Method and composition for removing uremic toxins in dialysis processes

• US 8,002,726 B2
• Filed: 08/13/2009
• Issued: 08/23/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 11/13/2001
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Baxter International Inc.
• Original Assignee: Baxter International Inc.
• Inventors: Martis, Leo, Donovan, Brian, Karoor, Sujatha, Sanders, Paul J., Mujais, Salim, Lu, Luis, Morti, Stavroula, Hai, Ton That, Soltys, Paul J., Tandon, Rahul, Katada, Mari
• Primary Examiner(s): Lucchesi; Nicholas D
• Assistant Examiner(s): Bouchelle; Laura A
• Application Number:
  US12/540,861
• Publication Number:
  US 20090301958A1
• Time in Patent Office: 740 Days
• Field of Search: 604/29, 604/5.04, 604/5.01
• US Class Current: 604/5.01
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/155 with treatment-fluid pumping means or components thereof
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/1696 with dialysate regeneration
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/284 Continuous flow peritoneal dialysis [CFPD]
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/287 Dialysates therefor
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 15/00 Separating processes involving the treatment of liquids with solid sorbents using liquid sorbents B01D11/00; ion exchange processes or materials, sorbent materials in general B01J, e.g. sorbents for chromatography B01J20/281; for investigating or analysing materials G01N30/00; Apparatus therefor
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/0211 Compounds of Ti, Zr, Hf
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/0292 Phosphates of compounds other than those provided for in B01J20/048
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/06 comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/20 comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/22 comprising organic material
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/28052 Several layers of identical or different sorbents stacked in a housing, e.g. in a column
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 39/10 Oxides or hydroxides
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 39/12 Compounds containing phosphorus
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 41/10 Inorganic material

Abstract

Methods and devices for providing dialysis treatment are provided. The device includes a resin bed including zirconium phosphate, zirconium oxide, and urease.

Claims

1. A device for removing uremic toxins in a dialysis procedure, the device comprising:

a body having an inlet and an outlet and defining an interior, the interior including a layer comprising urease, a layer comprising zirconium oxide, a layer comprising zirconium phosphate, and a layer comprising carbon; and

the device being so constructed and arranged so that a fluid entering the device contacts the zirconium phosphate layer upon entering the device before contacting the urease layer.

2. The device of claim 1 wherein the zirconium oxide has been modified by removing the nitrate ion.

3. The device of claim 1 wherein the zirconium oxide is in a hydroxyl form.

4. The device of claim 1 wherein the carbon layer is located in juxtaposition to the outlet.

5. The device of claim 4 wherein the fluid flows through the layer of zirconium oxide before entering the carbon layer.

6. The device of claim 1 wherein the zirconium phosphate has a pH of approximately 2 to about 8.

7. The device of claim 1 wherein the zirconium oxide has a pH of approximately 6 to about 13.

8. The device of claim 1 further comprising a second separate layer of zirconium oxide.

9. The device of claim 1 including an open header at each of the inlet and outlet end of the device.

10. The device of claim 1 including an opening for venting a gas to the atmosphere located at the outlet end.

11. A device for removing uremic toxins in a dialysis procedure, the device comprising:

a body having an inlet and an outlet and defining an interior, the interior including;

a modified urease layer comprising a modified urease selected from the group consisting of cross-linked enzyme crystals of urease, a blend of urease and zirconium oxide, alumina-stabilized urease and combinations thereof,

a layer comprising zirconium oxide,

a layer comprising zirconium phosphate, and

a layer comprising carbon; and

the device being so constructed and arranged so that a fluid entering the device contacts the zirconium phosphate layer upon entering the device before contacting the modified urease layer.

12. The device of claim 11 wherein a fluid entering the device contacts the zirconium phosphate layer upon entering the device before contacting the zirconium oxide layer.

13. The device of claim 11 wherein the body further comprises a rough interior surface, the rough interior surface preventing fluid flow along the interior surface.

14. A device for removing uremic toxins in a dialysis procedure, the device comprising:

a body having an inlet and an outlet and defining an interior, the interior including a layer comprising urease, a layer comprising zirconium oxide, a layer comprising zirconium phosphate, and a layer comprising carbon; and

the device being so constructed and arranged so that a fluid entering the device contacts the zirconium phosphate layer upon entering the device before contacting the urease layer, wherein the fluid flows through the urease layer before entering the layer of zirconium oxide.

15. A device for removing uremic toxins in a dialysis procedure, the device comprising:

a body having an inlet and an outlet and defining an interior, the interior including a layer comprising urease, a layer comprising zirconium oxide, a layer comprising zirconium phosphate, and a layer comprising carbon, wherein the zirconium oxide is in a bicarbonate form; and

the device being so constructed and arranged so that a fluid entering the device contacts the zirconium phosphate layer upon entering the device before contacting the urease layer.

16. A device for removing uremic toxins in a dialysis procedure, the device comprising:

a body having an inlet and an outlet and defining an interior, the interior including;

a layer comprising urease, a layer comprising zirconium oxide, a layer comprising zirconium phosphate, and a layer comprising carbon, and

a second separate layer comprising zirconium phosphate, the urease layer positioned between the layer comprising zirconium phosphate and the second separate layer comprising zirconium phosphate; and

the device being so constructed and arranged so that a fluid entering the device contacts the zirconium phosphate layer upon entering the device before contacting the urease layer.

17. A device for removing uremic toxins in a dialysis procedure, the device comprising:

a body having an inlet and an outlet and defining an interior, the interior including;

a modified urease layer comprising a modified urease selected from the group consisting of cross-linked enzyme crystals of urease, a blend of urease and zirconium oxide, alumina-stabilized urease and combinations thereof,

a layer comprising zirconium oxide,

a layer comprising zirconium phosphate, and

a layer comprising carbon, and

a second separate layer comprising zirconium phosphate, the modified urease layer positioned between the layer comprising zirconium phosphate and the second separate layer comprising zirconium phosphate; and

the device being so constructed and arranged so that a fluid entering the device contacts the zirconium phosphate layer upon entering the device before contacting the modified urease layer.