Multicast query propagation scheme for a peer-to-peer (P2P) network

• US 7,953,083 B1
• Filed: 12/12/2006
• Issued: 05/31/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 12/12/2006
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Qurio Holdings Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Qurio Holdings Incorporated
• Inventors: Kandekar, Kunal, Walsh, Richard J., Evans, James
• Primary Examiner(s): Shah; Chirag G
• Assistant Examiner(s): YOUNG, STEVE R
• Application Number:
  US11/609,514
• Time in Patent Office: 1,631 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 370/390
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/1886 with traffic restrictions for efficiency improvement, e.g. involving subnets or subdomains
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/104 Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/1068 Discovery involving direct consultation or announcement among potential requesting and potential source peers
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/1072 Discovery involving ranked list compilation of candidate peers
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/1089 Hierarchical topologies
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/1093 Some peer nodes performing special functions
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/303 Terminal profiles
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/5651 Reducing the amount or size of exchanged application data
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/566 Grouping or aggregating service requests, e.g. for unified processing

Abstract

A multicast query propagation scheme for a Peer-to-Peer (P2P) network is provided. A number of first level (L1) peer nodes are associated with a second level (L2) peer node to form an L1 peer group. The L2 peer node operates as a super peer node for the L1 peer group and allocates two Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) channels operating as a control and query channel for the L1 peer group. Similarly, a number of other L1 peer groups are formed. An L2 peer group is formed by a third level (L3) peer node and the L2 peer nodes. The L3 peer node operates as a super peer node for the L3 peer group and allocates two SSM channels operating as a control and query channel for the L2 peer group. Using the control and query channels of the L1 and L2 peer groups, queries are propagated throughout the P2P network.

Claims

1. A second level (L2) peer node operating as a super peer node for a plurality of first level (L1) peer nodes in a Peer-to-Peer (P2P) network comprising:

a communication interface communicatively coupling the L2 peer node to a network; and

a control system associated with the communication interface and configured to;

provide a first query multicast channel, wherein the L2 peer node and the plurality of L1 peer nodes associated with the L2 peer node are subscribed to the first query multicast channel in order to propagate queries throughout the P2P network;

receive a query from a querying peer node of the plurality of L1 peer nodes via the first query multicast channel;

multicast the query to a plurality of other L2 peer nodes in the P2P network via a second query multicast channel;

provide a first control multicast channel to which the plurality of L1 peer nodes are subscribed, the first control multicast channel being a SSM channel having the L2 peer node as a permissible source;

multicast a list of permissible sources able to use the first query multicast channel to the plurality of L1 peer nodes via the first control multicast channel, the list of permissible sources comprising at least one of the plurality of L1 peer nodes including the querying peer node, wherein the L2 peer node bases the list on activities of ones of the plurality of L1 peer nodes;

receive responses to the query directly from ones of pluralities of L1 peer nodes associated with the plurality of other L2 peer nodes;

aggregate the responses to the query from the ones of the pluralities of L1 peer nodes to provide an aggregate response, wherein aggregating includes filtering the responses based on system characteristics of the ones of pluralities of L1 peer nodes; and

provide the aggregate response to the querying peer node.

2. The L2 peer node of claim 1 wherein the first query multicast channel is a Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) channel.

3. The L2 peer node of claim 2 wherein the second query multicast channel is a SSM channel provided by a third level (L3) peer node, and the control system is further adapted to:

subscribe to a second control multicast channel provided by the L3 peer node, the second control multicast channel being an SSM channel having the L3 peer node as a permissible source; and

receive a list of permissible sources for the second query multicast channel from the L3 peer node via the second control multicast channel.

4. The L2 peer node of claim 3 wherein the L3 peer node is a select one of the plurality of other L2 peer nodes.

5. The L2 peer node of claim 2 wherein the control system is further adapted to:

monitor queries from the plurality of L1 peer nodes based on at least one criterion to identify ones of the plurality of L1 peer nodes to remove from the list of permissible sources for the first query multicast channel;

remove the ones of the plurality of L1 peer nodes from the list of permissible sources for the first query multicast channel to provide an updated list of permissible sources; and

multicast the updated list of permissible sources for the first query multicast channel to the plurality of L1 peer nodes via the first control multicast channel.

