Upstream channel bonding in a cable communications system

• US 7,970,010 B2
• Filed: 12/12/2005
• Issued: 06/28/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 12/10/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Avago Technologies International Sales Pte Limited (Broadcom, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Broadcom Corporation (Broadcom, Inc.)
• Inventors: Hollums, A. Scott, Denney, Lisa Voigt, Horton, John Daniel Jr., Hou, Victor T., Pantelias, Niki Roberta, Pullen, David Michael
• Primary Examiner(s): LY, ANH VU H
• Application Number:
  US11/298,451
• Publication Number:
  US 20060126506A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,024 Days
• Field of Search: 377/468
• US Class Current: 370/468
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 3/1694 Allocation of channels in TDM/TDMA networks, e.g. distributed multiplexers Passive Optical Networks H04Q11/0062
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/2801 Broadband local area networks
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/00 Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/245 Link aggregation, e.g. trunking
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/10 Flow control; Congestion control
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/125 by balancing the load, e.g. traffic engineering
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/35 by embedding flow control information in regular packets, e.g. piggybacking
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/43 Assembling or disassembling of packets, e.g. segmentation and reassembly [SAR]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/431 using padding or de-padding
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/90 Buffering arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/9094 Arrangements for simultaneous transmit and receive, e.g. simultaneous reading/writing from/to the storage element
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/6168 involving cable transmission, e.g. using a cable modem
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 7/17309 Transmission or handling of upstream communications
• CPC Class Codes: Y02D 30/50 in wire-line communication networks, e.g. low power modes or reduced link rate

Abstract

A method for increasing upstream bandwidth per cable modem user in a cable communications system that includes a cable modem termination system (CMTS) and a plurality of cable modems is provided. The method permits a cable modem to transmit data to the CMTS on multiple upstream channels simultaneously using a technique called “channel bonding.” Channel bonding allows smaller bandwidth upstream channels to be bonded together to create a larger bandwidth pipe.

Claims

1. A cable modem termination system (CMTS) for communicating with a plurality of cable modems residing on a network, including a first cable modem that supports upstream channel bonding and a second cable modem that does not support upstream channel bonding, the CMTS comprising:

an upstream physical interface comprising one or more upstream demodulators;

a downstream physical interface comprising one or more downstream modulators;

a media access control (MAC) that receives upstream transmissions from the upstream physical interface and provides downstream transmissions to the downstream physical interface;

wherein the MAC generates a first map message that defines a bandwidth grant across a plurality of upstream channels in a bonded channel group and a second map message that defines a bandwidth grant for a single upstream channel, and

wherein the downstream physical interface transmits both the first and second map messages to both the first and second cable modems.

2. The CMTS of claim 1, wherein the first map message comprises a multichannel allocation (MCA) structure that includes a plurality of bandwidth allocations to a particular service identifier (SID).

3. The CMTS of claim 2, wherein the bandwidth allocations include time-defining allocations to at least one of data regions, request regions, and ranging regions of the MCA structure.

4. The CMTS of claim 3, wherein an allocation of contiguous minislots using a specific interval usage code (IUC) comprises a segment, and wherein the MCA structure defines a start time and a duration for the segment.

5. The CMTS of claim 1, wherein the first map message includes a plurality of bonded information elements (BIE), and wherein each BIE comprises a bandwidth allocation on one of the plurality of upstream channels in the bonded channel group for a particular period of time and set of physical layer parameters.

6. The CMTS of claim 5, wherein the first map message further includes a set of upstream channel information for each of the plurality of upstream channels in the bonded channel group.

7. The CMTS of claim 1, wherein the downstream physical interface transmits an upstream channel descriptor (UCD) message for each of the plurality of upstream channels in the bonded channel group.

8. The CMTS of claim 1, wherein the downstream physical interface transmits a bonded upstream channel descriptor (B-UCD) message at a periodic interval, the B-UCD message defining characteristics of the bonded channel group.

