Dynamic model generation methods and apparatus

• US 7,973,789 B2
• Filed: 06/02/2006
• Issued: 07/05/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 06/03/2005
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Pixar (The Walt Disney Company)
• Original Assignee: Pixar (The Walt Disney Company)
• Inventors: Cook, Robert L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Nguyen; Kimbinh T
• Application Number:
  US11/422,024
• Publication Number:
  US 20060274076A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,859 Days
• Field of Search: 345/419, 345/420, 345/473, 345/642, 345/423, 345/581, 382/154, 382/209, 166/120, 166/140, 166/196, 315/369, 315/370
• US Class Current: 345/420
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 13/20 3D [Three Dimensional] animation
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 15/00 3D [Three Dimensional] image rendering
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 17/00 Three dimensional [3D] modelling, e.g. data description of 3D objects
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 19/00 Manipulating 3D models or images for computer graphics

Abstract

A method for a computer system includes opening a model of an object, wherein the model comprises a plurality of geometric elements, determining a subset of geometric elements from the plurality of geometric elements of the model, modifying properties of one or more of the geometric elements in the subset of geometric elements to form a modified subset of geometric elements, and using the modified subset of geometric elements to represent the model of the object in the computer system.

Claims

1. A computer implemented method performed by a computer system programmed to perform the method comprises:

opening by the computer system a model of an object, wherein the model comprises a plurality of three-dimensional geometric elements, wherein a three-dimensional geometric element is an element having at least a two-dimensional surface that is positioned at coordinates in a three-dimensional space;

determining by the computer system a subset of three-dimensional geometric elements from the plurality of three-dimensional geometric elements of the model;

modifying by the computer system properties of one or more of the three-dimensional geometric elements in the subset of three-dimensional geometric elements to form a subset of modified three-dimensional geometric elements; and

using by the computer system at least one modified three-dimensional geometric elements from the subset of modified geometric elements to represent at least one three-dimensional geometric element of the model of the object that is not within the subset of three-dimensional geometric elements;

determining by the computer system a rendered image in response to the subset of modified three-dimensional geometric elements.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein modifying by the computer system the properties of the one or more three-dimensional geometric elements comprises modifying, by the computer system geometric parameters of the one or more three-dimensional geometric elements from the subset of three-dimensional geometric elements.

3. The method of claim 2 wherein modifying by the computer system the geometric parameters is selected from a group of operations performed consisting of:

modifying by the computer system surface areas of the one or more three-dimensional geometric elements from the subset of three-dimensional geometric elements, modifying by the computer system thicknesses of the one or more three-dimensional geometric elements from the subset of three-dimensional geometric elements, modifying by the computer system widths of the one or more three-dimensional geometric elements from the subset of three-dimensional geometric elements, modifying by the computer system heights of the one or more three-dimensional geometric elements from the subset of three-dimensional geometric elements, modifying by the computer system volume of the one or more three-dimensional geometric elements from the subset of three-dimensional geometric elements, modifying by the computer system two-dimensional projected surface area of the one or more three-dimensional geometric elements from the subset of three-dimensional geometric elements.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein modifying by the computer system the properties of the one or more three-dimensional geometric elements comprises modifying by the computer system surface parameters of the one or more three-dimensional geometric elements from the subset of three-dimensional geometric elements.

5. The method of claim 4 wherein the surface parameters are selected from a group consisting of:

surface color, surface texture, bump map, displacement map, average reflection, transparency, shading parameters.

6. The method of claim 1 wherein using the at least one modified three-dimensional geometric elements comprises providing by the computer system the subset of modified three-dimensional geometric elements to a processing module;

wherein the processing module is selected from a group consisting of;

a shadow mapping module, a shadow baking module, a simulation module, a radiosity module, a finite element analysis module, a rendering module.

7. The method of claim 1 wherein determining the subset of three-dimensional geometric elements from the plurality of three-dimensional geometric elements of the model comprises:

determining by the computer system a loading indicia for the plurality of three-dimensional geometric elements in response to an importance criteria of the model, wherein the importance criteria is selected from a group consisting of;

size of the model in the scene, contrast levels of the model in the scene, illumination level of the model in the scene, transparency of objects in front of the object in the scene, whether the object is a primary object or a secondary object in the scene, whether the object is in focus in the scene, whether the model is to be imaged as a reflection in a scene, motion of the object in the scene, number of elements per pixel.