6. The L2 peer node of claim 1 wherein the control system is further adapted to receive responses to the query from ones of the plurality of other L2 peer nodes and aggregate the responses from the ones of the pluralities of L1 peer nodes and the ones of the plurality of other L2 peer nodes to provide the aggregate response.

7. The L2 peer node of claim 1 wherein in order to provide the aggregate response to the querying peer node, the control system is further adapted to multicast the aggregate response via the first query multicast channel.

8. The L2 peer node of claim 1 wherein the control system is further adapted to:

receive responses to the query from the plurality of other L2 peer nodes, the responses including responses from the ones of pluralities of L1 peer nodes associated with the plurality of other L2 peer nodes;

aggregate the responses to the query from the plurality of other L2 peer nodes to provide an aggregate response; and

provide the aggregate response to the query from the plurality of other L2 peer nodes to the querying peer node.

9. The L2 peer node of claim 8 wherein the control system is further adapted to receive the responses to the query from the plurality of other L2 peer nodes via the second query multicast channel.

10. The L2 peer node of claim 8 wherein in order to provide the aggregate response to the querying peer node, the control system is further adapted to multicast the aggregate response via the first query multicast channel.

11. The L2 peer node of claim 1 wherein the control system is further adapted to:

receive a second query from one of the plurality of other L2 peer nodes via the second query multicast channel, the second query originating from one of a second plurality of L1 peer nodes associated with the one of the plurality of other L2 peer nodes; and

multicast the second query to the plurality of L1 peer nodes via the first query multicast channel.

12. The L2 peer node of claim 11 wherein the control system is further adapted to:

receive responses to the second query from ones of the plurality of L1 peer nodes;

aggregate the responses to the second query from the ones of the plurality of L1 peer nodes to provide an aggregate response; and

provide the aggregate response to the one of the plurality of other L2 peer nodes.

13. The L2 peer node of claim 12 wherein the control system is further adapted to provide the aggregate response to the one of the plurality of other L2 peer nodes via the second query multicast channel.

14. The L2 peer node of claim 11 wherein the control system is further adapted to:

receive responses to the second query from ones of the plurality of L1 peer nodes;

aggregate the responses to the second query from the ones of the plurality of L1 peer nodes to provide an aggregate response; and

provide the aggregate response directly to the one of the second plurality of L1 peer nodes.

15. A Peer-to-Peer (P2P) network comprising:

a) a first level one (L1) peer group comprising;

i) a first level two (L2) peer node operating as a super peer node for the first L1 peer group and subscribing to a first query multicast channel and a L2 query multicast channel; and

ii) a first plurality of L1 peer nodes associated with the first L2 peer node and subscribing to the first query multicast channel, wherein the first L2 peer node is configured to;

1. provide a first control multicast channel to which the first plurality of L1 peer nodes are subscribed, the first control multicast channel being a SSM channel having the first L2 peer node as a permissible source; and

2. multicast a list of permissible sources able to use the first query multicast channel to the first plurality of L1 peer nodes via the first control multicast channel, the list of permissible sources comprising at least one of the first plurality of L1 peer nodes including the one of the first plurality of L1 peer nodes, wherein the first L2 peer node bases the list on activities of ones of the first plurality of L1 peer nodes; and

b) a second L1 peer group comprising;

i) a second L2 peer node operating as a super peer node for the second L1 peer group and subscribing to a second query multicast channel and the L2 query multicast channel; and

ii) a second plurality of L1 peer nodes associated with the second L2 peer node and subscribing to the second query multicast channel; and

wherein in order to propagate a query throughout the P2P network;

one of the first plurality of L1 peer nodes is further adapted to multicast the query to others of the first plurality of L1 peer nodes and the first L2 peer node via the first query multicast channel;

