Collaborative authoring

• US 7,941,399 B2
• Filed: 11/09/2007
• Issued: 05/10/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 11/09/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Microsoft Technology Licensing LLC (Microsoft Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Microsoft Corporation
• Inventors: Clarke, Simon Peter, Robins, David Benjamin, Bose, Miko Arnab Sakhya Singha, Bernstein, Ethan Joseph, Antos, Christopher James, Sunderland, Edgar Mark, Simonds, Andrew Richard, Bailor, Jonathan Beckett, Jones, Brian Michael, Knight, Mark Rolland
• Primary Examiner(s): Wu; Yicun
• Assistant Examiner(s): Mamillapalli; Pavan
• Application Number:
  US11/938,082
• Publication Number:
  US 20090125518A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,278 Days
• Field of Search: 715/711, 707/608
• US Class Current: 707/608
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/1454 involving copying of the display data of a local workstation or window to a remote workstation or window so that an actual copy of the data is displayed simultaneously on two or more displays, e.g. teledisplay
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 40/166 Editing, e.g. inserting or deleting
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 40/169 Annotation, e.g. comment data or footnotes
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 10/10 Office automation; Time management
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/1813 for computer conferences, e.g. chat rooms instant messaging H04L51/04; protocols for multimedia communication H04L65/1101; arrangements for multi-party communication H04L65/403; telephonic conference arrangements H04M3/56; television conference systems H04N7/15
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 65/4015 where at least one of the additional parallel sessions is real time or time sensitive, e.g. white board sharing, collaboration or spawning of a subconference

Abstract

A collaborative authoring application provides an authoring environment in which two or more users can edit a document concurrently. Each user edits a copy of the document, sends updates to a master copy of the document, and receives updates from the master copy of the document. The authoring environment generally inhibits the users from providing conflicting editing instructions to the master copy of the document. For example, each user can generate a content lock about one or more data units within the document. The authoring environment may synchronize content locks automatically and content only at the request of the user.

Claims

1. A method of facilitating collaborative editing of a document between a first user at a first computing device and at least one other user, the method comprising:

accessing a user copy of the document at the first computing device including accessing content of the document and accessing metadata associated with the document, the content of the document being organized into units of data;

receiving metadata updates periodically from a storage device, the metadata updates including any locks on units of data of the document that are associated with the other user;

instantiating the received metadata updates automatically including storing the locks on the units of data of the document with the metadata associated with the document, wherein storing the locks with the metadata associated with the document prevents the first user from editing any units of data of the document that have locks associated with the other user;

receiving content updates periodically from the storage device, the content updates including any modifications made to the content of the document by the other user;

after receiving the content updates, determining whether instructions have been received from the first user to display the content updates to the first user;

when it is determined that instructions have been received from the first user to display the content updates to the first user, displaying the content updates to the first user based on a first user selection included in the instructions, the first user selection determining whether the content updates are to be annotated on the user copy of the document or whether the content updates are to be merged into the user copy of the document;

receiving at the first computing device an indication of editing of one of the units of data of the document by the first user;

transmitting a content update to the storage device indicating modifications made to the unit of data edited by the first user;

receiving instructions from the first user to transmit the content update to the storage device;

instantiating any content updates received previously from the storage device into the user copy of the document;

generating an upload copy of the document based on the user copy of the document including any instantiated content updates; and

transmitting the upload copy of the document to the storage device.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein accessing the user copy of the document at the first computing device comprises:

obtaining from the storage device a download copy of the document indicating a master state of the document;

generating a base copy and the user copy of the document based on the download copy;

downloading from the storage device the metadata associated with the document; and

storing the metadata on the first computing device.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving content updates periodically from the user computing device comprises retrieving a download copy of the document from the storage device, wherein the download copy indicates a master state of the document.

4. The method of claim 3, further comprising instantiating the received content updates only when instructed by the first user including merging the retrieved download copy of the document with the user copy of the document.

5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

updating the metadata stored on the first computing device to lock the unit of data being edited by the first user, wherein locking the unit of data associates the unit of data with the first user; and

transmitting to the storage device automatically a metadata update based on the updated metadata stored on the first computing device.

6. The method of claim 5, further comprising:

the content update to the storage device indicating modifications made to the unit of data edited by the first user being transmitted only when instructions to transmit the content update are received from the first user.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein receiving instructions from the first user to transmit the content update to the storage device comprises receiving instructions from the first user to store the document on the first computing device.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving metadata updates periodically from the storage device comprises receiving presence information indicating identities of other users that are selected from a group consisting of users accessing the document and users associated with locks stored in the metadata associated with the document.

