Automated drug preparation apparatus including serial dilution functionality
First Claim
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1. An automated drug preparation system for preparing a prescribed dosage of medication in a syringe comprising:
- a source of a first fluid that is for delivery to the syringe;
a source of a second fluid that is for delivery to the syringe, wherein one of the first and second fluid comprises a drug and the other of the first and second fluids comprises a diluent, the first and second fluids being different from one another;
an adjustable plunger extension mechanism that includes a movable component that intimately engages a plunger of the syringe so that a first movement of the movable component is translated into a first extension of the plunger a first defined distance which causes a first volume of the first fluid to be drawn into the syringe; and
a controller that includes stored medication orders including a final volume and concentration of the prescribed diluted dosage of medication, wherein and based on the stored medication orders, the controller calculates the first defined distance that the plunger is moved to draw the first volume of the first fluid and sends a signal to cause the plunger to extend the first defined distance, wherein when the first volume is less than the final volume, the controller calculates the difference between the final volume and the first volume and disengages the fluid communication between the source of the first fluid and the syringe and then calculates a second defined distance, the plunger is to be moved to permit reception of a second volume of the second fluid and sends a signal to cause the plunger to extend the second defined distance, wherein the sum of the first and second volumes is equal to the final volume.
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Abstract
An automated medication preparation system for preparing a prescribed dosage of medication in a drug delivery device includes a plurality of stations for receiving, handling and processing the drug delivery device so that the prescribed dosage of medication is delivered to the drug delivery device and a transporting device that receives and holds more than one drug delivery device and moves the drug delivery devices in a controlled manner from one station to another station. The system is configured so that two or more separate drug delivery devices can be acted upon at the same time.
145 Citations
26 Claims
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1. An automated drug preparation system for preparing a prescribed dosage of medication in a syringe comprising:
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a source of a first fluid that is for delivery to the syringe; a source of a second fluid that is for delivery to the syringe, wherein one of the first and second fluid comprises a drug and the other of the first and second fluids comprises a diluent, the first and second fluids being different from one another; an adjustable plunger extension mechanism that includes a movable component that intimately engages a plunger of the syringe so that a first movement of the movable component is translated into a first extension of the plunger a first defined distance which causes a first volume of the first fluid to be drawn into the syringe; and a controller that includes stored medication orders including a final volume and concentration of the prescribed diluted dosage of medication, wherein and based on the stored medication orders, the controller calculates the first defined distance that the plunger is moved to draw the first volume of the first fluid and sends a signal to cause the plunger to extend the first defined distance, wherein when the first volume is less than the final volume, the controller calculates the difference between the final volume and the first volume and disengages the fluid communication between the source of the first fluid and the syringe and then calculates a second defined distance, the plunger is to be moved to permit reception of a second volume of the second fluid and sends a signal to cause the plunger to extend the second defined distance, wherein the sum of the first and second volumes is equal to the final volume. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8)
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9. An automated drug preparation system for preparing a prescribed dosage of medication in a syringe comprising:
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a first drug delivery station that includes a first automated drug delivery device that is in fluid communication with a source of a first fluid that can be selectively delivered to the syringe; an adjustable plunger extension mechanism that includes a movable component that intimately engages a plunger of the syringe so that a first movement of the movable component is translated into a first extension of the plunger a first defined distance; a controller that includes stored medication orders including a final volume and concentration of the prescribed dosage of medication, wherein and based on the stored medication orders, the controller calculates the first defined distance that the plunger is moved to create a first volume for receiving the dosage of medication and causes the plunger to extend the first defined distance; and a second drug delivery station that delivers medication into the syringe after the plunger has been extended, wherein the first and second drug delivery stations are different from one another in at least one aspect. - View Dependent Claims (10, 11)
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12. An automated drug preparation system for preparing in a syringe a final dosage of medication having a concentration X from a medication source that has a concentration Y which is higher than X comprising:
- a first fluid delivery station that includes a first automated fluid delivery device that is in fluid communication with a source of a first fluid that is for delivery to the syringe;
an adjustable plunger extension mechanism that includes a movable component that intimately engages a plunger of the syringe so that a first movement of the movable component is translated into a first extension of the plunger a first defined distance which causes a volume A of the first fluid to be drawn into the syringe;
