Trajectory guide with angled or patterned guide lumens or height adjustment
First Claim
Patent Images
1. An apparatus comprising:
- a base, sized and shaped to be secured in or about a pre-existing entry portal in a human or animal subject that includes a target within the subject beyond the entry portal, the entry portal defining an entry plane, and the target defining a target plane that is substantially parallel to the entry plane; and
an instrument guide, coupled to the base and configured to be oriented with respect to the base, the instrument guide including a first lumen having a first axis extending through the instrument guide and the entry portal toward the target, the instrument guide also including a plurality of second lumens, each having a respective second axis extending through the instrument guide and the entry portal, each second axis being fixed relative to the first axis and being nonparallel to the first axis, the plurality of second lumens each configured to define corresponding second axes passing through the entry portal, each of the second axes being nonparallel to all others of the second axes, the second axes intersecting a range plane beyond the entry portal, the range plane being substantially orthogonal to the first axis, the second lumens being disposed radially symmetric about the first axis, and each of the second axes and the first axis intersect at a common focus point.
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Abstract
This document discusses trajectory guides that include an instrument guide with at least one lumen angled with respect to an orthogonal or other through-axis. In one example, patterned lumens on the instrument guide provide a mirror image pattern of trajectory axes intersecting a target plane. In another example, height adjustment of the instrument guide extends these or other targeting techniques to a three-dimensional volume. This document also describes a method of manufacturing such an instrument guide, which is also applicable to manufacturing an instrument guide providing parallel lumens.
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Citations
33 Claims
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1. An apparatus comprising:
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a base, sized and shaped to be secured in or about a pre-existing entry portal in a human or animal subject that includes a target within the subject beyond the entry portal, the entry portal defining an entry plane, and the target defining a target plane that is substantially parallel to the entry plane; and an instrument guide, coupled to the base and configured to be oriented with respect to the base, the instrument guide including a first lumen having a first axis extending through the instrument guide and the entry portal toward the target, the instrument guide also including a plurality of second lumens, each having a respective second axis extending through the instrument guide and the entry portal, each second axis being fixed relative to the first axis and being nonparallel to the first axis, the plurality of second lumens each configured to define corresponding second axes passing through the entry portal, each of the second axes being nonparallel to all others of the second axes, the second axes intersecting a range plane beyond the entry portal, the range plane being substantially orthogonal to the first axis, the second lumens being disposed radially symmetric about the first axis, and each of the second axes and the first axis intersect at a common focus point. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19)
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20. An apparatus comprising:
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means for securing the apparatus in or about a pre-existing entry portal in a human or animal subject that includes a target within the subject beyond the entry portal, the entry portal defining an entry plane, and the target defining a target plane that is substantially parallel to the entry plane; and means for guiding an instrument, coupled to the means for securing and configured to be oriented with respect to the means for securing, the means for guiding including a first lumen having a first axis extending through the means for guiding and the entry portal toward the target, the means for guiding also including a plurality of second lumens, each having a respective second axis extending through the means for guiding and the entry portal, each second axis being fixed relative to the first axis and being nonparallel to the first axis, the plurality of second lumens each configured to define corresponding second axes passing through the entry portal, each of the second axes being nonparallel to all others of the second axes, the second axes intersecting a range plane beyond the entry portal, the range plane being substantially orthogonal to the first axis, the second lumens being disposed radially symmetrical about the first axis, and each of the second axes and the first axis intersect at a common focus point. - View Dependent Claims (21, 22, 23, 24)
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25. An apparatus comprising:
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a base, sized and shaped to be secured in or about a pre-existing entry portal in a human or animal subject that includes a target within the subject beyond the entry portal, the entry portal defining an entry plane, and the target defining a target plane that is substantially parallel to the entry plane; and an instrument guide, coupled to and configured to be oriented with respect to the base, the instrument guide including a first lumen extending through the instrument guide to define a first axis extending through the instrument guide and the entry portal toward the target, the instrument guide also including a plurality of second lumens, each having a respective second axis extending through the instrument guide and the entry portal, each second axis being fixed relative to the first axis and being nonparallel to the first axis, the plurality of second lumens each configured to define corresponding second axes passing through the entry portal, each of the second axes being nonparallel to all others of the second axes, the second axes intersecting a range plane beyond the entry portal, the range plane being substantially orthogonal to the first axis, the second lumens being disposed radially symmetrical about the first axis, and each of the second axes and the first axis intersect at a common focus point, wherein the instrument guide is adjustably coupled to the base to allow at least one of; height adjustment of the instrument guide with respect to the entry portal; rotation of the instrument guide, with respect to the base, about the first axis;
orangle adjustment of the instrument guide with respect to the base to allow adjustment of an angle between the first axis and an axis that is substantially orthogonal to the entry portal. - View Dependent Claims (26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32)
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33. An neurosurgical apparatus comprising:
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a base, sized and shaped to be secured in or about a pre-existing cranial entry portal in a human or animal subject that includes a target within the subject beyond the entry portal, the entry portal defining an entry plane, and the target defining a target plane that is substantially parallel to the entry plane; an instrument guide, the instrument guide including a first lumen having a first axis extending through the instrument guide and the entry portal toward the target, the instrument guide also including a plurality of second lumens, each having a respective second axis extending through the instrument guide and the entry portal, each second axis being fixed relative to the first axis and being nonparallel to the first axis to each intersect the first axis substantially at a point, each of the second axes being nonparallel to all others of the second axes, the second axes intersecting a range plane beyond the entry portal, the range plane being substantially orthogonal to the first axis, the plurality of second lumens being disposed symmetrical about the first axis in all cross sections taken parallel to the first axis, each of the second axes and the first axis intersecting at a common focus point, the instrument guide including an outer surface that is distal from the entry portal, the first and second lumens extending through the surface, the surface shaped such that a distance along the first lumen between the surface and the target plane is substantially equal to a distance along each of the second lumens between the surface and the target plane; and a coupling that adjustably couples the instrument guide and the base, the coupling configured to position the instrument guide at an adjustable height above the entry portal to position the instrument guide at a height above the entry portal that obtains intersection of at least a portion of the target by the range plane.
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Specification