Low-powered autonomous radio node with temperature sensor and crystal oscillator

• US 7,881,239 B2
• Filed: 05/10/2005
• Issued: 02/01/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 03/27/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Analog Devices International Unlimited Company (Analog Devices, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Dust Networks Incorporated (Analog Devices, Inc.)
• Inventors: Pister, Kristofer S. J., Zats, Yuri S., Contant, Robert Alan, Treuhaft, Noah
• Primary Examiner(s): Kumar; Pankaj
• Assistant Examiner(s): Smith; Marcus R
• Application Number:
  US11/125,529
• Publication Number:
  US 20050213612A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,093 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 370/311
• CPC Class Codes: H03L 1/02 against variations of temperature only
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 4/00 Combined time-division and frequency-division multiplex systems H04J13/00 takes precedence ; data transmission H04L5/26; telemetry G08C15/00
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 40/02 Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 56/00 Synchronisation arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 88/02 Terminal devices
• CPC Class Codes: Y02D 30/70 in wireless communication networks

Abstract

A device for a node in a digraph network comprising is disclosed. The device comprises an internal time reference, a radio receiver, a radio transmitter. The device further comprises a temperature sensor for stabilizing the internal time reference against drifting with respect to an internal time reference of another node in the network and a microprocessor for managing the reception and transmission of information.

Claims

1. A node in a wireless mesh data network, comprising:

an internal time reference, wherein the internal time reference is used for determining a time for receiving at the node or transmitting from the node;

a radio receiver, wherein the radio receiver receives a packet on one of a plurality of channels, and wherein the packet is received on a channel that is selected according to a sequence of channels and at the determined receive time that is selected according to a sequence of times;

a radio transmitter, wherein the radio transmitter transmits a packet on one of a plurality of channels, and wherein the packet is transmitted on a channel that is selected according to a sequence of channels and at the determined transmit time that is selected according to a sequence of times;

a temperature sensor for stabilizing the internal time reference against drifting with respect to an internal time reference of another node in the wireless mesh data network, wherein the wireless mesh data network comprises a matrix of peer communication nodes; and

a microprocessor for managing the reception and transmission of information, wherein the microprocessor further synchronizes the internal time reference to the internal time reference of another node using information received by the radio receiver and information from the temperature sensor.

2. The node as recited in claim 1, wherein the internal time reference is a crystal oscillator.

3. The node as recited in claim 1, wherein the internal time reference is a 32,768 Hz crystal.

4. The node as recited in claim 1, wherein the radio receiver receives in an ISM radio band.

5. The node as recited in claim 1, wherein the radio receiver receives in the 900 MHz ISM radio band.

6. The node as recited in claim 1, wherein the radio receiver receives in the 2.4 GHz ISM radio band.

7. The node as recited in claim 1, wherein the radio receiver receives in the 5.8 GHz ISM radio band.

8. The node as recited in claim 1, wherein the radio transmitter transmits in an ISM radio band.

9. The node as recited in claim 1, wherein the radio transmitter transmits in the 900 MHz ISM radio band.

10. The node as recited in claim 1, wherein the radio transmitter transmits in the 2.4 GHz ISM radio band.

11. The node as recited in claim 1, wherein the radio transmitter transmits in the 5.8 GHz ISM radio band.

12. The node as recited in claim 1, wherein transmitted information or received information includes information that can be used to derive synchronization of the internal time reference to the internal time reference of another node.

13. The node as recited in claim 1, wherein the microprocessor further manages power utilization such that power utilization is reduced in order to increase the usefulness of power limited nodes.

14. The node as recited in claim 1, wherein the microprocessor management of the reception and transmission of information is according to a superframe schedule.

15. The node as recited in claim 1, further including a battery.

16. The node as recited in claim 1, further including a digital counter, wherein the internal time reference is stabilized by adjusting the digital counter.

17. The node as recited in claim 16, wherein the digital counter is adjusted by adding additional ticks to the digital counter at a frequency dependent on the temperature sensor.

18. The node as recited in claim 1, further including a crystal oscillator, wherein the internal time reference is stabilized by adjusting the frequency of the crystal oscillator.

19. The node as recited in claim 1, further including a memory for storing a calibration data.

20. The node as recited in claim 19, wherein the calibration data comprises a table that stores tick delay data for one or more temperatures.

21. The node as recited in claim 1, wherein the sequence of channels comprises a pseudorandom sequence.

22. The node as recited in claim 21, wherein the pseudorandom sequence is a function of a time slot for communication.

23. The node as recited in claim 1, wherein the sequence of channels comprises a sequence in which a channel is incremented by one modulo a total number of channels.

24. The node as recited in claim 1, wherein a transmit time or a receive time that is selected according to a sequence of times is determined based at least in part on a time slot in a superframe.