Helically actuated positive-displacement pump and method

• US 7,883,325 B2
• Filed: 03/24/2006
• Issued: 02/08/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 03/25/2005
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: California Institute of Technology
• Original Assignee: California Institute of Technology
• Inventors: Hickerson, Anna, Kheradvar, Arash, Gharib, Morteza
• Primary Examiner(s): Kramer; Devon C
• Assistant Examiner(s): BOBISH, CHRISTOPHER S
• Application Number:
  US11/389,525
• Publication Number:
  US 20060216173A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,782 Days
• Field of Search: 417/472, 417/474, 417/477.4, 417/478, 417/479, 92 89- 92, 251/4
• US Class Current: 417/472
• CPC Class Codes: F04B 19/00 Machines or pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B17/00
• CPC Class Codes: F04B 43/046 with piezoelectric drive
• CPC Class Codes: F04B 43/08 having tubular flexible members F04B43/12 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F04B 43/086 with two or more tubular flexible members in parallel F04B43/1136 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F04B 43/095 Piezoelectric drive
• CPC Class Codes: F04B 43/14 having plate-like flexible members
• CPC Class Codes: F04B 45/00 Pumps or pumping installations having flexible working members and specially adapted for elastic fluids
• CPC Class Codes: F05C 2251/08 Shape memory
• CPC Class Codes: F16K 7/045 by electric or magnetic means
• CPC Class Codes: F16K 7/06 by means of a screw-spindle, cam, or other mechanical means F16K7/045 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F16K 7/08 constrictable by twisting
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 29/42 Piezoelectric device making
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 29/49236 Fluid pump or compressor making

Abstract

First and second structures are connected by helical fibers. The orientation between the first and second structures are changed, and by doing so, the positions of the helical fibers are correspondingly changed. The position of change of the helical fibers can be used for a pumping effect, or to change some other fluidic characteristics. One other fluidic characteristics, for example, may use the movement of the helical fibers as a valve.

Claims

1. A fluid-characteristic changing structure, comprising:

first and second structures, each of which is movable relative to the other by being rotatable relative to the other, such that they rotate in opposite directions and wherein when rotated in opposite directions relative to one another, said first and second structures are movable in an axial direction, which extends between said structures, relative to the other; and

a plurality of spring-biased connecting parts, connecting said first and second structures, moving to change a fluidic characteristic of a chamber defined between said connecting parts from a first state to a second state, wherein said spring biased connecting parts assume a helical shape in at least one of the two states, and wherein said change in fluidic characteristic comprises a fluid pump operation.

2. A structure as in claim 1, wherein said spring biased connecting parts, cause an operation that reduces a size of a fluidic conduit as said change in fluidic characteristic.

3. A structure as in claim .1, wherein said first and second structures are ring-shaped structures which have different outer sizes.

4. A structure as in claim 3, wherein said spring biased connecting parts are connected between said first and second structures, wherein said first and second structures are substantially round, and a combination of said spring biased connecting parts and said first and second structures form an elliptical chamber, and wherein movement of said first and second structures changes the shape of said elliptical chamber to pump a fluid that is within said elliptical chamber.

5. A structure as in claim 4, wherein said spring-biased connecting parts are materials from the group consisting of helical fibers, helical rings, or helical bands.

6. A structure as in claim 4, further comprising at least one motor, which rotates at least one of said first and second structures relative to the other.

7. A structure as in claim 4, further comprising at least one actuator which actuates to change at least one of tensile or compressive forces along the spring-biased connecting parts.

8. A structure as in claim 4, further comprising third and fourth structures, movable relative to one another, and a plurality of spring based connecting parts connecting said third and fourth structures, collectively forming a valve, said valve being actuated in synchronization with changing of the shape of said elliptical chamber.

9. A method, comprising:

connecting first and second structures using a plurality of spring biased connecting parts; and

moving each of said first and second structures relative to the other, wherein said moving comprises rotating each structure in an opposite direction relative to the other and moving each structure in an axial direction which extends between said structures, to change a fluidic characteristic of a chamber defined between said connection parts from a first state to a second state, wherein said fluidic characteristic comprises pumping of a fluid, wherein said spring biased connecting parts assume a helical shape in at least one of the two states, and where the spring biased connecting parts are selected from the group consisting of helical fibers, helical rings or helical bands.

10. A method as in claim 9, wherein said fluidic characteristic is reduction of a cross-sectional area of a fluid conduit.

11. A method as in claim 9, wherein said fluidic characteristic is pumping of a fluid in a first mode, and reduction of a cross-sectional area of a fluid conduit in a second mode.

12. A method as in claim 9, wherein said first and second structures rings of different sizes, and said rings and said spring biased connecting parts form an elliptical shaped chamber between said first and second structures, and said moving comprises changing a volume of said elliptical chamber to cause a pumping effect.

13. A method as in claim 10, wherein said fluidic characteristic comprises closing completely a cross-sectional area of the fluid conduit.

14. An apparatus, comprising:

first and second substantially ring-shaped structures;

a plurality of helical connecting parts, connecting between said first and second substantially ring shaped structures; and

an actuating part, which is actuated in a first way to change an orientation of each of said first and second ring-shaped structures relative to the other to cause a pumping effect, and is actuated in a second way to change an orientation of said first and second ring-shaped structures to change a fluidic cross-section of a conduit, where the change in orientation, of each of said first and second ring-shaped structures relative to the other comprises a rotation of each structure in an opposite direction relative to the other, and when rotated in opposite directions relative to one another, said first and second structures are movable in an axial direction, which extends between said structures, relative to the other.

15. An apparatus as in claim 14, further comprising an outer tube, surrounding said first and second substantially ring shaped structures, and said helical connecting parts.

16. An apparatus as in claim 15, further comprising, inside said outer tube,

third and fourth substantially ring-shaped-structures;

a second plurality of helical connecting parts, connecting between said third and fourth substantially ring shaped structures; and

wherein said actuating part, changes an orientation of said first and second ring-shaped structures to cause a pumping effect, and changes an orientation of said third and fourth ring-shaped structures to change a fluidic cross-section of a. conduit.

17. An apparatus as in claim 14, wherein said apparatus is installed in a body cavity to use for blood flow.