Antenna and method for steering antenna beam direction
First Claim
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1. An antenna comprising;
- A first antenna element positioned above a ground plane and forming an antenna volume therebetween;
a first parasitic element positioned outside of said antenna volume and adjacent to said first antenna; and
a first active tuning element associated with said first parasitic element, said first active tuning element adapted to vary a current mode about said first parasitic element for actively steering a radiation pattern associated with said first antenna element.
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Abstract
An antenna comprising an IMD element, and one or more parasitic and active tuning elements is disclosed. The IMD element, when used in combination with the active tuning and parasitic elements, allows antenna operation at multiple resonant frequencies. In addition, the direction of antenna radiation pattern may be arbitrarily rotated in accordance with the parasitic and active tuning elements.
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Citations
41 Claims
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1. An antenna comprising;
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A first antenna element positioned above a ground plane and forming an antenna volume therebetween; a first parasitic element positioned outside of said antenna volume and adjacent to said first antenna; and a first active tuning element associated with said first parasitic element, said first active tuning element adapted to vary a current mode about said first parasitic element for actively steering a radiation pattern associated with said first antenna element. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12)
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13. An antenna comprising:
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a first antenna element positioned above a ground plane and forming an antenna volume therebetween; a first parasitic element positioned outside of said antenna volume and adjacent to said first antenna; a first active tuning element associated with said first parasitic element, said first active tuning element adapted to vary a current mode about said first parasitic element for actively steering a radiation pattern associated with said first antenna element; a second parasitic element positioned within said antenna volume; and a second active tuning element associated with said second parasitic element;
said second active tuning element adapted to vary a reactive coupling between said first antenna element and said second parasitic element for actively tuning a frequency characteristic associated with said first antenna element. - View Dependent Claims (14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27)
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28. A method for forming an antenna with beam steering capabilities. comprising:
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providing a first antenna element above a ground plane such that an antenna volume is defined therebetween; positioning one or more beam steering parasitic elements outside of said antenna volume and adjacent to said first antenna element, wherein each of said beam steering parasitic elements are individually coupled with an active tuning element, wherein said active tuning element is adapted to vary a current mode about said beam steering parasitic element coupled therewith for actively steering a radiation pattern associated with said first antenna element; and optimizing at least one of a distance and angle between said one or more beam steering parasitic elements and said main antenna element. - View Dependent Claims (29, 30, 31, 32, 33)
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34. A method for forming an antenna with frequency tuning and beam steering capabilities, comprising:
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providing a first antenna element disposed above a ground plane such that an antenna volume is defined therebetween; positioning a beam steering parasitic element outside of said antenna volume and adjacent to said first antenna element, wherein said beam steering parasitic element is coupled with a first active tuning element, wherein said first active tuning element is adapted to vary a current mode about said beam steering parasitic element coupled therewith for actively steering a radiation pattern associated with said first antenna element; optimizing at least one of a distance and angle between said beam steering parasitic elements and said first antenna element; positioning a frequency tuning parasitic element within said antenna volume, wherein said frequency tuning parasitic element is coupled with a second active tuning element, wherein said second active tuning element is adapted to vary a coupling between said frequency shifting parasitic element and said first antenna element for actively tuning a frequency characteristic of said first antenna element. - View Dependent Claims (35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41)
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Specification