Drug delivery device

• US 7,998,117 B2
• Filed: 05/15/2008
• Issued: 08/16/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 03/23/1998
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Alkermes Pharma Ireland Limited (Alkermes plc)
• Original Assignee: Elan Pharma International Limited (Perrigo Company PLC)
• Inventors: Lavi, Gilad, Tsals, Izrail, Carmel, Ehoud, Gross, Joseph, Yigal, Gil
• Primary Examiner(s): Stigell; Theodore J
• Application Number:
  US12/121,545
• Publication Number:
  US 20080215005A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,188 Days
• Field of Search: 604/131, 604/132, 604/133, 604/143, 604145-147, 604/151, 604140-141, 604153-154, 604207-209
• US Class Current: 604/141
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 2300/00 Mixtures or combinations of active ingredients, wherein at least one active ingredient is fully defined in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 31/135 having aromatic rings , e.g. ketamine, nortriptyline methadone A61K31/137
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 33/14 Alkali metal chlorides; Alkaline earth metal chlorides
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 33/22 Boron compounds
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2005/1405 Patient controlled analgesia [PCA]
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2005/14204 with gas-producing electrochemical cell
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2005/1426 with means for preventing access to the needle after use
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2005/14533 cam actuated
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2005/31518 designed to reduce the overall size of an injection device, e.g. using flexible or pivotally connected chain-like rod members
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/14216 Reciprocating piston type
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/14248 of the skin patch type
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/1454 spring-actuated, e.g. by a clockwork
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/155 pressurised by gas introduced into the reservoir
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/158 Needles for infusions; Accessories therefor, e.g. for inserting infusion needles, or for holding them on the body
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/2046 Media being expelled from injector by gas generation, e.g. explosive charge
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/31551 including axial movement of dose setting member
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/31571 Means preventing accidental administration for automatic syringes A61M5/20
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/31586 performed by rotationally moving or pivoted actuator, e.g. an injection lever or handle
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 128/12 Pressure infusion
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 29/49826 Assembling or joining

Abstract

A drug delivery device having a housing containing a gas generator controlled by an electronic controller. The gas generator generates gas into a reciprocable chamber, whereby reciprocation of the chamber causes a lever to reciprocate a pawl, and this action causes a ratchet to undergo incremental advancement. The device may also be provided with manual control for delivering a bolus dose of drug when necessary.

Claims

1. A drug delivery device comprising:

(a) a housing containing a drug reservoir;

(b) means for expelling drug from the drug reservoir;

(c) a ratchet mechanism in communication with the expelling means, the ratchet mechanism being operable to undergo incremental advancement and thereby drive the drug from the reservoir in a series of fixed increments, wherein the ratchet mechanism comprises a helical spring having coils, and one or more fingers which make a ratcheting engagement with the coils of the spring;

(d) a member operatively associated with the ratchet mechanism to cause the incremental advancement of said ratchet mechanism as the member moves in a first direction; and

(e) a delivery mechanism located within the housing and operable to expand a chamber, the member being in transmission relation to the chamber, whereby the member is driven by the movement of the chamber to advance the delivery helical spring and thereby drive the drug from the reservoir in the series of fixed increments, each of the fixed increments corresponding to a respective advancement of the ratchet mechanism.

2. The drug delivery device according to claim 1, wherein the helical spring is caused to advance as the chamber undergoes expansion.

3. The drug delivery device according to claim 1, wherein one or more fixed fingers are mounted in fixed position relative to the housing, and one or more reciprocable fingers are mounted on the ratchet mechanism, such that when the one or more reciprocable fingers move in a first direction they engage the coils of the helical spring to drive the helical spring in the first direction, and when the one or more reciprocable fingers move in an opposite direction, the one or more fixed fingers engage with and hold the coils of the helical spring preventing it being driven back in a second direction, whereby the fixed and reciprocable fingers co-operate to drive the helical spring in one direction only.

4. The drug delivery device according to claim 3, wherein one or each of said one or more fixed fingers is inclined in the first direction.

5. The drug delivery device according to claim 3, wherein the position of the one or more fixed fingers relative to the one or more reciprocable fingers is such that the helical spring is driven by the reciprocable fingers towards the fixed fingers.

6. The drug delivery device according to claim 3, wherein the minimum distance between the fixed and reciprocable fingers, respectively, is not greater than ten times the distance between adjacent coils of the helical spring when the helical spring is in a relaxed position.

7. The drug delivery device according to claim 6, wherein the minimum distance between the fixed and reciprocable fingers, respectively, is not greater than five times the distance between adjacent coils of the helical spring when the helical spring is in a relaxed position.

8. The drug delivery device according to claim 7, wherein the minimum distance between the fixed and reciprocable fingers, respectively, is not greater than twice the distance between adjacent coils of the helical spring when the helical spring is in a relaxed position.

9. The drug delivery device according to claim 8, wherein the minimum distance between the fixed and reciprocable fingers, respectively, is approximately equal to the distance between adjacent coils of the helical spring when the helical spring is in a relaxed position.

10. The drug delivery device according to claim 1, wherein the expelling means comprises a piston.

11. The drug delivery device according to claim 1, wherein the delivery mechanism comprises a gas generator.