Power conversion components, systems and methods

• US 7,978,483 B2
• Filed: 01/13/2009
• Issued: 07/12/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 05/19/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Mississippi State University
• Original Assignee: Mississippi State University
• Inventors: Gafford, James R., Mazzola, Michael S.
• Primary Examiner(s): Riley; Shawn
• Application Number:
  US12/352,862
• Publication Number:
  US 20100020581A1
• Time in Patent Office: 910 Days
• Field of Search: 363/17, 363/56.02, 363/58, 363/127, 363/89, 363/141
• US Class Current: 363/17
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/01 Resonant DC/DC converters
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/33573 Full-bridge at primary side of an isolation transformer
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 7/003 Constructional details, e.g. physical layout, assembly, wiring or busbar connections
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/10 Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

Components, systems and methods for generating variable frequency AC voltage from a DC power supply are described. The components include a full-bridge (FB) parallel load resonant (PLR) converter which operates in discontinuous conduction mode. The PLR converter includes MOSFETs in an H-bridge configuration and employs a topology which minimizes inductance. The PLR converter can be coupled to a single or poly-phase bridge for use as an inverter. The inverter can be used to produce an AC sinusoidal waveform from a low voltage, high current DC power supply. Systems and techniques for modulating the output from the PLR converter to produce an AC sinusoidal waveform having desired characteristics, including frequency and voltage, are also provided. The PLR converter can also be coupled to a rectifier for use as a DC-DC converter.

Claims

1. A power conversion method comprising:

generating a stream of alternating polarity pulses with a parallel-loaded resonant (PLR) inverter operating in discontinuous conduction mode;

inverting the pulses using a plurality of bi-directional switches and a single-phase or a poly-phase inverter bridge;

filtering the inverted pulses with a single phase or a poly phase low pass filter; and

generating a single-phase or poly-phase alternating current (AC) having a sinusoidal waveform;

wherein the alternating current having a sinusoidal waveform has a lower frequency than the stream of alternating polarity pulses.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the pulses are inverted by a three-phase inverter bridge.

3. The method of claim 1, further comprising controlling the positions of the switches during inverting to generate the AC sinusoidal waveform.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the positions of the switches are determined by a central controller.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the central controller uses a discretized carrier wave modulation algorithm to determine the positions of the switches.

6. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

determining or selecting a sequence of pulses which produces an AC sinusoidal waveform having a desired voltage; and

varying the sequence of pulses generated by the PLR inverter to achieve the desired voltage.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the sequence of pulses is either determined in realtime using a modulation algorithm or is selected from a pre-calculated electronically stored look-up table.

8. The method of claim 4, wherein the central controller is a field programmable gate array (FPGA) which uses a look-up table stored in electronic memory to implement the pre-calculated discretized carrier wave modulation algorithm.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the PLR inverter is bi-directional in power flow.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein the PLR inverter comprises a high-frequency AC-link.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein the PLR inverter comprises-a resonant capacitor having a voltage which is inherently stable under real and reactive power flow.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein the PLR inverter comprises the circuit of claim 1.

13. A DC-AC converter comprising:

a PLR inverter configured to operate in a discontinuous conduction mode;

gate drivers associated with the PLR inverter;

a three-phase six-pulse bridge with bi-directional switches comprising power transistors associated with the PLR inverter;

gate drivers associated with the pulse bridge; and

a central controller comprising FPGA, an electronic memory, analog sensors and digital sensors, the controller being configured to control the DC-AC converter.

14. The DC-AC converter of claim 13, further comprising a low pass filter.

15. The DC-AC converter of claim 13, wherein the converter produces a 208 V AC, three-phase voltage waveform and supplies up to 10 kVA of apparent power comprising any self-consistent combinations of real and reactive components at 50-Hz, 60-Hz, or 400-Hz.

16. The DC-AC converter of claim 13, wherein the power transistors are power MOSFETs.

17. The DC-AC converter of claim 13, wherein the power transistors are power IGBTs.