Fuzzy routing

• US 8,005,019 B2
• Filed: 05/10/2005
• Issued: 08/23/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 05/11/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Riverbed Technology, LLC (Riverbed Technology Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: OPNET Technologies Incorporated (Riverbed Technology Incorporated)
• Inventors: Cohen, Alain J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Yao; Kwang B
• Assistant Examiner(s): RUTKOWSKI, JEFFREY M
• Application Number:
  US11/125,562
• Publication Number:
  US 20050255848A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,296 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 370/255
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/02 Topology update or discovery
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/42 Centralised routing
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 40/20 based on geographic position or location
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 40/28 for reactive routing
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 64/00 Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management

Abstract

A system and method optimizes the information flow regarding node location across a network by controlling the propagation of this information based on distance from the node. Location servers that are near to a node receive detailed information regarding the node'"'"'s location; location servers that are farther from the node receive less detailed information. In like manner, periodic updates are provided less frequently to distant location servers, and preferably also based on the velocity of a mobile node, or on a priority associated with the mobile node. The location information provided in a message addressed to a node can be minimal when the message is transmitted, and additional detail can be added to this location information by routing nodes as the message is routed closer to its destination, based on information provided by the location servers.

Claims

1. A router comprising:

a receiver that is configured to receive a message having a destination ID and a destination physical location indicator,

a locator that is configured to;

determine an updated physical location indicator corresponding to the destination ID, and

update the destination physical location indicator in the message with the updated physical location indicator, and

a transmitter that is configured to transmit the message, based on the updated physical location indicator in the message

wherein the locator is further configured to determine the updated physical location indicator and update the destination physical location indicator based on a status of the destination physical location indicator in the message, the status being included in the message.

2. The router of claim 1, wherein the status of the destination physical location indicator in the message includes:

a resolution associated with the destination physical location indicator, a time associated with the destination physical location indicator, and a number of transmissions of the message by other routers.

3. The router of claim 1, wherein the locator is further configured to update the status of the destination physical location indicator when it updates the destination physical location indicator in the message.

4. The router of claim 1, wherein the router is configured to:

store the updated physical location indicator corresponding to the destination ID, and update the destination physical location indicator in other messages that are addressed to the destination ID with the stored updated physical location indicator.

5. The router of claim 1, further including a location server that is configured to:

receive the updated physical location indicator corresponding to the destination ID, store the updated physical location indicator corresponding to the destination ID, and provide the updated physical location indicator to the locator upon request.

6. The router of claim 5, wherein the location server is further configured to forward an abstract physical location indicator corresponding to the destination ID to at least one other location server.

7. The router of claim 1, wherein the transmitter is further configured to transmit the message based on a route followed by the message thus far.

8. The router of claim 1, wherein the transmitter is further configured to transmit the message based on characteristics associated with one or more other routers along a path to the destination physical location indicator.

9. The router of claim 8, wherein the characteristics associated with each other router of the one or more other routers include one or more of:

a location of the other router, neighbors of the other router, location servers associated with the other router, and a location database associated with the other router.

10. A method of routing, comprising:

receiving a message having a destination ID and a destination physical location indicator,

determining an updated physical location indicator corresponding to the destination ID, and

updating the destination physical location indicator in the message with the updated physical location indicator, and

transmitting the message, based on the updated physical location indicator in the message

wherein determining and updating the updated physical location indicator is based on a status of the destination physical location indicator in the message, the status being included in the message.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the status of the destination physical location indicator in the message includes a resolution associated with the destination physical location indicator, a time associated with the destination physical location indicator, and a number of transmissions of the message by other routers.

12. The method of claim 10, wherein updating the destination physical location indicator in the message includes updating the status of the destination physical location indicator.

13. The method of claim 10, including:

storing the updated physical location indicator information corresponding to the destination ID, and updating the destination physical location indicator in other messages that are addressed to the destination ID with the updated physical location indicator.

14. The method of claim 10, including:

receiving the updated physical location indicator corresponding to the destination ID, and storing the updated physical location indicator corresponding to the destination ID.

15. The method of claim 14, including forwarding an abstract physical location indicator corresponding to the destination ID to a node in a network.

16. The method of claim 10, wherein transmitting the message is based on a route followed by the message thus far.

17. The method of claim 10, wherein transmitting the message is based on characteristics associated with one or more routers along a path to the destination physical location indicator.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein the characteristics associated with each router of the one or more routers include one or more of:

a location of the router, neighbors of the router, location servers associated with the router, and a location database associated with the router.