Pharmaceutical distribution systems and methods

• US 7,945,455 B2
• Filed: 01/30/2008
• Issued: 05/17/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 01/30/2008
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Cardinal Health Technologies, LLC (Cardinal Health, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Cardinal Health Technologies, LLC (Cardinal Health, Inc.)
• Inventors: Zimmermann, Halden
• Primary Examiner(s): O'Connor; Gerald J.
• Assistant Examiner(s): PAULSON, SHEETAL R.
• Application Number:
  US12/022,873
• Publication Number:
  US 20090192819A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,203 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 705/2
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 10/08 Logistics, e.g. warehousing, loading or distribution; Inventory or stock management
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 10/087 Inventory or stock management, e.g. order filling, procurement or balancing against orders
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 20/10 relating to drugs or medications, e.g. for ensuring correct administration to patients

Abstract

A method of distributing pharmaceutical items from a primary distributor to a secondary seller. A request for pharmaceutical items is received by the primary distributor from the secondary seller. Shelving information indicative of a sequential arrangement of pharmaceutical items along the secondary seller'"'"'s shelving system is reviewed. A mobile cart having a plurality of compartments is provided, and a sequential order to the plurality of compartments is designated. Based upon the request, the shelving information, and the compartment order, a compartment assignment plan is generated that assigns the requested pharmaceutical items to respective compartments in an order corresponding with the sequential arrangement of the shelving system. The compartments are then loaded in accordance with the compartment assignment plan, and delivered to the secondary seller.

Claims

1. A computer-assisted method of distributing pharmaceutical items from a primary distributor to a secondary seller of pharmaceuticals, the computer comprising a processor, the method comprising:

maintaining an inventory of pharmaceutical items at the primary distributor;

receiving a request from the secondary seller to the primary distributor for a plurality of different pharmaceutical items;

reviewing, via the processor, shelving information indicative of a sequential arrangement of pharmaceutical items along a shelving system maintained by the secondary seller;

providing a mobile cart having a plurality of compartments;

designating a sequential order to the plurality of compartments;

creating a compartment assignment plan based upon the request, the shelving information, and the designated sequential order of compartments, wherein the compartment assignment plan assigns all of the requested pharmaceutical items to individual compartments in an order corresponding with the sequential arrangement of the requested pharmaceutical items along the shelving system;

loading the compartments with the requested pharmaceutical items from the inventory of the primary distributor in accordance with the compartment assignment plan; and

delivering the loaded cart to the secondary seller.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the mobile cart is not an individual pharmaceutical item-containing tote.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the request includes a request for a quantity of a first pharmaceutical item, a quantity of a second pharmaceutical item, and a quantity of a third pharmaceutical item, and further wherein the sequential arrangement of pharmaceutical items along the shelving system includes the first pharmaceutical item sequentially located between the second pharmaceutical item and the third pharmaceutical item, and even further wherein creating a compartment assignment plan includes assigning the first pharmaceutical item to a compartment sequentially located between a compartment assigned for the second pharmaceutical item and a compartment assigned for the third pharmaceutical item.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein reviewing shelving information includes electronically receiving the shelving information by the primary distributor from the secondary seller.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein reviewing shelving information includes the primary distributor maintaining an electronic database of shelving information for a plurality of different secondary sellers.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the shelving system of the secondary seller includes a first line of shelves and a second line of shelves each extending between first and second ends, respectively, and further wherein the shelving information indicates a sequential order of all pharmaceutical items maintained along the first line, beginning with the pharmaceutical item maintained at the first end of the first line and ending with the pharmaceutical item maintained at the second end of the first line.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the shelving information includes a sequential order of all pharmaceutical items maintained along the second line, beginning with the pharmaceutical item maintained at the first end of the second line and ending with the pharmaceutical item maintained at the second end of the second line.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the shelving information includes an indication of an expected travel path relating to whether the mobile cart will be moved from the second end of the first line to the first end of the second line when the cart is unloaded at the secondary seller.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein the compartment assignment plan sequentially assigns a pharmaceutical item to be located on the first line of shelves to a compartment that is sequentially before a compartment assigned to contain the pharmaceutical item to be located on the second line of shelves.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein the compartments are arranged in an array including a top row of compartments and a second row of compartments immediately below the top row, each of the rows of compartments including a first compartment at a left side of the row and a last compartment at a right side of the row, and further wherein designating the sequential row of compartments includes:

designating the first compartment of the first row as being compartment C₁;

designating the last compartment of the first row as being compartment C_x; and

designating the first compartment of the second row as being compartment C_x+1 .

