Battery control device and hybrid forklift truck equipped with the device

• US 7,990,100 B2
• Filed: 09/07/2007
• Issued: 08/02/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 09/11/2006
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Mitsubishi Nichiyu Forklift Co., Ltd. (Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.)
• Original Assignee: Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.
• Inventors: Kubota, Yutaka, Sakurai, Takao, Kamei, Shunsuke
• Primary Examiner(s): Tso; Edward
• Assistant Examiner(s): OMAR, AHMED H
• Application Number:
  US12/087,463
• Publication Number:
  US 20090051322A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,425 Days
• Field of Search: 320/104
• US Class Current: 320/104
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/46 Series type
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/80 Time limits
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/61 by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/15 Preventing overcharging
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/06 including control of combustion engines
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/08 including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/24 including control of energy storage means
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/26 for electrical energy, e.g. batteries or capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 20/00 Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles hybrid vehicle design, B60K6/00; electric vehicles B60L
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 20/13 in order to stay within battery power input or output limits; in order to prevent overcharging or battery depletion
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2050/0002 Automatic control, details of type of controller or control system architecture
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2050/0063 Manual parameter input, manual setting means, manual initialising or calibrating means
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2510/244 Charge state
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2540/06 Ignition switch
• CPC Class Codes: B60Y 2200/15 Fork lift trucks, Industrial trucks
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/48 Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte constructional details of current conducting connections for detecting conditions inside cells or batteries, e.g. details of voltage sensing terminals, H01M50/569
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/62 Hybrid vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors

Abstract

A hybrid forklift truck is provided with an engine, a battery-driven motor generator, and a battery control device that prevents excessive exhaustion or charging of the battery. The state of charge (SOC) of the battery is determined from the battery voltage and SOC when battery current is zero for at least a predetermined time period and from the battery voltage, current and SOC when discharge current is constant for at least a predetermined time period. SOC is revised whenever battery current is zero or constant for at least the predetermined time period, and SOC at any point of time in operation of the forklift truck is estimated by integrating battery current from the SOC revision and subtracting the integrated current from the revised SOC. Drive power of the engine and motor generator are allocated according to a relationship between permissible discharge and charge current and SOC of the battery.

Claims

1. A battery control device of a hybrid forklift truck having a traveling section for driving wheels by means of either or both of an engine and a battery-operated motor generator and a cargo handling section provided with actuators driven by means of either or both of the engine and the battery-operated motor generator to perform lifting up-and-down of cargos, comprising:

a controller that has,

a battery SOC estimating device, by which SOC (state of charge, indicative of remaining capacity) of the battery is determined from an established relationship between battery voltage and SOC of the battery when the battery does not discharge current for at least a predetermined time period and SOC of the battery is also determined when discharge current is constant for at least a predetermined time period from an established relationship between battery voltage, battery current and SOC of the battery, SOC of the battery is revised and reset every time the battery does not discharge current for at least a predetermined time period or discharge current is constant for at least a predetermined time period, and SOC of the battery at any point of time in operation of the forklift truck is estimated by integrating battery current from the time point of SOC revision and subtracting the integrated current from said revised SOC, thus revision of SOC is repeated during operation of the forklift truck and current value of SOC of the battery is estimated with high degree of accuracy; and

a drive power allocation control device by which discharge/charge current from/to the battery is controlled based on said estimated SOC of the battery so that excessive discharging and charging from and to the battery is prevented by appropriately controlling allocation of drive power to drive the actuators to the engine and/or motor generator,

wherein a lift lever sensor and a tilt lever sensor are provided, and said controller detects whether battery discharge current has been constant for at least a predetermined time period based on controlled variables inputted from said a lift lever sensor and/or a tilt lever sensor.

2. A battery control device of a hybrid forklift truck according to claim 1, wherein determination of SOC of the battery by said battery SOC estimating device to reset an initial SOC when the battery does not discharge current for at least a predetermined time period is performed when an ignition signal of the engine is outputted or when an operator of the forklift truck gets out of driver'"'"'s seat.

3. A battery control device of a hybrid forklift truck according to claim 1, wherein a standard to limit discharge/charge current from/to the battery depending on SOC of battery is prepared, and said drive power allocation control device controls allocation of drive power to drive the actuators to the engine and/or motor generator so that discharge/charge current from/to the battery is in limited range depending on SOC of battery based on said estimated current SOC of the battery.

4. A battery control device of a hybrid forklift truck according to claim 3, wherein said drive power allocation control device appropriates a part of output of the engine to charge the battery when estimated SOC of the battery is smaller than a predetermined value.

5. A hybrid forklift truck equipped with a battery control device according to claim 1.

6. A hybrid forklift truck equipped with a battery control device according to claim 2.

7. A hybrid forklift truck equipped with a battery control device according to claim 3.

8. A hybrid forklift truck equipped with a battery control device according to claim 4.