9. An authoring environment implemented on a first computing device to enable coauthoring of a document among users, the first computing device being configured to communicate with at least a storage device, the collaborative authoring environment comprising:

a. cache configured to store a base copy of the document, a download copy of the document, an upload copy of the document, a working copy of the document, and a lock table;

b. an authoring application configured to manipulate the working copy of the document including manipulating content of the working copy and manipulating metadata of the working copy;

c. a layer object that provides an interface between the authoring application and the cache, the layer object being configured to update the lock table stored within the cache automatically with updated metadata when the authoring application manipulates the metadata of the working copy, the layer object also being configured to generate the upload copy of the document based on the working copy of the document when instructions to generate the upload copy are received from the authoring application, wherein the upload copy includes content updates obtained from the download copy of the document; and

d. a sync manager configured to manage interactions between the cache and the storage device, the sync manager being configured to push the updated metadata from the lock table to the storage device automatically and being configured to push the upload copy of the document from the cache to the storage device when instructions to provide the updates to the content are received from the authoring application, the sync manager configured to obtain any updated download copy periodically from the storage device and to store the updated download copy within the cache of the first computing device, the updated download copy including content updates generated by other users,

wherein, the authoring application is configured to receive instructions from a user of the authoring application to view any content updates contained in the updated download copy, the instructions including a user selection, the authoring application configured to display the content updates based on the user selection included in the instructions, the user selection determining whether the content updates are to be annotated on the working copy of the document or whether the content updates are to be merged into the working copy of the document, and

wherein the authoring application provides alerts indicating an updated download copy is available for viewing at the first computing device.

10. The authoring environment of claim 9, wherein the authoring application includes a word processing application.

11. A computer readable storage medium storing computer executable instructions, which perform a method of authoring a document when executed by a computing device, the method comprising:

receiving at a first authoring application instructions to manipulate a first unit of data of a document being edited by the first authoring application, the first authoring application being utilized by a first user and being implemented on a first computing device;

generating a content lock on the first unit of data automatically after receiving the instructions to manipulate by associating the first unit of data with the first user in a lock table, the lock table being accessible to a plurality of other authoring applications, wherein only the first user can manipulate the first unit of data when the first unit of data has the content lock;

manipulating the first unit of data of the document with the first authoring application in accordance with the instructions to manipulate;

releasing the content lock on the first unit of data only when instructions to release the content lock are provided to the first authoring application by the first user, wherein releasing the content lock includes disassociating the first unit of data from the first user in the lock table;

receiving at the first authoring application content updates, the content updates including any modifications made to the content of the document by a second user;

after receiving the content updates, determining whether instructions have been received from the first user to display the content updates to the first user;

when it is determined that instructions have been received from the first user to display the content updates to the first user, displaying the content updates based on a user selection included in the instructions, the user selection determining whether the content updates are to be annotated on the document or whether the content updates are to be merged into the document;

expanding the content lock to encompass additional units of data when instructions from the first user to manipulate the additional units of data are received by the first authoring application, wherein expanding the content lock includes associating the additional units of data with the first user in the lock table; and

transmitting automatically any lock updates to the lock table.

12. The computer readable storage medium of claim 11, wherein releasing the lock on the first unit of data comprises releasing the lock on the first unit of data when the first user provides to the first authoring application an indication that the first user has finalized edits to the first unit of data.

13. The computer readable storage medium of claim 11, wherein the lock table is stored on a remote storage device accessible by the other authoring applications.

14. The computer readable storage medium of claim 11, further comprising:

retrieving updates to the lock table from the storage device, the updates to the lock table having been made by at least one of the other users;

instantiating the updates to the lock table into the document automatically.

15. A computer readable storage medium storing computer executable instructions, which perform a method of authoring a document when executed by a computing device, the method comprising:

receiving at a first authoring application instructions to manipulate a first unit of data of a document being edited by the first authoring application, the first authoring application being utilized by a first user and being implemented on a first computing device;

manipulating the first unit of data of the document with the first authoring application in accordance with the instructions to manipulate;

receiving at the first authoring application content updates, the content updates including any modifications made to the content of the document by a second user;

after receiving the content updates, determining whether to display the content updates to the first user; and

in response to determining whether to display the content updates to the first user, displaying the content updates based on a user selection, the user selection determining whether the content updates are to be annotated on the document or whether the content updates are to be merged into the document,

wherein receiving content updates comprises retrieving a download copy of the document, wherein the download copy indicates a master state of the document.

16. The computer readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the authoring application provides alerts indicating an updated download copy is available for viewing at the first computing device.

17. The computer readable storage medium of claim 15, further comprising instantiating the content updates only when instructed by the first user including merging the retrieved download copy of the document with the user copy of the document.