8. The method of claim 7 wherein modifying the properties of the one or more three-dimensional geometric elements comprises modifying by the computer system parameters of the one or more three-dimensional geometric elements in the first subset of three-dimensional geometric elements in response to the loading indicia;

wherein the loading indicia is selected from a group consisting of;

a number of three-dimensional geometric elements, a percentage of the plurality of three-dimensional geometric elements, a number of three-dimensional geometric elements per pixel, a percentage of the subset of three-dimensional geometric elements to the plurality of three-dimensional geometric elements;

wherein the parameters are selected from a group consisting of;

geometric parameters, surface parameters.

9. The method of claim 1 further comprising storing a representation of the rendered image in a tangible media.

10. A tangible medium storing the representation of the rendered image formed according to the process described in claim 9.

11. The method of claim 1 wherein the plurality of three-dimensional geometric elements comprises selected three-dimensional geometric elements and unselected three-dimensional geometric elements;

and

wherein the subset of modified three-dimensional geometric elements represents the selected three-dimensional geometric elements and the unselected three-dimensional geometric elements.

12. A computing system programmed to determine a representation of an object comprises:

a mass storage memory configured to store a geometric model of the object including a plurality of three-dimensional geometric elements, and a specification of a scene that includes the object, wherein a three-dimensional geometric element is an element having at least a two-dimensional surface that is positioned at coordinates in a three-dimensional space;

a random access memory coupled to the mass storage memory;

a processor coupled to the random access memory and to the mass storage memory, wherein the processor is programmed to determine a subset of three-dimensional geometric elements from the plurality of three-dimensional geometric elements in the geometric model of the object to retrieve from the mass storage memory, wherein the processor is programmed to retrieve the subset of the three-dimensional geometric elements from the memory, wherein the processor is programmed to modify parameters of one or more three-dimensional geometric elements from the subset of three-dimensional geometric elements to form a subset of modified three-dimensional geometric elements, wherein the processor is programmed to use at least one modified three-dimensional element from the subset of modified geometric elements as a representation of at least one three-dimensional geometric element of the model of the object that is not within the subset of three-dimensional geometric elements; and

wherein the mass storage memory is also configured to stream the subset of the three-dimensional geometric elements to the random access memory;

wherein the random access memory is configured to store the subset of the three-dimensional geometric elements, and wherein the random access memory is configured to store the subset of modified three-dimensional geometric elements; and

wherein the processor is also programmed to determine a rendered image in response to the subset of modified three-dimensional geometric elements.

13. The computing system of claim 12 wherein the processor is also programmed to determine a sampling percentage;

wherein the processor is programmed to determine the subset of three-dimensional geometric elements from the plurality of three-dimensional geometric elements in response to the sampling percentage.

14. The computing system of claim 13 wherein the parameters of the at least one three-dimensional geometric element that are modified comprise geometric parameters.

15. The computing system of claim 14 wherein the geometric parameters are selected from a group consisting of:

width, depth, length, height, thickness, volume, two-dimensional projected surface area, surface normal.

16. The computing system of claim 13 wherein the parameters of the at least one three-dimensional geometric element that are modified comprise surface parameters.

17. The computing system of claim 16 wherein the surface parameter are selected from a group consisting of:

surface color, transparency, surface texture, bump map, displacement map, reflection, shading parameters.

18. The computing system of claim 13 wherein the processor is programmed to select the parameters to modify in response to the sampling percentage;

wherein the parameters are selected from a group consisting of;

geometric parameters, surface parameters.

19. The computing system of claim 12 wherein the processor is programmed to provide the subset of modified three-dimensional geometric elements to a processing module;

and

wherein the processing module is selected from a group consisting of;

a shadow mapping module, a shadow baking module, a simulation module, a radiosity module, a finite element analysis module, rendering module.

21. The computing system of claim 12, wherein the subset of three-dimensional geometric elements are selected from the plurality of three-dimensional geometric elements;

wherein an unselected subset of three-dimensional geometric elements remain not selected from the plurality of three-dimensional geometric elements; and

wherein the subset of modified three-dimensional geometric elements represents the subset of three-dimensional geometric elements and the unselected subset of three-dimensional geometric elements.

