Preamble detection with multiple receive antennas

• US 8,014,456 B1
• Filed: 06/19/2007
• Issued: 09/06/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 05/31/2006
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: NXP USA, Inc. (NXP Semiconductors NV)
• Original Assignee: Marvell International Limited (Marvell Technology Group Limited)
• Inventors: Lou, Hui-Ling, Lee, Jongwon
• Primary Examiner(s): Fan; Chieh M
• Assistant Examiner(s): Vlahos; Sophia
• Application Number:
  US11/820,397
• Time in Patent Office: 1,540 Days
• Field of Search: 375/130, 375/142, 375147-150, 375/219, 375/316, 375/136, 375144-145, 375/260, 375/340, 375342-343, 375/347
• US Class Current: 375/260
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/2655 Synchronisation arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/2657 Carrier synchronisation
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/2675 Pilot or known symbols

Abstract

A system includes a differential demodulation module that differentially demodulates modulated signals received from R antennas. A first summing module sums the differentially demodulated signals to generate a combined signal. A state detection module detects states of X symbols in the combined signal. A second summing module (i) receives Y preamble sequences each comprising X predetermined symbols and (ii) generates X sums for each of the Y preamble sequences by adding each of the states of the X symbols with corresponding states of the X predetermined symbols of each of Y preamble sequences. The states of the X predetermined symbols are generated by inverting states of derived symbols in derived preamble sequences, which are derived from the Y preamble sequences. Each of the Y preamble sequences is different from others of the Y preamble sequences. R, X, and Y are integers greater than 1.

Claims

1. A system comprising:

a differential demodulation module that (i) receives modulated signals from R antennas and (ii) differentially demodulates said modulated signals to generate differentially demodulated signals, where R is an integer greater than 1;

a first summing module that sums said differentially demodulated signals to generate a combined signal;

a state detection module that detects states of X symbols in said combined signal, where X is an integer greater than 1, and where each of said X symbols has one of a first state and a second state; and

a second summing module that (i) receives Y preamble sequences each comprising X predetermined symbols and (ii) generates X sums for each of said Y preamble sequences by adding each of said states of said X symbols with corresponding states of said X predetermined symbols of each of Y preamble sequences, where Y is an integer greater than 1,

wherein said states of said X predetermined symbols are generated by inverting states of derived symbols in derived preamble sequences,

wherein said derived preamble sequences are derived from said Y preamble sequences,

wherein each of said Y preamble sequences is different from others of said Y preamble sequences, and

wherein each of said derived symbols of one of said derived preamble sequences has a first binary value when a corresponding symbol and a symbol adjacent to said corresponding symbol in a corresponding one of said Y preamble sequences have opposite binary values, and said each of said derived symbols has a second binary value that is opposite to said first binary value when said corresponding symbol and said symbol adjacent to said corresponding symbol have the same binary value.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein said modulated signals include sub-carriers that are modulated using orthogonal frequency domain multiplexing (OFDM).

3. The system of claim 2, wherein every P^th one of said sub-carriers is modulated with a preamble symbol from one of said Y preamble sequences, where P is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

4. The system of claim 3, wherein said every P^th one of said sub-carriers has one of substantially the same channel phase and substantially the same differential channel phase.

5. The system of claim 3, wherein said differential demodulation module generates said differentially demodulated signals by multiplying a Q^th one of said modulated signals by a complex conjugate of a (Q+P)^th one of said modulated signals, where Q is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

6. The system of claim 5, wherein said states of said X symbols in said combined signal are states of real parts of said X symbols when imaginary parts of said X symbols are approximately equal to zero.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein said X sums are modulo-2 sums.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein said states of said X predetermined symbols are generated by inverting states of derived symbols in derived preamble sequences, wherein said derived preamble sequences are derived from said Y preamble sequences, and wherein each of said Y preamble sequences is different from others of said Y preamble sequences.

9. The system of claim 1, wherein said derived preamble sequences have a cross-correlation value that is less than or equal to a predetermined cross-correlation threshold.

10. The system of claim 9, wherein said predetermined cross-correlation threshold is less than approximately 0.2 for an orthogonal frequency domain multiplexing (OFDM) system using a 1024 fast Fourier transform (FFT) mode.

11. The system of claim 1, wherein said modulated signals include a fractional carrier frequency offset (CFO) that generates a phase error that is substantially the same in each one of said modulated signals.

12. The system of claim 1, wherein said modulated signals include an integer carrier frequency offset (CFO) that generates a phase error that is substantially the same in each one of said modulated signals.

13. A physical layer (PHY) device comprising:

the system of claim 1; and

R transceiver modules in communication with said differential demodulation module, wherein said R transceiver modules receive said modulated signals.

14. A network device comprising:

the PHY device of claim 13; and

said R antennas that communicate with corresponding ones of said R transceiver modules.