9. A method in a cable modem terminal system (CMTS) of communicating with a plurality of cable modems, the plurality of cable modems including a first cable modem that supports upstream channel bonding and a second cable modem that does not support upstream channel bonding, the CMTS including a Media Access Control (MAC) and a physical interface, the method comprising:

generating a first map message that defines a bandwidth grant across a plurality of upstream channels in a bonded channel group;

generating a second map message that defines a bandwidth grant for a single upstream channel;

transmitting the first map message to both the first and second cable modems, wherein the second cable modem disregards the first map message; and

transmitting the second map message to both the first and second cable modems.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the generating of the first map message comprises generating a multichannel allocation (MCA) structure that includes a plurality of bandwidth allocations to a particular service identifier (SID).

11. The method of claim 10, wherein generating the MCA structure comprises inserting allocations to data regions into the MCA structure in an order in which the first cable modem should organize data for transmission into segments.

12. The method of claim 10, wherein generating the MCA structure comprises inserting allocations to request regions and ranging regions into the MCA structure in an order based on earliest relative information element start time, as measured across the plurality of upstream channels in the bonded channel group.

13. The method of claim 9, wherein the generating of the first map message comprises inserting grant pendings into the first map message using a packed grant pending format such that a plurality of grant pendings are packed into a single information element in the first map message.

14. The method of claim 9, further comprising transmitting an upstream channel descriptor (UCD) message for each of the plurality of upstream channels in the bonded channel group.

15. The method of claim 9, further comprising transmitting a bonded upstream channel descriptor (B-UCD) message at a periodic interval, the B-UCD message defining characteristics of the bonded channel group.

16. The method of claim 15, further comprising changing a number of channels in the bonded channel group using the B-UCD message.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the changing a number of channels in the bonded channel group comprises removing a channel from the bonded channel group.

18. The method of claim 16, wherein the changing a number of channels in the bonded channel group comprises adding a channel to the bonded channel group.

19. The method of claim 15, further comprising replacing a channel within the bonded channel group using the B-UCD message.

20. A high-throughput cable network, comprising:

a first cable modem that supports upstream channel bonding;

a second cable modem that does not support upstream channel bonding; and

a cable modem termination system (CMTS) that transmits a bonded map message to both the first and second cable modems, the bonded map message defining a bandwidth grant across a plurality of upstream channels in a bonded channel group, wherein the bonded map message is disregarded by the second cable modem.

21. The network of claim 20, wherein the CMTS further transmits a single channel map message to the first and second cable modems, the single channel map message defining a bandwidth grant for a single upstream channel.

22. The network of claim 20, wherein the bonded map message comprises a multichannel allocation (MCA) structure that includes a plurality of bandwidth allocations to a particular service identifier (SID).

23. The network of claim 22, wherein the bandwidth allocations include time-defining allocations to at least one of data regions, request regions, and ranging regions of the MCA structure.

24. The network of claim 23, wherein the CMTS inserts the allocations to the data regions into the MCA structure in an order in which the first cable modem should organize data for transmission into segments.

25. The network of claim 24, wherein the MCA structure includes a start time and a duration for each of the segments.

26. The network of claim 23, wherein the CMTS inserts the allocations to the request regions and the ranging regions into the MCA structure in an order based on earliest relative information element start time, as measured across the plurality of upstream channels in the bonded channel group.

27. The network of claim 20, wherein the CMTS inserts grant pendings into the bonded map message using a packed grant pending format such that a plurality of grant pendings are packed into a single information element in the bonded map message.

28. The network of claim 20, wherein the bonded map message includes a plurality of bonded information elements (BIE), and wherein each BIE comprises a bandwidth allocation on one of the plurality of upstream channels in the bonded channel group for a particular period of time and set of physical layer parameters.

29. The network of claim 28, wherein the bonded map message further includes a set of upstream channel information for each of the plurality of upstream channels in the bonded channel group.

30. The network of claim 29, wherein the CMTS transmits a bonded upstream channel descriptor (B-UCD) message at a periodic interval, the B-UCD message defining characteristics of the bonded channel group.

31. A system for communicating with a plurality of devices residing on a wireless network, including a first device that supports upstream channel bonding and a second device that does not support upstream channel bonding, the system comprising:

an upstream physical interface comprising one or more upstream demodulators;

a downstream physical interface comprising one or more downstream modulators;

a media access control (MAC) that receives upstream transmissions from the upstream physical interface and provides downstream transmissions to the downstream physical interface;

wherein the MAC generates a first message over the wireless network that defines a bandwidth grant across a plurality of upstream channels in a bonded channel group and a second message that defines a bandwidth grant for a single upstream channel, and

wherein the downstream physical interface transmits both the first and second messages to both the first and second devices in the wireless network.