11. The method of claim 1, wherein the compartment assignment plan is electronically created.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein creating the compartment assignment plan includes printing a paper copy of the compartment assignment plan.

13. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

closing each of the compartments prior to delivering the loaded cart to the secondary seller.

14. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

unloading the pharmaceutical items from the compartments to the shelving system while moving the cart along the shelving system in a single direction.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein unloading the loaded pharmaceutical items includes:

unloading the compartments sequentially.

16. The method of claim 1, wherein the compartment assignment plan is a first compartment assignment plan, the method further comprising:

receiving a second request from the secondary seller for pharmaceutical items; and

creating a second compartment assignment plan based upon the second request, the shelving information, and the designated sequential order of compartments;

wherein the second compartment assignment plan differs from the first compartment assignment plan; and

loading a second cart in accordance with the second compartment assignment plan.

17. The method of claim 1, wherein the compartment assignment plan is a first compartment assignment plan, the method further comprising:

receiving a second request from a second secondary seller to the primary distributor for different pharmaceutical items;

receiving second shelving information indicative of a sequential arrangement of pharmaceutical items along a shelving system maintained by the second secondary seller;

creating a second compartment assignment plan based upon the second request, the second shelving information and the designated sequential order of compartments;

wherein the second compartment assignment plan differs from the first compartment assignment plan; and

loading a second cart in accordance with the second compartment assignment plan.

18. The method of claim 1, wherein the cart defines a first side and a second side, the plurality of compartments including a first set of compartments accessible via the first side and a second set of compartments accessible via the second side, and further wherein the designated sequential order of compartments includes:

designating the first compartment of the first set as compartment C₁;

designating the last compartment of the first set as compartment C_n; and

designating the first compartment of the second set as compartment C_n+1.

19. The method of claim 1, wherein the cart defines a first side and a second side, the plurality of compartments including a first set of compartments accessible via the first side and a second set of compartments accessible via the second side, and further wherein the shelving system includes a first line of shelves and a second line of shelves, the first and second lines facing one another and separated by an aisle, and even further wherein creating a compartment assignment plan includes:

assigning requested pharmaceutical items to be located along the first line of

shelves to the first set of compartments; and

assigning requested pharmaceutical items to be located along the second line of shelves to the second set of compartments.

20. The method of claim 1, wherein creating a compartment assignment plan includes:

determining that a second cart is required to deliver all the requested pharmaceutical items to the secondary seller;

generating a first cart compartment assignment plan that assigns pharmaceutical items to all of the compartments of the first cart; and

generating a second cart compartment assignment plan that assigns requested pharmaceutical items not otherwise assigned by the first cart compartment assignment plan to compartments of the second cart.

21. The method of claim 1, wherein the pharmaceutical item request includes a request for a first pharmaceutical item in a first format and a request for the first pharmaceutical item in a second format, and further wherein the sequential arrangement of pharmaceutical items along the shelving system includes the first format of the first pharmaceutical item being sequentially before the second format of the first pharmaceutical item, even further wherein creating a compartment assignment plan includes:

assigning the first pharmaceutical item in the first format to a compartment sequentially arranged before a compartment to which the first pharmaceutical item in the second format is assigned.

22. The method of claim 1, wherein the reviewed shelving information indicates sequential arrangement of pharmaceutical items along the shelving system both vertically and horizontally relative to one another.

23. The method of claim 1, wherein the secondary seller is a retail pharmacy.

24. A system for warehousing and distributing pharmaceutical items, the system comprising:

a warehouse maintaining an inventory of a plurality of pharmaceutical items;

at least one mobile cart having a plurality of compartments; and

a computer programmed to;

receive a request from a secondary seller for different pharmaceutical items,

review shelving information indicative of a sequential arrangement of pharmaceutical items along a shelving system maintained by the secondary seller,

designate a sequential order to the plurality of compartments of the at least one cart,

create a compartment assignment plan based upon the request, the shelving information, and the designated sequential order of compartments, wherein the compartment assignment plan assigns all of the requested pharmaceutical items to individual compartments in an order corresponding with the sequential arrangement of the shelving system;

wherein upon creation of the compartment assignment plan, the system promotes loading of the cart with the requested pharmaceutical items by reference to the compartment assignment plan for delivery to the secondary seller.