Systems and methods for automatically optimizing stimulus parameters and electrode configurations for neuro-stimulators

• US 7,945,330 B2
• Filed: 10/02/2008
• Issued: 05/17/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 07/13/2000
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Advanced Neuromodulation Systems Incorporated (Abbott Laboratories Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: Advanced Neuromodulation Systems Incorporated (Abbott Laboratories Incorporated)
• Inventors: Balzer, Jeffrey, Firlik, Andrew D., Gliner, Bradford Evan
• Primary Examiner(s): Getzow; Scott M
• Assistant Examiner(s): Dietrich; Joseph M
• Application Number:
  US12/244,610
• Publication Number:
  US 20090093862A1
• Time in Patent Office: 957 Days
• Field of Search: 607/45, 607/46
• US Class Current: 607/45
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/0531 Brain cortex electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/0534 Electrodes for deep brain stimulation
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/0551 Spinal or peripheral nerve electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/0553 Paddle shaped electrodes, e.g. for laminotomy
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36021 for treatment of pain
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36025 for treating a mental or cerebral condition
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36071 Pain
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36082 Cognitive or psychiatric applications, e.g. dementia or Alzheimer's disease
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36185 Selection of the electrode configuration
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3756 Casings with electrodes thereon, e.g. leadless stimulators

Abstract

Methods and devices for automatically optimizing the stimulus parameters and/or the configuration of electrodes to provide neural stimulation to a patient. In one embodiment, a system includes an electrode array having an implantable support member configured to be implanted into a patient and a plurality of therapy electrodes carried by the support member. The system can also have a pulse system operatively coupled to the therapy electrodes to deliver a stimulus to the therapy electrodes, and a sensing device configured to be attached to a sensing location of the patient. The sensing device generates response signals in response to the stimulus. The system can also include a controller operatively, coupled to the pulse system and to the sensing device. The controller includes a computer operable medium that generates command signals that define the stimulus delivered by the pulse system, evaluates the response signals from the sensing device, and determines a desired configuration for the therapy electrodes and/or a desired stimulus to be delivered to the therapy electrodes.

Claims

1. A method for treating a patient, comprising:

addressing at least one of patient pain and depression by applying an electrical stimulus having a plurality of stimulus parameters to a selected configuration of therapy electrodes that have been installed at a target therapy site of the central nervous system of the patient, wherein applying the electrical stimulus includes applying the electrical stimulus at a sub-threshold current intensity level relative to a threshold level for neurons at the target therapy site;

identifying a change in a sensed parameter via MR spectroscopy;

selecting an alternate configuration of therapy electrodes and/or an alternate electrical stimulus based at least in part on the change in the sensed parameter identified via MR spectroscopy, wherein the alternate electrical stimulus includes decreasing the sub-threshold current intensity to a lower level;

applying a further electrical stimulus to the patient in accordance with the alternate configuration of therapy electrodes and/or an alternate electrical stimulus, and

determining whether the application of the alternate electrical stimulus further decreased the membrane activation threshold for the population of neurons.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein identifying a change in a sensed parameter includes identifying a change in a sensed parameter that corresponds to a shift in the target therapy site.

3. The method of claim 1, further comprising repeating (a) decreasing the sub-threshold current intensity to a lower level, (b) re-applying the decreased sub-threshold stimulus with the lower current intensity to the neurons, and (c) further determining whether the application of the decreased sub-threshold current intensity further decreased the membrane activation threshold for the population of neurons until the membrane activation threshold by or to a selected level.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein applying a sub-threshold electrical stimulus includes applying the electrical stimulus from a location within the patients skull, external to a cortical surface of the patient'"'"'s brain.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein applying an electrical stimulus includes applying an electrical stimulus at a sub-cortical location.

6. The method of claim 1 wherein applying an electrical stimulus includes applying an electrical stimulus to a deep brain location.