Dynamic current limits

• US 7,902,694 B2
• Filed: 11/08/2007
• Issued: 03/08/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 11/08/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Cisco Technology, Inc. (Cisco Systems, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Cisco Technology, Inc. (Cisco Systems, Inc.)
• Inventors: Schindler, Frederick R., Vetteth, Anoop
• Primary Examiner(s): Fureman; Jared J
• Assistant Examiner(s): Amrany; Adi
• Application Number:
  US11/937,254
• Publication Number:
  US 20090121548A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,216 Days
• Field of Search: 307/24, 307/31, 307/35
• US Class Current: 307/24
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 1/04 Constant-current supply systems
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 1/14 Balancing the load in a network
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/10 Current supply arrangements

Abstract

A method is provided for allocating and providing power to network devices. The method includes (i) receiving an electronic request to power a network device with a requested amount of power, (ii) establishing a worst-case current draw of the device in the event of a pre-defined maximum voltage slew rate, and (iii) selectively (a) allocating and providing power to the device when a remaining power capacity is greater than or equal to a provision voltage multiplied by the worst-case current draw of the device in the event of the maximum voltage slew rate, and (b) denying power to the device when the remaining power capacity is less than the provision voltage multiplied by the worst-case current draw of the device in the event of the maximum voltage slew rate. Apparatus are also provided for performing the method.

Claims

1. A method, performed in a network power sourcing apparatus having a power supply with a fixed power capacity, the network power sourcing apparatus providing power to a plurality of powered network devices at a provision voltage, the method comprising:

receiving, at the network power sourcing apparatus, an electronic request to power a network device of the plurality of powered network devices with a requested amount of power;

calculating, at the network power sourcing apparatus, a worst-case current draw of the network device in the event of a pre-defined maximum voltage slew rate, wherein the pre-defined maximum voltage slew rate is a value pre-programmed into the power sourcing apparatus to represent a largest-anticipated possible voltage slew rate;

allocating and providing power, from the power supply to the network device when a remaining power capacity is greater than or equal to the provision voltage multiplied by the worst-case current draw of the network device in the event of the maximum voltage slew rate; and

denying power from the power supply to the network device when the remaining power capacity is less than the provision voltage multiplied by the worst-case current draw of the device in the event of the maximum voltage slew rate;

wherein the remaining power capacity is defined to be the fixed power capacity of the network power sourcing apparatus minus any power that has already been allocated to other powered network devices of the plurality of powered network devices.

2. A method as in claim 1 wherein calculating the worst-case current draw of the network device in the event of the pre-defined maximum voltage slew rate includes summing together the following amounts:

the requested amount of power divided by the provision voltage; and

a capacitance of a capacitor within the network device multiplied by the maximum voltage slew rate.

3. A method as in claim 2 wherein the pre-defined maximum voltage slew rate is 200 volts per second.

4. A method as in claim 2 wherein the capacitance of the capacitor within the network device is assumed to be a pre-determined value.

5. A method as in claim 2 wherein the method further comprises:

receiving a signal from the network device indicating the capacitance of the capacitor within the device.

6. A method as in claim 2 wherein the requested amount of power divided by the provision voltage is less than the worst-case current draw of the device in the event of the maximum voltage slew rate.

7. A method as in claim 1 wherein:

the method further includes;

calculating a current limit for the network device, wherein calculating the current limit for the network device includes determining a maximum amount of current the network device is capable of drawing in the event that the provision voltage remains substantially constant, and adding a provision tolerance to that maximum amount; and

substantially limiting the total amount of current capable of being provided to the network device to the calculated current limit for the network device; and

calculating the worst-case current draw of the network device in the event of the maximum voltage slew rate includes calculating as the worst-case current draw of the network device in the event of the maximum voltage slew rate a number which is less than or equal to the calculated current limit for the network device.

8. A method as in claim 7 wherein determining the maximum amount of current the network device is capable of drawing in the event that the provision voltage remains substantially constant includes:

establishing that the maximum amount of current the network device is capable of drawing in the event that the provision voltage remains substantially constant is the requested amount of power divided by the provision voltage multiplied by a burst factor, the burst factor being a number in the range of 1.0 to 1.15.

