Battery and methods with real time charge and discharge management
First Claim
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1. A method to manage charge of a rechargeable battery comprising at least one electrochemical cell having a predetermined maximum continuous charge current (IMR_C) allowed for given temperature and state of charge conditions, the method comprising the steps of:
- measuring in real time the battery current (I);
comparing in real time the battery current (I) to the predetermined maximum continuous charge current (IMR_C);
calculating dynamically an overcharge capacity (Cap),wherein the value of said overcharge capacity is increased whenever the battery current is less than the predetermined maximum continuous charge current (I<
IMR_C), andwherein the value of said overcharge capacity is decreased whenever the battery current is more than the predetermined maximum continuous charge current (I>
IMR_C);
determining in real time a value for an instantaneous maximum current allowed in charge (IMR) as a function of the calculated overcharge capacity,wherein the instantaneous maximum current allowed in charge is equal to the predetermined maximum continuous charge current (IMR_out1=IMR_C) whenever the calculated overcharge capacity is less or equal to zero (Cap≦
0), andwherein the instantaneous maximum current allowed in charge is more than the predetermined maximum continuous charge current (IMR_out1>
IMR_C) whenever the calculated overcharge capacity is more than zero (Cap>
0).
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Abstract
A method to manage charge and/or discharge of a rechargeable battery comprising at least one electrochemical cell having predetermined maximum continuous charge current (IMR_C) and/or discharge current (IMD_C) allowed, the method comprising the steps of:
- measuring an instantaneous charge current (I);
- defining an overcharge capacity (Cap);
- determining an instantaneous maximum current allowed in charge (IMR) as a function of the overcharge capacity; and/or
- defining an over thermal capacity (CapTh);
- determining an instantaneous maximum pulse current allowed in discharge (IMD_max) as a function of the over thermal capacity.
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Citations
24 Claims
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1. A method to manage charge of a rechargeable battery comprising at least one electrochemical cell having a predetermined maximum continuous charge current (IMR_C) allowed for given temperature and state of charge conditions, the method comprising the steps of:
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measuring in real time the battery current (I); comparing in real time the battery current (I) to the predetermined maximum continuous charge current (IMR_C); calculating dynamically an overcharge capacity (Cap), wherein the value of said overcharge capacity is increased whenever the battery current is less than the predetermined maximum continuous charge current (I<
IMR_C), andwherein the value of said overcharge capacity is decreased whenever the battery current is more than the predetermined maximum continuous charge current (I>
IMR_C);determining in real time a value for an instantaneous maximum current allowed in charge (IMR) as a function of the calculated overcharge capacity, wherein the instantaneous maximum current allowed in charge is equal to the predetermined maximum continuous charge current (IMR_out1=IMR_C) whenever the calculated overcharge capacity is less or equal to zero (Cap≦
0), andwherein the instantaneous maximum current allowed in charge is more than the predetermined maximum continuous charge current (IMR_out1>
IMR_C) whenever the calculated overcharge capacity is more than zero (Cap>
0). - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
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11. A method to manage discharge of a battery comprising at least one electrochemical cell having a predetermined maximum continuous discharge current (IMD_C) allowed for given temperature and state of charge conditions, the method comprising the steps of:
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measuring in real time the battery current (I); comparing in real time the battery current (I) to the predetermined maximum continuous discharge current (IMD_C); calculating dynamically an over thermal capacity (CapTh), wherein the value of said over thermal capacity is increased whenever the battery current is less than the predetermined maximum continuous discharge current (I<
IMD_C), andwherein the value of said over thermal capacity is decreased whenever the battery current is more than the predetermined maximum continuous discharge current (I>
IMD_C);determining in real time an instantaneous maximum current allowed in discharge (IMD_max) as a function of the calculated over thermal capacity, wherein the maximum current allowed in discharge is equal to the predetermined maximum continuous discharge current (IMD_max=IMD_C) whenever the calculated over thermal capacity is less or equal to zero (CapTh≦
0), andwherein the maximum current allowed in discharge is more than the predetermined maximum continuous discharge current (IMD_max>
IMD_C) whenever the calculated over thermal capacity is more than zero (CapTh>
0). - View Dependent Claims (12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18)
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19. A controller comprising a memory including a program that manages charge of a rechargeable battery comprising at least one electrochemical cell having a predetermined maximum continuous charge current allowed for given temperature and state of charge conditions, the program of the controller implementing the steps of:
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measuring in real time the battery current; comparing in real time the battery current to the predetermined maximum continuous charge current; calculating dynamically an overcharge capacity, wherein the value of said overcharge capacity is increased whenever the battery current is less than the predetermined maximum continuous charge current, and wherein the value of said overcharge capacity is decreased whenever the battery current is more than the predetermined maximum continuous charge current; determining in real time a first value of an instantaneous maximum current allowed in charge as a function of the calculated overcharge capacity, wherein the first value of instantaneous maximum current allowed in charge is equal to the predetermined maximum continuous charge current whenever the calculated overcharge capacity is less or equal to zero, and wherein the first value of instantaneous maximum current allowed in charge is more than the predetermined maximum continuous charge current whenever the calculated overcharge capacity is more than zero, wherein the controller limits in real time or provides information allowing to limit in real time the battery current to the determined first value of the maximum current allowed in charge. - View Dependent Claims (20, 21)
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22. A controller comprising a memory including a program that manages discharge of a rechargeable battery comprising at least one electrochemical cell having a predetermined maximum continuous discharge current (IMD_C) allowed for given temperature and state of charge conditions, the program of the controller implementing the steps of:
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measuring in real time the battery current; comparing in real time the battery current to the predetermined maximum continuous discharge current; calculating dynamically an over thermal capacity, wherein the value of said over thermal capacity is increased whenever the battery current is less than the predetermined maximum continuous discharge current, and wherein the value of said over thermal capacity is decreased whenever the battery current is more than the predetermined maximum continuous discharge current; determining in real time an instantaneous maximum current allowed in discharge as a function of the calculated over thermal capacity, wherein the maximum current allowed in discharge is equal to the predetermined maximum continuous discharge current whenever the calculated over thermal capacity is less or equal to zero, and wherein the maximum current allowed in discharge is more than the predetermined maximum continuous discharge current whenever the calculated over thermal capacity is more than zero, wherein the controller limits in real time or provides information allowing to limit in real time the battery current to the determined value of the maximum current allowed in discharge. - View Dependent Claims (23, 24)
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Specification