a second fluid delivery station that includes a second automated fluid delivery device that is in fluid communication with the medication source having the concentration Y;
a controller that includes stored medication orders including a final volume and the concentration Y of the final dosage of medication, wherein and based on the stored medication orders, the controller calculates the first defined distance that the plunger is moved to draw the volume A of the first fluid and causes the plunger to extend the first defined distance, wherein the second automated fluid delivery device delivers into the syringe an amount B of the medication source that has the concentration Y, wherein the sum of A+B=Y, wherein delivery of the amounts A and B occur at different times. - View Dependent Claims (13, 14, 15, 16, 17)
- a first fluid delivery station that includes a first automated fluid delivery device that is in fluid communication with a source of a first fluid that is for delivery to the syringe;
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18. An automated drug preparation system for preparing a diluted dosage of medication in a drug delivery device comprising:
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an input for entering a drug order; a plurality of stations including a first station at which drug delivery devices are loaded onto a transportation device that moves the drug delivery devices from one station to another station in a controlled manner; a storage unit containing a plurality of drug vials including empty drug vials and drug vials containing medication to produce a dosage of medication having a first concentration that is greater than a second concentration of the diluted dosage of medication; an automated drug preparation device at a second station that executes the drug order and is configured to both deliver fluid and aspirate fluid based on instructions that are contained in a database and associated with the drug order; a third station that holds one or more partially used vials containing reusable medications; an inventory of the drug vials in the storage unit; and a controller that initially assigns a drug vial to each drug delivery device loaded onto the transportation device based on the final concentration of the diluted dosage of medication and the volume of the diluted dosage of medication, the controller being configured to search the inventory of the drug vials and select the drug vial that contains the medication for use in preparing the prescribed dosage and provides a minimum amount of the drug for use in preparing the prescribed dosage and wherein the controller instructs the automated drug preparation device to prepare and deliver the diluted prescribed dosage of medication by using the selected drug vial. - View Dependent Claims (19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24)
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25. An automated drug preparation system for preparing a prescribed diluted dosage of medication in a syringe comprising:
- a first drug delivery station that includes a first automated drug delivery device that is in fluid communication with a source of a diluent that is for delivery to the syringe;
an adjustable plunger extension mechanism that includes a movable component that intimately engages a plunger of the syringe so that a first movement of the movable component is translated into a first extension of the plunger a first defined distance which causes a first volume of the diluent to be drawn into the syringe;
a second drug delivery station that includes a second automated drug delivery device which reconstitutes medication in a drug vial by adding a volume of diluent to the medication in the drug vial to produce a dosage of medication having a first concentration; and
a controller that includes stored medication orders including a final volume and concentration of the prescribed dosage of medication, wherein and based on the stored medication orders, the controller calculates the first defined distance that the plunger is moved to draw the first volume of the diluent and causes the plunger to extend the first defined distance, the controller calculates the difference between the final volume and the first volume and instructs the second drug delivery device to deliver to the syringe a volume of medication having a first concentration so as to form the prescribed diluted dosage of medication that has a concentration of medication less than the concentration of the reconstituted medication.
- a first drug delivery station that includes a first automated drug delivery device that is in fluid communication with a source of a diluent that is for delivery to the syringe;
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26. An automated drug preparation system for preparing a prescribed diluted dosage of medication in a syringe comprising:
- a first drug delivery station that includes a first automated drug delivery device that is in fluid communication with a source of a diluent that is for delivery to the syringe;
an adjustable plunger extension mechanism that includes a movable component that intimately engages a plunger of the syringe so that a first movement of the movable component is translated into a first extension of the plunger a first defined distance which causes a first volume of the diluent to be drawn into the syringe;
a second drug delivery station that includes a second automated drug delivery device at which a commercially prepared vial of medication is located; and
a controller that includes stored medication orders including a final volume and concentration of the prescribed diluted dosage of medication, wherein and based on the stored medication orders, the controller calculates the first defined distance that the plunger is moved to draw the first volume of the diluent and causes the plunger to extend the first defined distance, the controller calculates the difference between the final volume and the first volume and instructs the second drug delivery device to deliver to the syringe a volume of medication from the vial of medication so as to form the prescribed diluted dosage of medication that has a concentration of medication less than the concentration of the medication in the vial.
- a first drug delivery station that includes a first automated drug delivery device that is in fluid communication with a source of a diluent that is for delivery to the syringe;
Specification