High light extraction efficiency light emitting diode (LED) with emitters within structured materials
First Claim
1. A light emitting diode (LED), comprising:
- a structured emitting region including one or more light emitting active layers embedded in a plurality of index modulation layers, wherein the index modulation layers are structured as a photonic crystal with the active layers embedded within the photonic crystal, the index modulation layers include a low index layer and a high index layer, the low index layer has a lower refractive index than the high index layer, and the active layer is positioned inside the lower index layer.
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Abstract
Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) where the emission region, usually a (Al,In,Ga)N layer, is structured for efficient light extraction, are disclosed. The structuring is designed for light extraction from thin films, such as a photonic crystal acting as a diffraction grating. In addition, the structuring controls the in-plane emission and allows new modes into which light will be emitted. Various electrode designs are proposed, including ZnO structures which are known to lead to both excellent electrical properties, such as good carrier injection, and high transparency. Alternatively, the (Al,In,Ga)N layer can be replaced by structures with other materials compositions, in order to achieve efficient light extraction.
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Citations
26 Claims
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1. A light emitting diode (LED), comprising:
a structured emitting region including one or more light emitting active layers embedded in a plurality of index modulation layers, wherein the index modulation layers are structured as a photonic crystal with the active layers embedded within the photonic crystal, the index modulation layers include a low index layer and a high index layer, the low index layer has a lower refractive index than the high index layer, and the active layer is positioned inside the lower index layer. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 25)
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15. A method for fabricating a light emitting diode (LED) having efficient light extraction, comprising
forming a structured emitting region including one or more light emitting active layers embedded in a plurality of index modulation layers, wherein the index modulation layers are structured as a photonic crystal with the active layers embedded within the photonic crystal, the index modulation layers include a low index layer and a high index layer, and the low index layer has a lower refractive index than the high index layer, and the active layer is positioned inside the lower index layer.
Specification