20. A computer program product comprises a tangible media including non-transitory executable software code for a computer system including a processor, the computer program product including:

code that directs the processor to determine a desired level of detail for an object positioned within a scene;

code that directs the processor to retrieve a subset of three-dimensional geometric elements from a plurality of three-dimensional geometric elements associated with a geometric model of the object in response to the desired level of detail for the object, wherein a three-dimensional geometric element is an element having at least a two-dimensional surface that is positioned at coordinates in a three-dimensional space;

code that directs the processor to modify at least one parameter of one or more three-dimensional geometric elements from the subset of three-dimensional geometric elements to form a subset of modified three-dimensional geometric elements; and

code that directs the processor to provide at least one modified three-dimensional element from the subset of modified of three-dimensional geometric elements to a processing module to represent at least one three-dimensional geometric element of the model of the object that is not within the subset of three-dimensional geometric elements;

code that directs the processor to render an image of object in response to the subset of modified three-dimensional geometric elements.

22. The computer program product of claim 20 wherein the at least one parameter is selected from a group consisting of:

thickness, width, height, volume, surface normal, 2D surface projection.

23. The computer program product of claim 20 wherein the at least one parameter is selected from a group consisting of:

surface color saturation, surface color lightness, surface texture, surface normal, transparency, reflectivity, shading parameters.

24. The computer program product of claim 20 wherein the desired level of detail for the object increases as a number of three-dimensional geometric elements in the subset of three-dimensional geometric elements increases.

25. The computer program product of claim 20 wherein the desired level of detail for the object increases as the object is moved towards a viewing plane in the scene.

26. The computer program product of claim 20 wherein the processing module is selected from a group consisting of a shadow mapping module, a shadow baking module, a simulation module, a radiosity module, a finite element analysis module, a rendering module.

27. The computer program product of claim 20 wherein code that directs the processor to determine the desired level of detail for the object positioned within the scene comprises code that directs the processor to determine an importance criteria of the model, wherein the importance criteria is selected from a group consisting of:

position of the object in the scene, size of the object in the scene, contrast levels of the object in the scene, illumination level of the object in the scene, whether the object is in motion, whether the object is a primary or a secondary object in the scene, whether the object is to be input into a simulator, whether the object is to be imaged as a reflection in a scene, whether the object is in focus in the scene, number of elements sampled per pixel.

28. The computer program product of claim 20 wherein the desired level of detail for an object is determined at least in part by a predetermined minimum number of three-dimensional geometric elements per output pixel.

29. The computer program product of claim 20 wherein the plurality of three-dimensional geometric elements includes the subset of three-dimensional geometric elements that are retrieved and an unretrieved set of three-dimensional geometric elements;

and

wherein the subset of modified three-dimensional geometric elements represents the set of three-dimensional geometric elements that are retrieved and the unretrieved set of three-dimensional geometric elements.

30. A computer implemented method performed by a computer system including a processor programmed to perform the method comprises:

using by the computer system a subset of modified three-dimensional geometric elements to render a representation of an object in an image, and at least one modified three-dimensional element from the subset of modified three-dimensional geometric elements as a representation of at least one three-dimensional geometric element that is not within a subset of three-dimensional geometric elements, wherein a three-dimensional geometric element is an element having at least a two-dimensional surface that is positioned at coordinates in a three-dimensional space; and

storing by the computer system the image in a tangible media,

wherein a plurality of three-dimensional geometric elements are associated with global statistics and represent a model of the object, wherein the subset of three-dimensional geometric elements comprises a selected subset of the plurality of three-dimensional geometric elements, and wherein the subset of modified three-dimensional geometric elements comprises the selected subset of three-dimensional geometric elements that are modified in response to the global statistics.

31. The method of claim 30 wherein the plurality of three-dimensional geometric elements comprises an unselected subset of three-dimensional geometric elements;

and

wherein the subset of modified three-dimensional geometric elements comprises the subset of three-dimensional geometric elements that are modified independent from the unselected subset of three-dimensional geometric elements.

32. The method of claim 30 wherein the global statistics are selected from a group consisting of:

surface area, contrast, and color variance.

33. The method of claim 30 wherein each three-dimensional geometric element from the subset of three-dimensional geometric elements are modified independent of each other.

34. The method of claim 30 wherein the subset of modified three-dimensional geometric elements represent a first subset of three-dimensional geometric elements and a second subset of three-dimensional geometric elements;

wherein the plurality of three-dimensional geometric elements comprises the first subset of three-dimensional geometric elements and the second subset of three-dimensional geometric elements, wherein the second subset of three-dimensional geometric elements are three-dimensional geometric elements that are not within the selected subset of the plurality of three-dimensional geometric elements.