Implantable device

• US 7,892,222 B2
• Filed: 01/12/2001
• Issued: 02/22/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 01/12/2000
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Beta Cell Technologies Pty., Ltd.
• Original Assignee: Beta Cell Technologies Pty., Ltd.
• Inventors: Bloch, Konstantin, Boukobza, Nizza, Bloch, Daria, Vardi, Pnina, Gross, Yosef
• Primary Examiner(s): Stigell; Theodore J
• Application Number:
  US10/466,069
• Publication Number:
  US 20040133188A1
• Time in Patent Office: 3,693 Days
• Field of Search: 604/891.1, 604/890.1, 604/6.14, 604/6.16, 60428801-28804, 604/93.01, 604/500, 604/502, 435/41, 435/69.4, 435/289.1, 435/292.1, 435/293.1, 435/293.2, 424/93.1, 424/93.2, 424/93.7, 424/195.17
• US Class Current: 604/891.1
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/022 Artificial gland structures using bioreactors hemodialysis A61M1/16; hemofiltration A61M1/34; other extracorporeal blood treatment A61M1/36
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2005/14204 with gas-producing electrochemical cell
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/14276 specially adapted for implantation

Abstract

A device for implanting in the body. The device comprises a chamber containing cells. The device also comprises an oxygen generator for providing oxygen to the cells.

Claims

1. An implantable device comprising:

a chamber holding isolated functional cells; and

an oxygen generator for providing oxygen to the cells within the chamber, wherein the oxygen generator is disposed within the implantable device and comprises one or more photosynthetic units that produce oxygen when illuminated, the photosynthetic units positioned within the implantable device such that the oxygen produced is provided to the cells, and

wherein the implantable device, as a whole, is implantable in the body of an individual.

2. A device according to claim 1, further comprising an oxygen sensor for determining oxygen concentration in a vicinity of the functional cells.

3. A device according to claim 2, further comprising a microprocessor configured to activate the oxygen generator when the oxygen concentration in the vicinity of the functional cells is below a first predetermined threshold, and to inactivate the oxygen generator when the oxygen concentration in the vicinity of the functional cells is above a second predetermined threshold.

4. The device according to claim 2, further configured to produce a sensible signal when the oxygen concentration is below a predetermined value.

5. A device according to claim 1, wherein the photosynthetic units comprise one or more photosynthetic cells.

6. A device according to claim 5, wherein the photosynthetic cells are algae.

7. A device according to claim 6, wherein the photosynthetic cells are unicellular algae.

8. A device according to claim 7, wherein the unicellular algae are of the species Chlorella.

9. A device according to claim 6, wherein the algae are genetically engineered algae.

10. The device according to claim 5, further comprising a light source.

11. The device according to claim 10, wherein the light source is configured to be implanted in the body.

12. The device according to claim 10, wherein the light source is configured to be placed external to the body.

13. The device according to claim 10, further comprising an optic fiber for conducting light from the light source to the photosynthetic cells.

14. A device according to claim 1, wherein the photosynthetic units comprise isolated chloroplasts.

15. The device according to claim 1, wherein the chamber has transparent walls.

16. A device according to claim 1, wherein the functional cells release a needed substance and the chamber has walls, which are permeable to said substance but not to said cells, whereby said substance is released to the body.

17. A device according to claim 16, wherein the functional cells are selected from the group consisting of:

pancreatic islet cells, hepatocytes, thyroid cells, parathyroid cells, neural cells, ovarian cells, adrenal cells, renal cortex cells, vascular endothelial cells, thymic cells, ovarian cells, testicular cells, genetically engineered cells, cloned cells and stem cells.

18. A device according to claim 1, wherein the functional cells can absorb or degrade a substance from the body, and the chamber has walls, which are permeable to said substance but not to said cells, whereby said substance is drained from surroundings of the device into said chamber.

19. A device according to claim 1, comprising a rechargeable battery.

20. A device according to claim 19, comprising an electric circuit linked to said rechargeable battery for remote induction recharging of said battery.

21. A device according to claim 1, comprising an electronic circuitry for monitoring parameters of the device or its surrounding or controlling operational parameters of the device.

22. A device according to claim 21, wherein said circuitry comprises means for wireless communication with an external control or monitoring circuitry.

23. A device according to claim 1, wherein the functional cells comprise pancreatic β

-cells.

24. An implantable device for treating a medical disorder comprising a chamber, which is configured to be implanted in a body of an individual, the chamber holding:

isolated functional cells that produce a substance for treatment of the medical disorder, the chamber having a wall that is permeable to the produced substance; and

photosynthetic cells that convert carbon dioxide to oxygen when illuminated,

wherein the device, when entirely implanted within the body, is configured such that the photosynthetic cells can be illuminated.

25. The device according to claim 24, further comprising a light source.

26. The device according to claim 25, wherein the light source is configured to be implanted in the body.

27. A device according to claim 24, wherein the functional cells can release a needed substance, and the chamber has walls, which are permeable to said substance but not to said cells, whereby said substance is released to the body.

28. A device according to claim 27, wherein the functional cells comprise pancreatic β

-cells.

29. A method of treating a medical disorder comprising:

providing the device of claim 24;

implanting the device in a body of an individual such that the photosynthetic cells can be illuminated; and

when said device is implanted in the body, producing a treatment substance with said device and secreting said treatment substance to the body.

30. A method according to claim 29, comprising illuminating the photosynthetic cells.

31. A method according to claim 30, wherein illuminating the photosynthetic cells comprises illuminating the photosynthetic cells from within the body.

32. An implantable device for treating a medical disorder comprising a chamber which is configured to be implanted in a body of an individual, the chamber holding:

isolated functional cells that remove a substance from the body for treatment of the medical disorder, the chamber having a wall that is permeable to the substance; and

photosynthetic cells that convert carbon dioxide to oxygen when illuminated,

wherein the device, when entirely implanted within the body, is configured such that the photosynthetic cells can be illuminated.

33. A method of treating a medical disorder comprising:

providing the device of claim 32;

implanting the device in a body of an individual such that the photosynthetic cells can be illuminated; and

when said device is implanted in the body, removing a substance from the body with said device.