Battery characterization technique accounting for offset error

• US 7,999,515 B2
• Filed: 07/26/2004
• Issued: 08/16/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 07/24/2003
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Cochlear Limited
• Original Assignee: Cochlear Limited
• Inventors: Nygard, Tony M., Elias, Benjamin N.
• Primary Examiner(s): Berhane; Adolf
• Assistant Examiner(s): PHAM, EMILY P
• Application Number:
  US10/565,210
• Publication Number:
  US 20080054847A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,577 Days
• Field of Search: 320/122, 320/136, 320/137, 320/130, 320/DIG.12, 320/132, 320/101, 607/4, 607/5, 607/9, 607/27, 607/29, 607/137, 607 32- 34, 607/60, 607/61, 600/379, 307/66, 307/46, 381322-324, 381/326, 381/380
• US Class Current: 320/136
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00734 battery operated
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36038 Cochlear stimulation
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/385 Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables for monitoring G01R31/382
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/23 The load being a medical device, a medical implant, or a life supporting device
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0069 Charging or discharging for charge maintenance, battery initiation or rejuvenation
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00714 in response to battery charging or discharging current
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/007182 in response to battery voltage

Abstract

The present invention provides a system and method for operating a rechargeable battery, the system comprising: current maintaining device for maintaining a predetermined current to the rechargeable battery until the rechargeable battery reaches a predetermined maximum voltage; voltage maintaining device for maintaining a predetermined voltage to the rechargeable battery until a predetermined minimum current is delivered to the rechargeable battery; determining device for determining a cyclical charge value delivered to the rechargeable battery by the current maintaining device and the voltage maintaining device during a cycle; and a correction device for correcting the determining device when charge is not being delivered to the rechargeable battery, on the basis of the charge value.

Claims

1. A system for operating a rechargeable battery, said system comprising:

means for charging said rechargeable battery to a predetermined maximum voltage;

means for determining a first dynamic charging range for the rechargeable battery for a first plurality of charging cycles; and

means for calculating an offset error for said determining means while there is no more than a relatively low load on the rechargeable battery,

wherein the means for charging comprises;

means for delivering a predetermined charging current to the battery until the battery is charged to the predetermined maximum voltage; and

means for successively delivering progressively smaller charging currents to the battery until a predetermined minimum charging current of the progressively smaller charging currents is reached, wherein each of progressively smaller charging currents is delivered to the battery until the battery is charged to the predetermined maximum voltage.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein the charging means is configured to deliver the decreasing charging currents after charging the rechargeable battery to said predetermined maximum voltage using the predetermined charging current.

3. The system according to claim 1, wherein said predetermined charging current and said predetermined minimum charging current are different.

4. The system according to claim 1, wherein said predetermined charging current may be dynamically adjusted based on parameters of said rechargeable battery.

5. The system according to claim 1, wherein said predetermined minimum charging current may be dynamically adjusted based on parameters of said rechargeable battery.

6. The system according to claim 1, wherein said predetermined maximum voltage may be dynamically adjusted based on parameters of said rechargeable battery.

7. The system according to claim 1, wherein said predetermined minimum charging current is less than 1 ampere.

8. The system according to claim 1, wherein said rechargeable battery is used for an implantable medical device.

9. The system according to claim 8, wherein said implantable medical device is a prosthetic hearing implant.

10. The system of claim 1, wherein the first dynamic charging range comprises first upper and lower charge values for the battery, wherein the first dynamic charge range is calculated based on a cumulative amount of charge delivered to the rechargeable battery during a first initial cycle,

wherein the means for charging is configured to charge the rechargeable battery until the cumulative amount of charge equals the first upper charge value during each of the plurality of first charging cycles.

11. The system of claim 10, wherein the means for determining is configured to determine a second dynamic charging range for the rechargeable battery for a second plurality of charging cycles,

wherein the second dynamic charging range comprises second upper and lower charge values for the rechargeable battery, wherein the second dynamic charge range is calculated based on a cumulative amount of charge delivered to the rechargeable battery during a second initial cycle after the plurality of first charging cycles, and

wherein the means for charging is configured to charge the rechargeable battery until the cumulative amount of charge equals the second upper charge value during each of the plurality of second charging cycles.

12. The system according to claim 1, wherein the means for calculating the offset error calculates the offset error for said determining means while there is no load on the rechargeable battery.