the first L2 peer node is further adapted to multicast the query to the second L2 peer node via the L2 query multicast channel;

the second L2 peer node is further adapted to multicast the query to the second plurality of L1 peer nodes via the second query multicast channel, wherein the others of the first plurality of L1 peer nodes are adapted to provide a response to the query directly to the first L2 peer node; and

the first L2 peer node is further configured to aggregate the responses from the others of the first plurality of L1 peer nodes to provide an aggregate response and provide the aggregate response to the one of the first plurality of L1 peer nodes, wherein providing the aggregate response includes filtering the responses based on system characteristics of the others of the first plurality of L1 peer nodes.

16. The P2P network of claim 15 wherein the first query multicast channel, the second query multicast channel, and the L2 query multicast channel are Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) channels.

17. The P2P network of claim 15 wherein:

the second L2 peer node is further adapted to;

provide a second control multicast channel to which the second plurality of L1 peer nodes are subscribed, the second control multicast channel being a SSM channel having the second L2 peer node as a permissible source; and

multicast a list of permissible sources for the second query multicast channel to the second plurality of L1 peer nodes via the second control multicast channel, the list of permissible sources comprising at least one of the second plurality of L1 peer nodes.

18. The P2P network of claim 17 further comprising a level three (L3) peer node subscribing to the L2 query multicast channel and adapted to:

provide an L2 control multicast channel to which the first L2 peer node and the second L2 peer node are subscribed, the L2 control multicast channel being a SSM channel having the L3 peer node as a permissible source; and

multicast a list of permissible sources for the L2 query multicast channel to the first L2 peer node and the second L2 peer node via the L2 control multicast channel, the list of permissible sources comprising at least the first L2 peer node.

19. The P2P network of claim 15 wherein the others of the first plurality of L1 peer nodes and the second plurality of L1 peer nodes are further adapted to provide responses to the query directly to the one of the first plurality of L1 peer nodes.

20. The P2P network of claim 16 wherein:

each of the second plurality of L1 peer nodes is further adapted to provide a response to the query directly to the first L2 peer node; and

the first L2 peer node is further adapted to aggregate the responses from the second plurality of L1 peer nodes to provide an aggregate response, and provide the aggregate response to the one of the first plurality of L1 peer nodes.

21. The P2P network of claim 15 wherein:

each of the second plurality of L1 peer nodes is further adapted to provide a response to the query to the second L2 peer node;

the second L2 peer node is further adapted to provide the responses from the second plurality of L1 peer nodes to the first L2 peer node; and

the first L2 peer node is further adapted to provide the responses from the second L2 peer node to the one of the first plurality of L1 peer nodes.

22. A second level (L2) peer node operating as a super peer node for a plurality of first level (L1) peer nodes in a Peer-to-Peer (P2P) network comprising:

a communication interface communicatively coupling the L2 peer node to a network; and

a control system associated with the communication interface and configured to;

provide a first query multicast channel, wherein the L2 peer node and the plurality of L1 peer nodes associated with the L2 peer node are subscribed to the first query multicast channel in order to propagate queries throughout the P2P network;

receive a query from a querying peer node of the plurality of L1 peer nodes via the first query multicast channel;

multicast the query to a plurality of other L2 peer nodes in the P2P network via a second query multicast channel;

determine if the querying peer node is a source of an excessive number of queries;

throttle additional queries from the querying peer node if the querying peer node is a source of an excessive number of queries;

provide a first control multicast channel to which the plurality of L1 peer nodes are subscribed, the first control multicast channel being a SSM channel having the L2 peer node as a permissible source;

multicast a list of permissible sources able to use the first query multicast channel to the plurality of L1 peer nodes via the first control multicast channel, the list of permissible sources comprising at least one of the plurality of L1 peer nodes including the querying peer node, wherein the L2 peer node bases the list on activities of ones of the plurality of L1 Peer nodes.