Single-lens, single-aperture, single-sensor 3-D imaging device

• US 7,916,309 B2
• Filed: 04/23/2008
• Issued: 03/29/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 04/23/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: California Institute of Technology
• Original Assignee: California Institute of Technology
• Inventors: Gharib, Morteza, Graff, Emilio, Pereira, Francisco
• Primary Examiner(s): Toatley; Gregory J
• Assistant Examiner(s): Merlino; Amanda H
• Application Number:
  US12/150,237
• Publication Number:
  US 20080259354A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,070 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 356/601
• CPC Class Codes: G01B 11/2509 Color coding
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2207/129 Coded aperture imaging
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 5/005 Diaphragms for cameras G03B9/02
• CPC Class Codes: G03B 15/12 using mirrors
• CPC Class Codes: G03B 35/02 by sequential recording
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 7/50 Depth or shape recovery
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/204 using stereoscopic image cameras stereoscopic photography G03B35/00
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/207 using a single 2D image sensor
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/254 in combination with electromagnetic radiation sources for illuminating objects

Abstract

A device and method for three-dimensional (3-D) imaging using a defocusing technique is disclosed. The device comprises a lens having a substantially oblong aperture, a sensor operable for capturing light transmitted from an object through the lens and the substantially oblong aperture, and a processor communicatively connected with the sensor for processing the sensor information and producing a 3-D image of the object. The aperture may have an asymmetrical shape for distinguishing objects in front of versus in back of the focal plane. The aperture may also be rotatable, where the orientation of the observed pattern relative to the oblong aperture is varied with time thereby removing the ambiguity generated by image overlap. The disclosed device further comprises a light projection system configured to project a predetermined pattern onto a surface of the desired object thereby allowing for mapping of unmarked surfaces in three dimensions.

Claims

1. A device for three-dimensional (3-D) imaging comprising:

a lens;

a substantially oblong aperture obstructing the lens, said oblong aperture having an oblong shape;

a sensor operable for capturing electromagnetic radiation transmitted from an object through the lens and the substantially oblong aperture; and

a processor communicatively connected with the sensor for processing the sensor information and producing a 3-D image of the object based on a distance between edges of said oblong shape determined by said sensor.

2. The device of claim 1, where the substantially oblong aperture comprises an asymmetric shape, which is asymmetric along an axis between said edges.

3. The device of claim 2, where the oblong aperture is rotatable, whereby an orientation of an observed pattern relative to the oblong aperture is varied with time thereby minimizing ambiguity generated by image overlap.

4. The device of claim 3, further comprising projection system configured to project a predetermined pattern of electromagnetic radiation onto a surface of the object thereby allowing for mapping of unmarked surfaces in three dimensions.

5. The device of claim 4, where the sensor comprises rows and columns of pixels, the substantially oblong aperture has a major axis and a minor axis, and where the axes are aligned with the rows and columns of the sensor.

6. The device of claim 5, further comprising a projector which projects a line onto a surface of the object, such that the line is at a substantially right angle to the substantially oblong aperture.

7. The device of claim 1, where the oblong aperture is rotatable, whereby an orientation of an observed pattern relative to the oblong aperture is varied with time thereby minimizing ambiguity generated by image overlap.

8. The device of claim 1, further comprising projection system configured to project a predetermined pattern of electromagnetic radiation onto a surface of the object thereby allowing for mapping of unmarked surfaces in three dimensions.

9. The device of claim 1, where the sensor comprises rows and columns of pixels, the substantially oblong aperture has a major axis and a minor axis, and where the axes are aligned with the rows and columns of the sensor.

10. The device of claim 1, further comprising a projector which projects a line onto a surface of the object, such that the line is at a substantially right angle to the substantially oblong aperture.

11. The device of claim 1, where the oblong aperture has rounded edges at ends of the oblong shape.

12. A method for three-dimensional (3-D) imaging of an object, comprising acts of:

capturing electromagnetic radiation transmitted off of an object and through a lens and a substantially oblong aperture with a sensor, said oblong aperture having an oblong shape; and

processing defocused information from the sensor indicative of a distance between edges of the oblong shape to produce a 3-D image representative of the object.

13. The method of claim 12, where the substantially oblong aperture comprises an asymmetric shape, which is asymmetric along an axis between said edges.

14. The method of claim 12, further comprising an act of rotating the substantially oblong aperture, whereby an orientation of an observed pattern relative to the oblong aperture is varied with time thereby minimizing ambiguity generated by image overlap.

15. The method of claim 12, further comprising an act of projecting a predetermined pattern of electromagnetic radiation onto a surface of the object thereby allowing for mapping of unmarked surfaces in three dimensions.

16. The method of claim 12, where the sensor comprises rows and columns of pixels, the substantially oblong aperture has a major axis and a minor axis, and where the axes are aligned with the rows and columns of the sensor.

17. The method of claim 12, further comprising an act of projecting a line onto a surface of the object, such that the line is at a substantially right angle to the substantially oblong aperture.

18. The device of claim 12, where the oblong aperture has rounded edges at ends of the oblong shape.