32. The system of claim 31, wherein the first message comprises a plurality of bandwidth allocations to a particular service identifier (SID).

33. The system of claim 32, wherein the bandwidth allocations include time-defining allocations to at least one of data regions, request regions, and ranging regions.

34. The system of claim 33, wherein an allocation of contiguous minislots comprises a segment, and includes a start time and a duration for the segment.

35. The system of claim 31, wherein the first message includes a bandwidth allocation on one of the plurality of upstream channels in the bonded channel group for a particular period of time and set of physical layer parameters.

36. A method in a communication system of communicating with a plurality of devices in a wireless network, the plurality of devices including a first device that supports upstream channel bonding and a second device that does not support upstream channel bonding, the system including a Media Access Control (MAC) and a physical interface, the method comprising:

generating a first message that defines a bandwidth grant across a plurality of upstream channels in a bonded channel group;

generating a second message that defines a bandwidth grant for a single upstream channel;

transmitting the first message over the wireless network to both the first and second devices; and

transmitting the second message over the wireless network to both the first and second devices;

wherein the second device disregards the first message.

37. The method of claim 36, wherein the generating of the first message step comprises generating a multichannel allocation (MCA) structure that includes a plurality of bandwidth allocations to a particular service identifier (SID).

38. The method of claim 37, wherein the generating the MCA structure step comprises inserting allocations to data regions into the MCA structure in an order in which the first device should organize data for transmission into segments.

39. The method of claim 37, wherein the generating the MCA structure step comprises inserting allocations to request regions and ranging regions into the MCA structure in an order based on earliest relative information element start time, as measured across the plurality of upstream channels in the bonded channel group.

40. The method of claim 36, wherein the generating of the first message step comprises inserting grant pendings into the first message using a packed grant pending format such that a plurality of grant pendings are packed into a single information element in the first message.

41. The method of claim 36, further comprising changing a number of channels in the bonded channel group using a bonded upstream channel descriptor (B-UCD).

42. The method of claim 41, wherein the changing a number of channels step in the bonded channel group comprises removing a channel from the bonded channel group.

43. The method of claim 41, wherein the changing a number of channels in the bonded channel group comprises adding a channel to the bonded channel group.

44. The method of claim 41, further comprising replacing a channel within the bonded channel group using the B-UCD message.

45. A method in a communication device of communicating with a headend device in a wireless network, the method comprising:

requesting bandwidth from the headend device over the wireless network;

receiving a first message over the wireless network from the headend device that defines a bandwidth grant across a plurality of upstream channels in a bonded channel group and a second message over the wireless network from the headend device that defines a bandwidth grant associated with a single upstream channel;

disregarding the first message if the communication device does not support upstream channel bonding; and

transmitting a stream of data packets to the headend device over the wireless network on the plurality of upstream channels if the communication device supports upstream channel bonding.

46. The method of claim 45, wherein the transmitting step further comprises dividing the stream of data packets among the plurality of upstream channels in the bonded group based on information in the first message.

47. The method of claim 45, wherein the transmitting step eempri-simg comprises simultaneously transmitting data packets on the plurality of upstream channels in the bonded group.

48. A method in a cable modem of communicating with a Cable Modem Termination System (CMTS) in a network, the method comprising:

requesting bandwidth from the CMTS;

receiving a first multichannel grant from the CMTS that defines a bandwidth grant across a plurality of upstream channels in a bonded channel group and a second multichannel grant from the CMTS that defines a bandwidth grant associated with a single upstream channel;

disregarding the first meage multichannel grant if the cable modem does not support upstream channel bonding; and

transmitting a stream of data packets to the CMTS over the network on the plurality of upstream channels if the cable modem supports upstream channel bonding.

49. The method of claim 48, wherein the transmitting step further comprises dividing the stream of data packets among the plurality of upstream channels in the bonded group based on information in the first multichannel grant.

50. The method of claim 48, wherein the transmitting step comprises simultaneously transmitting data packets on the plurality of upstream channels in the bonded group.