Lithium transition metal oxide having layered structure

• US 7,927,741 B2
• Filed: 01/28/2008
• Issued: 04/19/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 01/26/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Mitsui Mining and Smelting Company Limited
• Original Assignee: Mitsui Mining and Smelting Company Limited
• Inventors: Miyanohara, Keisuke, Kumada, Naoki, Kagei, Shinya, Takeuchi, Tomoya
• Primary Examiner(s): BOS, STEVEN J
• Application Number:
  US12/524,274
• Publication Number:
  US 20100117025A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,177 Days
• Field of Search: 429/231.1, 429/231.3, 429/231.95, 423/179.5, 423/594.4, 423/594.6, 423/599
• US Class Current: 429/231.1
• CPC Class Codes: C01G 45/1228 of the type [MnO2]n- , e.g. LiMnO2, Li[MxMn1-x]O2
• CPC Class Codes: C01G 51/50 of the type [MnO2]n- , e.g. Li(CoxMn1-x)O2, Li(MyCoxMn1-x-y)O2
• CPC Class Codes: C01G 53/50 of the type [MnO2]n- , e.g. Li(NixMn1-x)O2, Li(MyNixMn1-x-y)O2
• CPC Class Codes: C01P 2002/60 Compounds characterised by their crystallite size
• CPC Class Codes: C01P 2002/72 by d-values or two theta-values, e.g. as X-ray diagram
• CPC Class Codes: C01P 2004/03 obtained by SEM
• CPC Class Codes: C01P 2004/51 Particles with a specific particle size distribution
• CPC Class Codes: C01P 2004/61 Micrometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 micrometer
• CPC Class Codes: C01P 2006/10 Solid density
• CPC Class Codes: C01P 2006/11 Powder tap density
• CPC Class Codes: C01P 2006/12 Surface area
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/052 Li-accumulators
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2004/021 Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2004/028 Positive electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/131 Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/485 of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy H01M4/505, H01M4/525 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/505 of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/525 of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Abstract

In a lithium transition metal oxide having a layered structure, one is provided, which is particularly excellent as a positive electrode active material of a battery on board of an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle in particular. A lithium transition metal oxide having a layered structure is proposed, wherein the ratio of the crystallite diameter determined by Measurement Method 1 according to the Rietveld method with respect to the mean powder particle diameter (D50) determined by the laser diffraction/scattering-type particle size distribution measurement method is 0.05 to 0.20.

Claims

1. A lithium transition metal oxide having a lithium transition metal oxide represented by General Formula Li_1+xM₁₋

xO₂ (M;

transition metal) as a main component and containing the three elements Mn, Co and Ni as transition metals (M), wherein x in the General Formula is from 0.01 to 0.20; and

having a layered structure, wherein the ratio of the crystallite diameter as determined by the Measurement Method 1 according to the Rietveld method carried out under the conditions shown in Table 2 with respect to the mean powder particle diameter (D50) as determined by a laser diffraction/scattering-type particle size distribution measurement method is 0.05 to 0.20 and the crystallite diameter as determined by the Measurement Method 1 is 0.1 μ

m to 0.5 μ

m,

wherein the 90% cumulative diameter (D90) as determined by a laser diffraction/scattering-type particle size distribution measurement method is 2.0 μ

m to 10.0 μ

m.

3. The lithium transition metal oxide according to claim 1, wherein said mean powder particle diameter (D50) as determined by a laser diffraction/scattering-type particle size distribution measurement method is 1.0 μ

m to 4.0 μ

m.

5. The lithium transition metal oxide according to claim 1, wherein the specific surface area of the lithium transition metal oxide is 0.3 to 2.0 m²/g.

7. The lithium transition metal oxide according to claim 1, wherein the Tap density of the lithium transition metal oxide is 1.4 to 2.5 g/cm³.

9. The lithium transition metal oxide according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of magnetically-attaching material is less than 200 ppb.

11. A lithium battery comprising the lithium transition metal oxide according to claim 1 as a positive electrode active material.

2. A lithium transition metal oxide having a lithium transition metal oxide represented by General Formula Li_1+xM₁₋

xO₂ (M;

transition metal) as a main component and containing the three elements Mn Co and Ni as transition metals (M), wherein x in the General Formula is from 0.01 to 0.20; and

having a layered structure, wherein the ratio of the crystallite diameter as determined by the Measurement Method 2 according to the Rietveld method carried out under the conditions shown in Table 3 with respect to the mean powder particle diameter (D50) as determined by a laser diffraction/scattering-type particle size distribution measurement method is 0.03 to 0.13 and the crystallite diameter as determined by the Measurement Method 2 is 0.01 μ

m to 0.50 μ

m,

wherein the 90% cumulative diameter (D90) as determined by a laser diffraction/scattering type particle size distribution measurement method is 2.0 μ

m to 10.0 μ

m.

4. The lithium transition metal oxide according to claim 2 wherein said mean powder particle diameter (D50) as determined by a laser diffraction/scattering-type particle size distribution measurement method is 1.0 μ

m to 4.0 μ

m.

6. The lithium transition metal oxide according to claim 2, wherein the specific surface area of the lithium transition metal oxide is 0.3 to 2.0 m²/g.

8. The lithium transition metal oxide according to claim 2, wherein the Tap density of the lithium transition metal oxide is 1.4 to 2.5 g/cm³.

10. The lithium transition metal oxide according to claim 2, wherein the concentration of magnetically-attaching material is less than 200 ppb.

12. A lithium battery comprising the lithium transition metal oxide according to claim 2 as a positive electrode active material.

13. A lithium transition metal oxide having a layered structure, represented by General Formula Li_1+xM₁₋

xO₂ (M;

transition metal) as a main component and containing the three elements Mn, Co and Ni as transition metals (M),

wherein x in the General Formula is from 0.01 to 0.20,

wherein the ratio of the crystallite diameter as determined by the Measurement Method 1 according to the Rietveld method carried out under the conditions shown in Table 2 with respect to the mean powder particle diameter (D50) as determined by a laser diffraction/scattering-type particle size distribution measurement method is 0.05 to 0.20 and the crystallite diameter as determined by the Measurement Method 1 is 0.1 μ

m to 0.5 μ

m, and

wherein said mean powder particle diameter (D50) is 1.0 μ

m to 4.0 μ

m.

14. A lithium transition metal oxide having a layered structure, represented by General Formula Li_1+xM₁₋

xO₂ (M;

transition metal) as a main component and containing the three elements Mn, Co and Ni as transition metals (M),

wherein x in the General Formula is from 0.01 to 0.20,

wherein the ratio of the crystallite diameter as determined by the Measurement Method 2 according to the Rietveld method carried out under the conditions shown in Table 3 with respect to the mean powder particle diameter (D50) as determined by a laser diffraction/scattering-type particle size distribution measurement method is 0.03 to 0.13 and the crystallite diameter as determined by the Measurement Method 2 is 0.01 μ

m to 0.50 μ

m, and

wherein said mean powder particle diameter (D50) is 1.0 μ

m to 4.0 μ

m.