Microradio design, manufacturing method and applications for the use of microradios
First Claim
1. A microradio, comprising:
- a rectifier;
an oscillator;
a hysteretic switch coupled between said rectifier and said oscillator, wherein said hysteretic switch is a switch that allows conduction of electrical current when a threshold voltage is reached and which continues to allow conduction of electrical current until a second lower threshold voltage is reached, at which time conduction ceases; and
,a radiative structure coupled both to said rectifier and said oscillator.
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Abstract
A microradio (10) is provided with a hysteretic switch (16) to permit an optimum range increasing charging cycle, with the charging cycle being long relative to the transmit cycle. Secondly, an ensemble of microradios permits an n2 power enhancement to increase range with coherent operation. Various multi-frequency techniques are used both for parasitic powering and to isolate powering and transmit cycle. Applications for microradios and specifically for ensembles of microradios include authentication, tracking, fluid flowing sensing, identification, terrain surveillance including crop health sensing and detection of improvised explosive devices, biohazard and containment breach detection, and biomedical applications including the use of microradios attached to molecular tags to destroy tagged cells when the microradios are activated. Microradio deployment includes the uses of paints or other coatings containing microradios, greases and aerosols.
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Citations
32 Claims
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1. A microradio, comprising:
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a rectifier; an oscillator; a hysteretic switch coupled between said rectifier and said oscillator, wherein said hysteretic switch is a switch that allows conduction of electrical current when a threshold voltage is reached and which continues to allow conduction of electrical current until a second lower threshold voltage is reached, at which time conduction ceases; and
,a radiative structure coupled both to said rectifier and said oscillator. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30)
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31. A microradio comprising:
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a rectifier; an oscillator; a hysteretic switch coupled between said rectifier and said oscillator; and
,a radiative structure coupled both to said rectifier and said oscillator, said rectifier including a final capacitor, and said hysteretic switch including a first FET transistor coupled between the output of said final capacitor and ground through a pull-up resistor, the gate of said first transistor coupled to a voltage-dividing circuit coupled between the output of said final capacitor and ground, the connection between said pull-up resistor and said first transistor being coupled to the gate of a second FET transistor, said second FET transistor being coupled between the output of said final capacitor and a load, a third FET transistor coupled between the connection between said pull-up resistor and ground and to the gate of said second transistor, the gate of said third transistor being coupled to said load.
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32. A microradio, comprising:
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a rectifier; an oscillator; a hysteretic switch coupled between said rectifier and said oscillator; and
,a radiative structure coupled both to said rectifier and said oscillator, said rectifier including a final capacitor, said hysteretic switch coupling said final capacitor to said oscillator for the powering thereof, said hysteretic switch operative to switch said capacitor to said oscillator when the voltage across said final capacitor is above a predetermined level and for maintaining the connection of said capacitor to said oscillator until such time as the charging on said capacitor drops below a predetermined level, said hysteretic switch preventing the coupling of said final capacitor to said oscillator for a relatively long time compared to the time after said hysteretic switch is activated, such that charge is built up on said final capacitor over a relatively long time, whereupon said final capacitor is coupled to said oscillator to discharge through said oscillator in a relatively short period of time, such that the power built up in said final capacitor over a relatively long period of time is discharged quickly through said oscillator to allow said oscillator to produce a microburst of energy.
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Specification