Sub-band voice codec with multi-stage codebooks and redundant coding

• US 7,904,293 B2
• Filed: 10/09/2007
• Issued: 03/08/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 05/31/2005
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Microsoft Technology Licensing LLC (Microsoft Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Microsoft Corporation
• Inventors: Sun, Xiaoqin, Khalil, Hosam A., Chen, Wei-Ge, Koishida, Kazuhito, Wang, Tian
• Primary Examiner(s): ABEBE, DANIEL DEMELASH
• Application Number:
  US11/973,689
• Publication Number:
  US 20080040105A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,246 Days
• Field of Search: 704/222, 704/223, 704/229, 704/2
• US Class Current: 704/222
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 19/005 Correction of errors induced by the transmission channel, if related to the coding algorithm
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 19/12 the excitation function being a code excitation, e.g. in code excited linear prediction [CELP] vocoders
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 2019/0005 Multi-stage vector quantisation

Abstract

Techniques and tools related to coding and decoding of audio information are described. For example, redundant coded information for decoding a current frame includes signal history information associated with only a portion of a previous frame. As another example, redundant coded information for decoding a coded unit includes parameters for a codebook stage to be used in decoding the current coded unit only if the previous coded unit is not available. As yet another example, coded audio units each include a field indicating whether the coded unit includes main encoded information representing a segment of an audio signal, and whether the coded unit includes redundant coded information for use in decoding main encoded information.

Claims

1. A method comprising:

at an audio processing tool, processing a bit stream for an audio signal, wherein the bit stream comprises parameters for a first group of codebook stages for representing a first segment of the audio signal, the first group of codebook stages comprising a first set of plural fixed codebook stages, the number of codebook stages in the first group of codebook stages being determined according to a rate controller;

wherein the first set of plural fixed codebook stages comprises a plurality of random fixed codebook stages; and

outputting a result.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first group of codebook stages further comprises an adaptive codebook stage.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the bit stream further comprises parameters for a second group of codebook stages representing a second segment of the audio signal, the second group having a different number of codebook stages from the first group.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the audio processing tool is a real-time speech encoder, and the number of codebook stages in the first group of codebook stages is selected based on one or more factors comprising one or more characteristics of the first segment of the audio signal.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the audio processing tool is a real-time speech encoder, and the number of codebook stages in the first group of codebook stages is selected based on one or more factors comprising network transmission conditions between the encoder and a decoder.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the bit stream includes a separate codebook index and a separate gain for each of the plural fixed codebook stages.

7. A method comprising:

at an audio processing tool, processing a bit stream for an audio signal, wherein the bit stream comprises parameters for a first group of codebook stages for representing a first segment of the audio signal, the first group of codebook stages comprising a first set of plural fixed codebook stages, the number of codebook stages in the first group of codebook stages being determined according to a rate controller;

wherein the first set of plural fixed codebook stages comprises a pulse codebook stage and a random codebook stage; and

outputting a result.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the first group of codebook stages further comprises an adaptive codebook stage.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein the bit stream further comprises parameters for a second group of codebook stages representing a second segment of the audio signal, the second group having a different number of codebook stages from the first group.

10. The method of claim 7, wherein the audio processing tool is a real-time speech encoder, and the number of codebook stages in the first group of codebook stages is selected based on one or more factors comprising one or more characteristics of the first segment of the audio signal.

11. The method of claim 7, wherein the audio processing tool is a real-time speech encoder, and the number of codebook stages in the first group of codebook stages is selected based on one or more factors comprising network transmission conditions between the encoder and a decoder.

12. The method of claim 7, wherein the bit stream includes a separate codebook index and a separate gain for each of the plural fixed codebook stages.

13. A method comprising:

at an audio processing tool, processing a bit stream for an audio signal, wherein the bit stream comprises, for each of a plurality of units parameterizable using an adaptive codebook, a field indicating whether or not adaptive codebook parameters are used for the unit, processing the bit stream comprises determining whether to use the adaptive codebook parameters in each unit, and wherein determining whether to use the adaptive codebook parameters comprises determining whether an adaptive codebook gain is above a threshold value; and

outputting a result.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the units are sub-frames of plural frames of the audio signal.

15. The method of claim 13, wherein the audio processing tool is a real-time speech encoder.

16. A method comprising:

at an audio processing tool, processing a bit stream for an audio signal, wherein the bit stream comprises, for each of a plurality of units parameterizable using an adaptive codebook, a field indicating whether or not adaptive codebook parameters are used for the unit, and the audio processing tool is a real-time speech encoder, processing the bit stream comprises determining whether to use the adaptive codebook parameters in each unit, and wherein determining whether to use the adaptive codebook parameters comprises evaluating one or more network transmission characteristics between the encoder and a decoder; and

outputting a result.