Implantable electrodes containing polyoxometalate anions and methods of manufacture and use
First Claim
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1. An implantable microstimulator device, comprising:
- a housing;
a power source disposed within the housing;
an electronic subassembly disposed within the housing and coupled to the power source;
at least one electrode disposed on the housing and comprising a conductive base and polyoxometalate anions disposed on or within the conductive base, wherein the polyoxometalate anions comprise anions having the formula [XxMyQwOz]q−
or the formula [XxMyQwOzRr]q−
wherein M and Q are independently selected from Ta, V, Mo, Co, Cr, Ni, Nb, W, Ti, Fe, Ir, Ru, Zr, Mn, Zn, Pd, Sn, Pt, or Cu;
X is selected from P, Si, B, Ge, As, or Sb;
R is a covalently bonded substituent;
x, y, w, z, and r are integers, wherein y and z are at least 5 and x, w, and r are at least 0; and
q is an integer that represents the charge of the anion; and
at least one conductor attached to the at least one electrode for conducting electrical energy to the at least one electrode from the electronic subassembly for stimulation of adjacent tissue when implanted.
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Abstract
An implantable device includes at least one electrode comprising a conductive base and polyoxometalate anions disposed on or within the conductive base; and at least one conductor attached to the at least one electrode for conducting electrical energy to the at least one electrode.
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Citations
20 Claims
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1. An implantable microstimulator device, comprising:
- a housing;
a power source disposed within the housing;
an electronic subassembly disposed within the housing and coupled to the power source;
at least one electrode disposed on the housing and comprising a conductive base and polyoxometalate anions disposed on or within the conductive base, wherein the polyoxometalate anions comprise anions having the formula [XxMyQwOz]q−
or the formula [XxMyQwOzRr]q−
wherein M and Q are independently selected from Ta, V, Mo, Co, Cr, Ni, Nb, W, Ti, Fe, Ir, Ru, Zr, Mn, Zn, Pd, Sn, Pt, or Cu;
X is selected from P, Si, B, Ge, As, or Sb;
R is a covalently bonded substituent;
x, y, w, z, and r are integers, wherein y and z are at least 5 and x, w, and r are at least 0; and
q is an integer that represents the charge of the anion; and
at least one conductor attached to the at least one electrode for conducting electrical energy to the at least one electrode from the electronic subassembly for stimulation of adjacent tissue when implanted. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 14, 20)
- a housing;
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7. A stimulation system, comprising:
- a control module comprising a housing;
a power source disposed in the housing; and
an electronic subassembly coupled to the power source; and
a lead coupleable to the control module and comprising a plurality of electrodes forming a plurality of columns of longitudinally spaced-apart electrodes at a distal end of the lead, each electrode comprising a conductive base and polyoxometalate anions disposed on or within the conductive base, wherein the polyoxometalate anions comprise anions having the formula [XxMyQwOz]q−
or the formula [XxMyQwOzRr]q−
wherein M and Q are independently selected from Ta, V, Mo, Co, Cr, Ni, Nb, W, Ti, Fe, Ir, Ru, Zr, Mn, Zn, Pd, Sn, Pt, or Cu;
X is selected from P, Si, B, Ge, As, or Sb;
R is a covalently bonded substituent;
x, y, w, z, and r are integers, wherein y and z are at least 5 and x, w, and r are at least 0; and
q is an integer that represents the charge of the anion; and
at least one conductor attached to the plurality of electrodes and coupleable to the electronic subassembly of the control module to provide electrical energy to the plurality of electrodes for stimulation of adjacent tissue when implanted. - View Dependent Claims (9, 10, 11, 12, 13)
- a control module comprising a housing;
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15. A stimulation system, comprising:
- a control module comprising a housing;
a power source disposed in the housing; and
an electronic subassembly coupled to the power source; and
a lead coupleable to the control module and comprising a plurality of ring electrodes longitudinally spaced-apart at a distal end of the lead, each electrode comprising a conductive base and polyoxometalate anions disposed on or within the conductive base, wherein the polyoxometalate anions comprise anions having the formula [XxMyQwOz]q−
or the formula [XxMyQwOzRr]q−
wherein M and Q are independently selected from Ta, V, Mo, Co, Cr, Ni, Nb, W, Ti, Fe, Ir, Ru, Zr, Mn, Zn, Pd, Sn, Pt, or Cu;
X is selected from P, Si, B, Ge, As, or Sb;
R is a covalently bonded substituent;
x, y, w, z, and r are integers, wherein y and z are at least 5 and x, w, and r are at least 0; and
q is an integer that represents the charge of the anion; and
at least one conductor attached to the plurality of electrodes and coupleable to the electronic subassembly of the control module to provide electrical energy to the plurality of electrodes for stimulation of adjacent tissue when implanted. - View Dependent Claims (16, 17, 18, 19)
- a control module comprising a housing;
Specification