System and method for antenna selection

• US 7,890,145 B2
• Filed: 01/27/2009
• Issued: 02/15/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 10/01/2003
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Avago Technologies International Sales Pte Limited (Broadcom, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Broadcom Corporation (Broadcom, Inc.)
• Inventors: Winters, Jack, Van Rooyen, Pieter, Catreux-Erceg, Severine, Roux, Pieter, Erceg, Vinko
• Primary Examiner(s): VO, NGUYEN THANH
• Application Number:
  US12/360,489
• Publication Number:
  US 20090191832A1
• Time in Patent Office: 749 Days
• Field of Search: 455/69, 455/562.1, 455/101, 455/102, 455/103, 455/132, 455/133, 455/135, 455/137, 455/129, 375/299
• US Class Current: 455/562.1
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/7115 Constructive combining of multi-path signals, i.e. RAKE receivers
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/061 using feedback from receiving side
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/0691 using subgroups of transmit antennas
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/0697 using spatial multiplexing
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/0808 comparing all antennas before reception
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/0814 based on current reception conditions, e.g. switching to different antenna when signal level is below threshold
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/0874 using subgroups of receive antennas
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/0618 Space-time coding

Abstract

Systems and methods that provide antenna selection in multi-antenna-element communication systems are provided. In one embodiment, a system that selects N antenna elements in an M-antenna-element transmitter or an M-antenna-element receiver, in which N is less than M, may include, for example, M antenna elements in the M-antenna-element transmitter or the M-antenna-element receiver; N RF chains; and a switch coupled to the N RF chains. The M-antenna-element receiver may determine a bit error rate for each possible N antenna element subset of the M antenna elements. The M-antenna-element receiver may determine the particular N antenna element subset with a lowest bit error rate. In response to the determination of the particular N antenna element subset with the lowest bit error rate, the switch may couple the N RF chains to the particular N antenna element subset with the lowest bit error rate.

Claims

1. In a transmitter having one or more RF chains and a plurality of transmit antennas capable of transmitting RF signal energy to a receiver, an antenna selection method comprising:

connecting the one or more RF chains to an initial subset of the plurality of transmit antennas;

determining a bit error rate of the receiver associated with each transmit antenna within the initial subset of the plurality of transmit antenna;

comparing each bit error rate to a predefined threshold;

disconnecting, when one the bit error rate exceeds the predefined threshold, an associated transmit antenna within the initial subset of the plurality of transmit antennas from a first of the one or more RF chains; and

connecting one of the plurality of transmit antennas to the first of the one or more RF chains, the one of the plurality of transmit antennas not being included within the initial subset of the plurality of transmit antennas.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of transmit antennas are greater in number than the one or more RF chains, and wherein a size of the initial subset of the plurality of transmit antennas is equivalent to a number of the one or more RF chains.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the transmitted RF signal energy comprises at least one of:

a code division multiple access signal, a single carrier signal, an orthogonal frequency division multiplexed signal and a UWB signal.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the transmitted RF signal energy comprises a UWB signal.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the transmitted RF signal energy comprises a spread spectrum signal.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of transmit antennas is four transmit antennas, wherein the one or more RF chains are two RF chains.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the transmitter and the receiver are part of a multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) system.

8. The method according to claim 1, comprising:

demultiplexing an input signal into N independent substreams, wherein N is an integer greater than one;

sending each of the N independent substreams along a respective path through N RF chains, wherein the one or more RF chains are the RF chains; and

converting, in N digital-to-analog converters, the N independent substreams into N analog independent substreams, each of the N RF chains comprising one of the N digital-to-analog converters.

9. The method according to claim 8, comprising:

upconverting, in N mixers, the N analog independent subsreams, each of the N RF chains comprising one of the N mixers.

10. The method according to claim 9, comprising:

sending the N upconverted analog independent substreams through N switches, each of the N RF chains comprising one of the N switches, wherein a respective switch of a corresponding RF chain being configured to connect and to disconnect the corresponding RF chain and one of the plurality of transmit antennas.

11. The method according to claim 1, comprising:

determining the initial subset of the plurality of transmit antennas that are connected, via switches that are controlled by a switch controller, to the one or more RF chains.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein the switch controller has information that identifies the initial subset of the plurality of transmit antennas.

13. The method according to claim 1, wherein the transmitter and the receiver are part of a spatial-multiplexing-multiple-input-multiple-output-orthogonal frequency-divisional-multiplexing system.

14. The method according to claim 1, comprising:

weighting, by a set of complex coefficients, and combining a single stream of symbols to generate a set of N output signals, wherein the one or more RF chains are N RF chains, wherein N is an integer greater than two.

15. The method according to claim 14, comprising:

sending the set of N output signals through the N RF chains to produce N RF signals.

16. The method according to claim 15, comprising:

coupling the N RF signals to N antennas, via switching circuitry, to N of the plurality of transmit antennas, wherein a number of transmit antennas is greater than N.

17. The method according to claim 15, comprising:

transmitting the N RF signals through a single channel.

18. The method according to claim 15, wherein the transmitter and the receiver are part of a single-channel-multiple-input-multiple-output system.

19. The method according to claim 15, wherein the transmitter and the receiver are part of a single-channel-multiple-input-multiple-output-orthognal-frequency-division-multiplexing system.