13. A battery charger for a rechargeable battery of an electronic device, the battery charger comprising:

a charge controller configured to charge the rechargeable battery during a cycle; and

a measuring circuit configured to measure parametric data during the cycle, and to calculate an offset error of the measuring circuit while no load is placed on the rechargeable battery,

wherein the measuring circuit comprises;

a differential amplifier configured to amplify voltage drop across a sense resistor, and to output a current signal proportional to current flowing into or out of the rechargeable battery based thereon;

an integrator configured to integrate the current signals from the differential amplifier;

a detection block configured to output a voltage signal when the integration of the integrator reaches a threshold value; and

digital logic configured to count the number of received output voltage signals.

14. The battery charger according to claim 13, wherein said measuring circuit is further configured to compensate for the calculated offset error of the measuring circuit.

15. The battery charger according to claim 13, wherein said parametric data includes a cumulative amount of charge delivered to the rechargeable battery during the first cycle.

16. The battery charger according to claim 13, wherein said electronic device is an implantable medical device.

17. The battery charger according claim 16, wherein the implantable medical device is a receiver/stimulator unit of prosthetic hearing implant system.

18. The battery charger of claim 13, further comprising:

an auxiliary power source configured to power the electronic device independently of the rechargeable battery, and configured to power the measuring circuit independently of the rechargeable battery.

19. The battery charger according to claim 13, wherein the

digital logic receives the detection signals from the detection block, maintain a count of the number of the detection signals received, and generate an asynchronous interrupt after receiving a predetermined number of the detection signals.

20. The battery charger of claim 19, wherein the measuring circuit further comprises:

a microcontroller configured to receive the asynchronous interrupt, calculate the offset error, and compensate for the offset error.

21. The battery charger of claim 19, wherein the measuring circuit is configured to periodically adjust the count maintained by the digital logic circuit so as to compensate for the calculated offset error of the measuring circuit.

22. The battery charger of claim 19, wherein the measuring circuit is configured to provide a clock signal to the digital logic circuit, wherein the digital logic circuit adjusts the count in accordance with a frequency of the clock signal so as to compensate for the calculated offset error of the measuring circuit, and wherein the frequency of the clock signal is the same as a frequency at which the detection block outputs the detection signals while no load is placed on the rechargeable battery.

23. The battery charger according to claim 13, wherein the measuring circuit is configured to calculate the offset error by calculating an offset current value of the measuring circuit, and is configured to compensate for the calculated offset error of the measuring circuit by providing to the integrator a compensating current value, wherein the offset current value and the compensating current value have the same magnitude and opposite signs.

24. The battery charger of claim 13, wherein the detection block is configured to receive an output voltage from the integrator, and wherein the output voltage signal outputted by the detection block is an output detection signal each indicating that a quantized unit of charge has been processed.

25. A battery charger for a rechargeable battery of an electronic device, the battery charger comprising:

a charge controller configured to charge the rechargeable battery during a first cycle;

a measuring circuit configured to measure one or more parametric data during the first cycle, and to calculate an offset error of the measuring circuit while no more than a relatively low load is placed on the rechargeable battery,

wherein the measuring circuit comprises;

a differential amplifier configured to amplify voltage drop across a sense resistor, and to output a current signal proportional to current flowing into or out of the rechargeable battery based thereon;

an integrator configured to integrate the current signals from the differential amplifier;

a detection block configured to receive an output voltage from the integrator, and configured to output detection signals each indicating that a quantized unit of charge has been processed; and

digital logic configured to count the number of received output detection signals.

26. The battery charger of claim 25, further comprising:

an auxiliary power source configured to power the electronic device independently of the rechargeable battery, and configured to power the measuring circuit independently of the rechargeable battery.

27. The battery charger according to claim 25, wherein the

digital logic receives the detection signals from the detection block, maintain a count of the number of the detection signals received, and generate an asynchronous interrupt after receiving a predetermined number of the detection signals.

28. The battery charger of claim 27, wherein the measuring circuit further comprises:

a microcontroller configured to receive the asynchronous interrupt, calculate the offset error, and compensate for the offset error.

29. The battery charger according to claim 25, wherein said measuring circuit is further configured to compensate for the calculated offset error of the measuring circuit.

30. The battery charger according claim 29, wherein the implantable medical device is a receiver/stimulator unit of prosthetic hearing implant system.

31. The battery charger according to claim 25, wherein said electronic device is an implantable medical device.

32. The battery charger according to claim 25, wherein said parametric data includes a cumulative amount of charge delivered to the rechargeable battery during the first cycle.