Dynamic graphical database query interface

• US 7,979,424 B2
• Filed: 04/30/2008
• Issued: 07/12/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 06/10/2004
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: SAP SE
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Tenner, Jeffrey Wayne, Djugash, Judy Immaculate Tina, Tran, Hao Thu, Dettinger, Richard Dean
• Primary Examiner(s): Wong; Don
• Assistant Examiner(s): XUE, BIN
• Application Number:
  US12/112,332
• Publication Number:
  US 20080201313A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,168 Days
• Field of Search: 707/713, 707/779, 707/766, 707/999.003
• US Class Current: 707/718
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/2423 Interactive query statement specification based on a database schema
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/248 Presentation of query results
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 707/99932 Access augmentation or optimizing
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 707/99934 Query formulation, input preparation, or translation
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 707/99943 Generating database or data structure, e.g. via user interface

Abstract

A graphical query interface provides visual feedback to a user during the construction of a query. In a first embodiment, the visual feedback helps the user determine the quality of the query as the query is being built. The relationship of columns in the database is graphically displayed to a user. When the user selects a column in the database, a filtered display mechanism displays only those columns or records that satisfy the portion of the query already constructed. In a second embodiment, the visual feedback eliminates some possible selections in the query tree due to previously-made selections that eliminate the eliminated selections as possibilities. In the second embodiment, the visual feedback mechanism may function according to data values in columns, and may also function according to known relationships between columns themselves.

Claims

1. An apparatus comprising:

at least one processor;

a memory coupled to the at least one processor;

a database residing in the memory; and

a graphical query interface residing in the memory and executed by the at least one processor, the graphical query interface displaying in a first window a graphical representation of a plurality of user-selectable icons, each user-selectable icon corresponding to a column defined in the database, the graphical representation including at least one line connecting the plurality of user-selectable icons to represent at least one relationship between columns in the database represented by two of the plurality of icons connected by a line, and in response to a user selection of an icon in the graphical representation corresponding to a first column in a first step in building a query, the graphical query interface altering the graphical representation to make at least one icon corresponding to at least one different column in the graphical representation unavailable for selection by the user in a subsequent step in building the query according to at least one predefined rule for the first column that specifies at least one restriction between the first column and the at least one different column, the graphical query interface during display of the graphical representation in the first window further displaying in a second window at least one selectable value corresponding to values in the database corresponding to the first column.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the at least one restriction comprises mutual exclusion for the first column and the at least one different column.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the graphical representation includes a plurality of domains that each define a logical grouping of columns in the database, wherein the at least one predefined rule includes at least one condition for displaying each of the plurality of domains.

4. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the graphical query interface alters the graphical representation to make at least one icon in the graphical representation corresponding to at least one column unavailable for selection by the user by performing at least one of the following steps:

eliminating the at least one icon corresponding to the at least one column from the graphical representation;

hiding the at least one icon corresponding to the at least one column in the graphical representation from view of the user; and

greying out the at least one icon corresponding to the at least one column in the graphical representation.

5. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the at least one restriction specifies a reciprocal keyword that causes the graphical query interface to automatically generate reciprocal restrictions between the first column and the at least one different column.

6. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the graphical query mechanism resets the at least one restriction to make the at least one different column in the graphical representation available for selection by the user when the user specifies an OR operator when building the query.

7. A computer-readable program product comprising:

(A) a graphical query interface that displays to a user in a first window a graphical representation of a plurality of user-selectable icons, each user-selectable icon corresponding to a column defined in the database, the graphical representation including at least one line connecting the plurality of user-selectable icons to represent at least one relationship between columns in the database represented by two of the plurality of icons connected by a line, and in response to a user selection of an icon in the graphical representation corresponding to a first column in a first step in building a query, the graphical query interface altering the graphical representation to make at least one icon corresponding to at least one different column in the graphical representation unavailable for selection by the user in a subsequent step in building the query according to at least one predefined rule for the first column that specifies at least one restriction between the first column and the at least one different column, the graphical query interface during display of the graphical representation in the first window further displaying in a second window at least one selectable value corresponding to values in the database corresponding to the first column; and

(B) recordable media bearing the graphical query interface.

8. The program product of claim 7 wherein the at least one restriction comprises mutual exclusion for the first column and the at least one different column.

9. The program product of claim 7 wherein the graphical representation includes a plurality of domains that each define a logical grouping of columns in the database, wherein the at least one predefined rule includes at least one condition for displaying each of the plurality of domains.

10. The program product of claim 7 wherein the graphical query interface alters the graphical representation to make at least one icon in the graphical representation corresponding to at least one column unavailable for selection by the user by performing at least one of the following steps:

eliminating the at least one icon corresponding to the at least one column from the graphical representation;

hiding the at least one icon corresponding to the at least one column in the graphical representation from view of the user; and

greying out the at least one icon corresponding to the at least one column in the graphical representation.

11. The program product of claim 7 wherein the at least one restriction specifies a reciprocal keyword that causes the graphical query interface to automatically generate reciprocal restrictions between the first column and the at least one different column.

12. The program product of claim 7 wherein the graphical query mechanism resets the at least one restriction to make the at least one different column in the graphical representation available for selection by the user when the user specifies an OR operator when building the query.

13. A computer-implemented method for a user to build a query to a database, the method comprising the steps of:

displaying to the user in a first window a graphical representation of a plurality of user-selectable icons, each user-selectable icon corresponding to a column defined in the database, the graphical representation including at least one line connecting the plurality of user-selectable icons to represent at least one relationship between columns in the database represented by two of the plurality of icons connected by a line;

in response to the user selection of an icon in the graphical representation corresponding to a first column in a first step in building the query, altering the graphical representation to make at least one icon corresponding to at least one different column in the graphical representation unavailable for selection by the user in a subsequent step in building the query according to at least one predefined rule for the first column that specifies at least one restriction between the first column and the at least one different column; and

during display of the graphical representation in the first window, displaying in a second window at least one selectable value corresponding to values in the database corresponding to the first column.

14. The method of claim 13 wherein the at least one restriction comprises mutual exclusion for the first column and the at least one different column.

15. The method of claim 13 wherein the graphical representation includes a plurality of domains that each define a logical grouping of columns in the database, wherein the at least one predefined rule includes at least one condition for displaying each of the plurality of domains.

16. The method of claim 13 wherein the step of altering the graphical representation to make the at least one icon corresponding to at least one column in the graphical representation unavailable for selection by the user comprises at least one of the following steps:

eliminating the at least one icon corresponding to the at least one different column from the graphical representation;

hiding the at least one icon corresponding to the at least one different column in the graphical representation from view of the user; and

greying out the at least one icon corresponding to the at least one different column in the graphical representation.

17. The method of claim 13 wherein the at least one restriction specifies a reciprocal keyword that causes automatic generation of reciprocal restrictions between the first column and the at least one different column.

18. The method of claim 13 further comprising the step of resetting the at least one restriction to make the at least one different column in the graphical representation available for selection by the user when the user specifies an OR operator when building the query.