Target and base station for a navigation system

• US 7,983,694 B2
• Filed: 03/21/2008
• Issued: 07/19/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 02/17/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Hailo Technologies, LLC (2S Ventures, LLC)
• Original Assignee: NAV-Track, Inc.
• Inventors: Cheok, Ka C., Smid, G. Edzko
• Primary Examiner(s): MEHRPOUR, NAGHMEH
• Application Number:
  US12/053,221
• Publication Number:
  US 20080167051A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,215 Days
• Field of Search: 4554561-4565, 455/67.11, 370/69.1, 370/70, 342/387, 342/359.09, 342/357.12, 342/357.02, 342/357.06, 342/357.03, 342/127, 342/174, 342/457, 342/352, 342/357.07, 342/103, 342/357.08, 342/357.17, 701/151, 701/206, 701/207, 701/213, 701/226, 701/214, 701/300
• US Class Current: 455/456.5
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 5/0284 Relative positioning
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 5/0289 of multiple transceivers, e.g. in ad hoc networks
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 5/06 Position of source determined by co-ordinating a plurality of position lines defined by path-difference measurements G01S5/12 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 5/10 Position of receiver fixed by co-ordinating a plurality of position lines defined by path-difference measurements , e.g. omega or decca systemsG01S5/12 takes precedence ; beacons and receivers cooperating therewith G01S1/306, G01S1/308
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 5/14 Determining absolute distances from a plurality of spaced points of known location
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 64/00 Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method of determining the location of a target. The method includes initializing a set of base stations to determine their location relative to each other. At the target, the time of arrival of at least one signal from each of the plurality of base stations is measured. From this, the location of the target relative to the plurality of base stations may be directly calculated using a closed solution. In one embodiment, a time of arrival technique is used and in another embodiment a time difference of arrival technique is used. Preferably an ultra-wide band frequency is utilized.

Claims

1. A target comprising:

a transceiver for transmitting and receiving signals;

a central processing unit for performing operations;

a power source for powering the transceiver and the central processing unit; and

software executed by the central processing unit for diagnosing and managing the target, and for calculating position of the target using range measurements to and between a plurality of base stations;

wherein the plurality of base stations is initialized to determine their relative locations to each other wherein, during initializing, a first base station of the plurality of base stations sends an ultra wideband signal to a second base station and a third base station of the plurality of base stations to determine a distance between the first base station and the second base station and a distance between the first base station and the third base station and wherein the second base station sends an ultra wideband signal to the third base station to determine a distance between the second base station and the third base station;

wherein the target determines range measurements by measuring the time of arrival or the time difference of arrival of the signals from the plurality of base stations, and the target calculates directly the location of the target relative to the plurality of base stations.

2. The target of claim 1, wherein the transceiver, the central processing unit, and the power source are contained within a same housing.

3. The target of claim 1, further comprising a global positioning system receiver for determining the location of the target.

4. The target of claim 1, wherein the target communicates data using the transceiver.

5. The target of claim 4, wherein the data contains range measurements.

6. The target of claim 1, comprising an algorithm for determining accuracy of the target'"'"'s position in relation to the plurality of base stations.

7. The target of claim 1, using an explicit closed-form triangulation calculation to determine the location of the target.

18. The target of claim 1, wherein the transceiver is an ultra wide band transceiver.

8. A target comprising:

a transceiver for transmitting and receiving signals;

a central processing unit for performing operations;

a power source for powering the transceiver and the central processing unit;

software executed by the central processing unit for diagnosing and managing the target, and for determining range measurements to and between a plurality of base stations;

wherein the plurality of base stations is initialized to determine their relative locations to each other wherein, during initializing, a first base station of the plurality of base stations sends a ultra wideband signal to a second base station and a third base station of the plurality of base stations to determine a distance between the first base station and the second base station and a distance between the first base station and the third base station and wherein the second base station sends an ultra wideband signal to the third base station to determine a distance between the second base station and the third base station;

wherein the target determines the range measurements by measuring the time of arrival or the time difference of arrival of the signals from the plurality of base stations, and the target transmits the range measurements to at least one of the plurality of base stations or another target.

9. The target of claim 8, wherein the transceiver, the central processing unit, and the power source are contained within a same housing.

10. The target of claim 8, further comprising a global positioning system receiver for determining the location of the target.

11. The target of claim 8, wherein the target communicates data using the transceiver.

12. The target of claim 11, wherein the data contains range measurements.

13. The target of claim 8, comprising an algorithm for determining accuracy of the target'"'"'s position in relation to the plurality of base stations.

19. The target of claim 8, wherein the transceiver is an ultra wide band transceiver.

14. A base station comprising:

a transceiver for transmitting and receiving signals;

a central processing unit for performing operations;

a power source for powering the transceiver and the central processing unit; and

software executed by the central processing unit for diagnosing and managing the base station;

wherein the base station transmits range measurements to one of a plurality of base stations or one or more targets, wherein the plurality of base stations is initialized to determine their relative locations to each other wherein, during initializing, the base station sends a signal to a second base station and a third base station of the plurality of base stations to determine a distance between the base station and the second base station and a distance between the base station and the third base station and wherein the second base station sends a signal to the third base station to determine a distance between the second base station and the third base station;

further wherein the base station determines the range measurements by measuring the time of arrival or the time difference of arrival of signals from one or more of the targets or the plurality of base stations, and the base station transmits the range measurement to a requesting base station or target.

15. The base station of claim 14, wherein the transceiver, the central processing unit, and the power source are contained within a same housing.

16. The base station of claim 14, further comprising a global positioning system receiver for determining the location of the base station.

17. The base station of claim 14, wherein the base station communicates data using the transceiver.

20. The base station of claim 14, wherein the transceiver is an ultra wide band transceiver.