Dynamic time-spectrum block allocation for cognitive radio networks
First Claim
1. A method, comprising:
- sensing communication spectrum utilization among peer nodes capable of using the communication spectrum;
sharing white spaces in the communication spectrum for information transfer between sender-receiver pairs of the peer nodes;
wherein sharing the white spaces includes optimizing utilization of the white spaces, including for each sender-receiver pair of the nodes, negotiating blocks of the white spaces for the information transfer, each block defined by negotiating an available frequency in the communication spectrum, a bandwidth in relation to the frequency, a starting time, and a duration to exchange the information using the frequency and the bandwidth, wherein the bandwidth negotiated for each block is represented by B/N, where B comprises the overall bandwidth of the white spaces and N comprises a measure of congestion in a neighborhood of the sender and the receiver; and
reallocating the blocks at intervals according to changes in the spectrum utilization.
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Abstract
Dynamic time-spectrum block allocation for cognitive radio networks is described. In one implementation, without need for a central controller, peer wireless nodes collaboratively sense local utilization of a communication spectrum and collaboratively share white spaces for communication links between the nodes. Sharing local views of the spectrum utilization with each other allows the nodes to dynamically allocate non-overlapping time-frequency blocks to the communication links between the nodes for efficiently utilizing the white spaces. The blocks are sized to optimally pack the available white spaces. The nodes regularly readjust the bandwidth and other parameters of all reserved blocks in response to demand, so that packing of the blocks in available white spaces maintains a fair distribution of the overall bandwidth of the white spaces among active communication links, minimizes finishing time of all communications, reduces contention overhead among the nodes contending for the white spaces, and maintains non-overlapping blocks.
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Citations
20 Claims
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1. A method, comprising:
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sensing communication spectrum utilization among peer nodes capable of using the communication spectrum; sharing white spaces in the communication spectrum for information transfer between sender-receiver pairs of the peer nodes; wherein sharing the white spaces includes optimizing utilization of the white spaces, including for each sender-receiver pair of the nodes, negotiating blocks of the white spaces for the information transfer, each block defined by negotiating an available frequency in the communication spectrum, a bandwidth in relation to the frequency, a starting time, and a duration to exchange the information using the frequency and the bandwidth, wherein the bandwidth negotiated for each block is represented by B/N, where B comprises the overall bandwidth of the white spaces and N comprises a measure of congestion in a neighborhood of the sender and the receiver; and reallocating the blocks at intervals according to changes in the spectrum utilization. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14)
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15. A system, comprising:
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wireless nodes, each capable of self-tuning a variable frequency parameter and an associated variable bandwidth parameter for transferring information via a communication spectrum; a network engine in each wireless node to sense communication spectrum utilization among peer nodes and share white spaces in the communication spectrum for transferring information; a local allocation table in each node to store a view of local spectrum allocation with respect to time; and a spectrum allocation engine in each wireless node to negotiate time-frequency blocks of the communication spectrum for the information transfer, each block defined by an available frequency in the communication spectrum, a bandwidth in relation to the frequency, a starting time, and a duration to exchange the information using the frequency and the bandwidth, wherein the spectrum allocation engine evaluates bandwidth options for each block in decreasing order of bandwidth, starting at a bandwidth greater than B/N, where B comprises an overall bandwidth of the white spaces and N comprises a measure of congestion in a neighborhood of a sender and a receiver. - View Dependent Claims (16, 17, 18, 19)
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20. A method, comprising:
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sensing communication spectrum utilization among peer nodes capable of using the communication spectrum; sharing white spaces in the communication spectrum for information transfer between sender-receiver pairs of the peer nodes; wherein sharing the white spaces includes optimizing utilization of the white spaces, including for each sender-receiver pair of the nodes, negotiating blocks of the white spaces for the information transfer, each block defined by negotiating an available frequency in the communication spectrum, a bandwidth in relation to the frequency, a starting time, and a duration to exchange the information using the frequency and the bandwidth, wherein when additional pairs of the nodes negotiate for blocks of the white spaces, then all pairs negotiating for blocks reduce their share of the bandwidth to increase parallelism; and reallocating the blocks at intervals according to changes in the spectrum utilization.
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Specification