Aircraft windshield defogging/deicing system and method of use thereof

• US 7,928,345 B2
• Filed: 10/22/2004
• Issued: 04/19/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 10/22/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: PPG Industries Ohio Incorporated (Nouryon BV)
• Original Assignee: PPG Industries Ohio Incorporated (Nouryon BV)
• Inventors: Briggs, Michael D.
• Primary Examiner(s): Paschall; Mark H
• Application Number:
  US10/972,234
• Publication Number:
  US 20060086715A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,370 Days
• Field of Search: 219/488, 219/501, 219/497, 219/203, 219/495, 219/505, 219/507, 219/543, 219/548, 219/482, 323/369, 363/106, 363/109, 244/134.R, 244/134.D
• US Class Current: 219/488
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 17/10174 Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 17/10761 containing vinyl acetal
• CPC Class Codes: B64C 1/1476 Canopies; Windscreens or similar transparent elements
• CPC Class Codes: B64D 15/14 controlled cyclically along length of surface
• CPC Class Codes: B64D 15/22 Automatic initiation by icing detector
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 1/0236 for vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 2203/013 Heaters using resistive films or coatings
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 2203/035 Electrical circuits used in resistive heating apparatus
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 3/84 Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 3/86 the heating conductors being embedded in the transparent or reflecting material H05B3/845 takes precedence

Abstract

In an aircraft windshield defogging/deicing system, a pair of transparent sheets maintained in spaced facing relation by a transparent interlayer have a resistive coating positioned between the transparent sheets. An inverter is provided for applying to the resistive coating a square wave or quasi-square wave AC signal. In response to receiving this AC signal, the resistive coating generates heat, which reduces or avoids the accumulation of moisture or ice on the aircraft windshield.

Claims

1. An aircraft windshield defogging/deicing system comprising:

a pair of transparent sheets maintained in spaced facing relation by a transparent interlayer;

a resistive coating positioned between the pair of transparent sheets; and

an inverter for applying a square wave or quasi-square wave AC signal to the resistive coating;

, wherein;

the inverter includes inverting circuitry for inverting an input DC signal into the AC signal, and a controller responsive to the input DC signal for outputting to the inverter one or more control signals which cause the inverter to invert the input DC signal into the AC signal;

the AC signal is an AC voltage;

the DC signal is a DC voltage;

the DC voltage has avalue ranging from 24-32 volts DC; and

the AC voltage has a value ranging from 115-230 volts AC RMS.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the DC voltage is 28 volts DC and the AC voltage is 115 volts AC RMS.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein the coating is between the transparent interlayer and one of the pair of transparent sheets.

4. The system of claim 3, wherein the resistive coating is a transparent film that has been deposited on the one of the pair of transparent sheets.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein each one of the pair of transparent sheets is selected from glass and polycarbonate, and the interlayer is comprised of polyvinyl butyral.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the AC signal has at least one of the following properties:

a duty cycle ranging from 0%-100% over a 1 second time period and a frequency ranging from 25-1000 Hertz.

7. The system of claim 6, wherein the AC signal has a duty cycle ranging from 25%-75% over a 1 second time period.

8. The system of claim 1, further including a temperature sensor to monitor windshield temperature, wherein the AC signal has a duty cycle that varies in response to the windshield temperature.

9. The system of claim 1, wherein the inverter weighs no more than 8 lbs.

10. The system of claim 9, wherein the inverter weighs no more than 6 lbs.

11. The system of claim 1, further including a switch for selectively connecting the inverter to a DC power source.

12. The system of claim 11, wherein the DC power source is a DC generator that is driven by an internal combustion engine.

13. The system of claim 12, wherein the internal combustion engine is at least one of a jet engine and a reciprocating engine.

14. The system of claim 1, wherein the resistive coating has a resistivity of no greater than 50 ohms/square.

15. The system of claim 14, wherein the resistive coating has a resistivity of no greater than 25 ohms/square.

16. The system of claim 15, wherein the resistive coating has a resistivity of no greater than 10 ohms/square.

17. The system of claim 14, wherein the resistive coating is selected from indium tin oxide and tin oxide.

18. The system of claim 1, further including a temperature sensor to monitor windshield temperature, wherein the AC signal has a duty cycle that varies in response to the windshield temperature.

19. An aircraft windshield defogging/deicing system comprising:

a glass deicing coating formed along a first transparent sheet comprising the aircraft windshield;

inverter circuitry coupled to the glass deicing coating; and

a controller for causing the inverter circuitry to invert DC power into AC power having a square wave or quasi-square wave waveform, wherein the DC power is a DC voltage ranging from 24-32 volts DC, and the AC power is an AC voltage ranging from 115-230 volts AC RMS and having a duty cycle ranging from 0%-100% and a frequency between 25-1000 Hertz.

20. The system of claim 19, wherein the AC power has a duty cycle ranging from 25%-75% over a 1 second time period.

21. The system of claim 19, wherein the DC voltage is 28 volts DC and the AC voltage is 115 volts AC RMS.

22. The system of claim 19, wherein the AC power has at least one of the following properties:

a duty cycle ranging from 0%-100% over a 1 second time period and a frequency ranging from 25-1000 Hertz.

23. The system of claim 22, wherein the AC power has a duty cycle ranging from 25%-75% over a 1 second time period.

24. The system of claim 19, wherein the aircraft windshield further includes a second transparent sheet coupled to the first transparent sheet by a transparent interlayer.

25. The system of claim 24, wherein the glass deicing coating is positioned between the first transparent sheet and the transparent interlayer.

26. The system of claim 25, wherein each of the first and second transparent sheets is selected from a glass sheet and a polycarbonate sheet, and the transparent interlayer is comprised of polyvinyl butyral.

27. The system of claim 19, further including a temperature sensor to monitor windshield temperature, wherein the AC power has a duty cycle that varies in response to the windshield temperature.

28. The system of claim 19, wherein a source of the DC power is a DC generator, which is driven by an engine of the aircraft.

29. The system of claim 19, wherein the glass deicing coating is comprised of indium tin oxide or tin oxide.

30. The system of claim 19, wherein the glass deicing coating has a resistivity of no greater than 50 ohms/square.