9. A method as in claim 7 wherein determining the maximum amount of current the network device is capable of drawing in the event that the provision voltage remains substantially constant includes:

establishing that the maximum amount of current the network device is capable of drawing in the event that the provision voltage remains substantially constant is the largest amount of current that the network device is configured to be able to request under any circumstances.

10. A method as in claim 9 wherein establishing that the maximum amount of current the network device is capable of drawing in the event that voltage remains substantially constant is the largest amount of current that the network device is configured to be able to request under any circumstances includes receiving a signal from the network device reporting the largest amount of current that the network device is configured to be able to request under any circumstances.

11. A method as in claim 7 wherein adding the provision tolerance to the maximum amount includes:

adding the provision tolerance, the provision tolerance being equal to a percentage of the maximum amount of current the network device is capable of drawing in the event that the provision voltage remains substantially constant, the percentage being in the range of 0% to 20%.

12. A method as in claim 11 wherein the percentage is substantially 8.7%.

13. A method as in claim 1 wherein the requested amount of power divided by the provision voltage is less than or equal to 100 mA.

14. An apparatus comprising:

a power supply having a fixed power capacity, the power supply configured to provide power to a plurality of powered devices at a provision voltage, and a remaining power capacity;

a network interface; and

a controller coupled to the network interface, the controller being configured to;

receive, over the network interface, a request to power a device of the plurality of powered devices over the network interface with a requested amount of power;

calculate a worst-case current draw of the device in the event of a pre-defined maximum voltage slew rate, wherein the pre-defined maximum voltage slew rate is a value pre-programmed into the apparatus to represent a largest-anticipated possible voltage slew rate;

allocate and provide power to the device from the power supply over the network interface when the remaining power capacity is greater than or equal to the provision voltage multiplied by the worst-case current draw of the device in the event of the maximum voltage slew rate; and

deny power to the device when the remaining power capacity is less than the provision voltage multiplied by the worst-case current draw of the device in the event of the maximum voltage slew rate;

wherein the remaining power capacity is defined to be the fixed power capacity of the power supply minus any power that has already been allocated to other powered network devices of the plurality of powered network devices.

15. An apparatus as in claim 14 wherein the controller, when calculating the worst-case current draw of the device in the event of the maximum voltage slew rate, is operable to sum together the following amounts:

the requested amount of power divided by the provision voltage; and

a capacitance of a capacitor within the device multiplied by the maximum voltage slew rate.

16. An apparatus as in claim 15 wherein the controller is further configured to receive from the device, via the network interface, a signal indicating the capacitance of the capacitor within the device.

17. An apparatus as in claim 14 wherein:

the controller is further configured to;

calculate a current limit for the device, wherein calculating the current limit for the device includes determining a maximum amount of current the device is capable of drawing in the event that the provision voltage remains substantially constant, and adding a provision tolerance to that maximum amount; and

substantially limit the total amount of current capable of being provided to the device to the calculated current limit for the device; and

the controller, when calculating the worst-case current draw of the device in the event of the maximum voltage slew rate, is operable to calculate, as the worst-case current draw of the device in the event of the maximum voltage slew rate, a number which is less than or equal to the calculated current limit for the device.

18. An apparatus as in claim 17 wherein the controller, when determining the maximum amount of current the device is capable of drawing in the event that voltage remains substantially constant, is operable to:

establish that the maximum amount of current the device is capable of drawing in the event that the provision voltage remains substantially constant is the requested amount of power divided by the provision voltage multiplied by a burst factor, the burst factor being a number in the range of 1.0 to 1.15.

19. An apparatus as in claim 17 wherein the apparatus further comprises a current limiting device, the current limiting device being operative to limit the amount of power that can be sent to the device across the network interface to the calculated current limit for that device.

20. An apparatus as in claim 14 wherein:

the power supply is an uninterruptible supply having a first power source and a second power source; and

the pre-defined maximum voltage slew rate is equal to the largest voltage slew rate of the power supply that could be caused by one of the first or second power sources failing.