Method and system for determining the location of a medical instrument relative to a body structure

• US 7,962,196 B2
• Filed: 08/02/2007
• Issued: 06/14/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 08/11/2006
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Smith & Nephew Incorporated (Smith & Nephew PLC), Smith & Nephew Orthopaedics Ag (Smith & Nephew PLC), Smith & Nephew Pte. Limited (Smith & Nephew PLC)
• Original Assignee: Brainlab AG
• Inventors: Tuma, Gregor
• Primary Examiner(s): Le; Long V
• Assistant Examiner(s): HOFFA, ANGELA MARIE
• Application Number:
  US11/832,731
• Publication Number:
  US 20080039716A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,412 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 600/424
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1604 Chisels; Rongeurs; Punches; Stamps
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/2055 Optical tracking systems
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/2068 using pointers, e.g. pointers having reference marks for determining coordinates of body points
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 34/10 Computer-aided planning, simulation or modelling of surgical operations
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 34/20 Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 90/36 Image-producing devices or illumination devices not otherwise provided for

Abstract

A method for determining a location of an object relative to a body structure includes: providing a location of a first part of the object relative to a second part of the object, said second part different from said first part; attaching a marker device to the body structure; detecting a location of the marker device relative to the body structure; positioning the object relative to the body structure; detecting a location of the first part of the object relative to the marker device; and calculating a relative location of the second part of the object relative to the location of the body structure based on the location of the first part relative to the second part, the location of the marker device relative to the body structure, and the location of the first part relative to the marker array.

Claims

1. A method for determining a location of an object relative to a body structure, comprising:

a) providing a location of a first point or first plane corresponding to a first part of the object relative to a second point or second plane corresponding to a second part of the object, said second part different from said first part;

b) attaching a body marker device to the body structure;

c) detecting a location of the body marker device relative to the body structure;

d) positioning the object relative to the body structure;

e) detecting a location of the first point or first plane relative to the body marker device, said detecting performed without using a marker array attached to the object; and

f) calculating a relative location of the second part of the object relative to the location of the body structure based on the location of the first point or first plane relative to the second point or second plane, the location of the body marker device relative to the body structure, and the location of the first point or first plane relative to the body marker device.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the object is a medical instrument at least partially situated inside the body structure.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein providing the location of the first point or first plane relative to the second point or second plane includes measuring the location of the first point or first plane relative to the second point or second plane.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the object comprises at least a first element and a second element, wherein the first part is a part of the first element, and the second part is a part of the second element.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the second element is removably attachable to the first element such that a relative location between the first part and the second part is known prior to attachment of the second element to the first element.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein detecting a location of the first point or first plane relative to the body marker device includes optically detecting a location of the first point or first plane relative to the body marker device.

7. A system for determining a location of an object relative to a body structure, comprising:

a) a device for providing a location of a first point or first plane corresponding to a first part of the object relative to a second point or second plane corresponding to a second part of the object, said second part different from the first part;

b) a body marker device;

c) a first detection device for detecting a location of the body marker device relative to the body structure when the body marker device is stationary relative to the body structure;

d) a second detection device for detecting a location of the first point or first plane relative to the body marker device; and

e) a computational unit configured to calculate, without using a marker device attached to the object, a location of the second part of the object relative to the location of the body structure, said calculation based on the location of the first point or first plane relative to the second point or second plane, the location of the body marker device relative to the body structure, and the location of the first point or first plane relative to the marker device.

8. The system according to claim 7, wherein the device for providing the location of the first point or first plane relative to the second point or second plane comprises a storage device, and the location of the first point or first plane relative to the second point or second plane is stored on the storage device.

9. The system according to claim 7, wherein the object comprises at least a first element and a second element, wherein the first part is a part of the first element, and the second part is a part of the second element.

10. The system according to claim 9, wherein the second element is removably attachable to the first element such that a relative location between the first part and the second part is always the same.

11. The system according to claim 7, wherein the body marker device is configured to be attachable to the body structure.

12. The system according to claim 7, wherein the object comprises an identifier corresponding to the first point or first plane for applying a scanning device onto the object.

13. The system according to claim 7, wherein the device for providing a location of a first point or first plane relative to a second point or second plane comprises a memory operative to store the location of the first point or first plane relative to the second point or second plane of the object.

14. The system according to claim 7, wherein the device for providing a location of a first point or first plane relative to a second point or second plane comprises a measuring device operative to measure the location of the first point or first plane relative to the second point or second plane.

15. The system according to claim 7, further comprising a camera system configured to optically detect a location of the device for providing a location of the first point or first plane relative to the second point or second plane.

16. A computer program embodied on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium for determining a location of an object relative to a body structure, wherein a body marker device is attached to the body structure, and said object is positioned relative to the body structure;

comprising;

code that provides a location of a first point or first plane corresponding to a first part of the object relative to a second point or second plane corresponding to a second part of the object, said second part different from said first part;

code that detects a location of the body marker device relative to the body structure;

code that detects a location of the first point or first plane relative to the marker device; and

code that calculates, without using a marker device attached to the object, a relative location of the second part of the object relative to the location of the body structure, said calculation based on the location of the first point or first plane relative to the second point or second plane, the location of the marker device relative to the body structure, and the location of the first point or first plane relative to the marker device.