15. A system comprising:

a differential demodulation module that (i) receives modulated signals from R antennas and (ii) differentially demodulates said modulated signals to generate differentially demodulated signals, where R is an integer greater than 1;

a first summing module that sums said differentially demodulated signals to generate a combined signal;

a state detection module that detects states of X symbols in said combined signal, where X is an integer greater than 1, and where each of said X symbols has one of a first state and a second state;

a second summing module that (i) receives Y preamble sequences each comprising X predetermined symbols and (ii) generates X sums for each of said Y preamble sequences by adding each of said states of said X symbols with corresponding states of said X predetermined symbols of each of Y preamble sequences, where Y is an integer greater than 1, wherein said second summing module generates cross-correlation values by adding said X sums generated for each of said Y preamble sequences;

a control module in communication with said differential demodulation module and said second summing module, wherein said control module (i) selects a largest one of said cross-correlation values, and (ii) detects one of said Y preamble sequences in said modulated signals when said largest one of said cross-correlation values is greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold; and

a correlation module in communication with said differential demodulation module and said control module, wherein said correlation module generates correlation values by correlating (i) at least one of said differentially demodulated signals and (ii) at least one of derived preamble sequences that generate at least two of said cross-correlation values, wherein said cross-correlation values are greater than said predetermined threshold and are substantially the same.

16. The system of claim 15, wherein said predetermined threshold is based on a signal strength of said modulated signals.

17. The system of claim 15, wherein, based on said one of said Y preamble sequences detected in said modulated signals, said control module identifies a segment of a base station that transmitted said modulated signals.

18. The system of claim 15, wherein said control module selects said largest of said cross-correlation values based on a signal strength of said modulated signals.

19. The system of claim 15, wherein said control module (i) selects one of said correlation values having a largest real part, (ii) detects one of said Y preamble sequences in said modulated signals based on said largest real part, and (iii) identifies, based on said one of said Y preamble sequence detected in said modulated signals, a segment of a base station that transmitted said modulated signals.

20. The system of claim 15, wherein said control module (i) selects one of said correlation values having a largest magnitude, (ii) detects one of said preamble sequences in said modulated signals based on said largest magnitude, and (iii) identifies, based on said one of said Y preamble sequence detected in said modulated signals, a segment of a base station that transmitted said modulated signals.

21. The system of claim 15, wherein said control module generates an estimate for an integer carrier frequency offset (CFO) present in said modulated signals when said control module selects said largest of said cross-correlation values.

22. A method comprising:

receiving modulated signals from R antennas, where R is an integer greater than 1;

differentially demodulating said modulated signals to generate differentially demodulated signals;

summing said differentially demodulated signals to generate a combined signal;

detecting states of X symbols in said combined signal, where X is an integer greater than 1, and where each of said X symbols has one of a first state and a second state;

receiving Y preamble sequences each comprising X predetermined symbols;

generating X sums for each of said Y preamble sequences by adding each of said states of said X symbols with corresponding states of said X predetermined symbols of each of Y preamble sequences, where Y is an integer greater than 1; and

generating said states of said X predetermined symbols by inverting states of derived symbols in derived preamble sequences,

wherein said derived preamble sequences are derived from said Y preamble sequences,

wherein each of said Y preamble sequences is different from others of said Y preamble sequences, and

wherein each of said derived symbols of one of said derived preamble sequences has a first binary value when a corresponding symbol and a symbol adjacent to said corresponding symbol in a corresponding one of said Y preamble sequences have opposite binary values, and said each of said derived symbols has a second binary value that is opposite to said first binary value when said corresponding symbol and said symbol adjacent to said corresponding symbol have the same binary value.

23. The method of claim 22, further comprising differentially demodulating said modulated signals that include sub-carriers modulated using orthogonal frequency domain multiplexing (OFDM).

24. The method of claim 23, wherein every P^th one of said sub-carriers is modulated with a preamble symbol from one of said Y preamble sequences, where P is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

25. The method of claim 24, wherein said every P^th one of said sub-carriers has one of substantially the same channel phase and substantially the same differential channel phase.

26. The method of claim 24, further comprising generating said differentially demodulated signals by multiplying a Q^th one of said modulated signals by a complex conjugate of a (Q+P)^th one of said modulated signals, where Q is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

27. The method of claim 26, wherein said states of said X symbols in said combined signal are states of real parts of said X symbols when imaginary parts of said X symbols are approximately equal to zero.

28. The method of claim 22, wherein said X sums are modulo-2 sums.

29. The method of claim 22, further comprising generating said states of said X predetermined symbols by inverting states of derived symbols in derived preamble sequences, wherein said derived preamble sequences are derived from said Y preamble sequences, and wherein each of said Y preamble sequences is different from others of said Y preamble sequences.

30. The method of claim 22, wherein said derived preamble sequences have a cross-correlation value that is less than or equal to a predetermined cross-correlation threshold.

31. The method of claim 30, wherein said predetermined cross-correlation threshold is less than approximately 0.2 for an orthogonal frequency domain multiplexing (OFDM) method using a 1024 fast Fourier transform (FFT) mode.

32. The method of claim 22, further comprising differentially demodulating said modulated signals that include a fractional carrier frequency offset (CFO), wherein said fractional CFO generates a phase error that is substantially the same in each one of said modulated signals.

33. The method of claim 22, further comprising differentially demodulating said modulated signals that include an integer carrier frequency offset (CFO), wherein said integer CFO generates a phase error that is substantially the same in each one of said modulated signals.

34. The method of claim 22, further comprising receiving said modulated signals from said R antennas via corresponding ones of R transceiver modules of a physical layer (PHY) device.

35. A method comprising:

receiving modulated signals from R antennas, where R is an integer greater than 1;

differentially demodulating said modulated signals to generate differentially demodulated signals;

summing said differentially demodulated signals to generate a combined signal;

detecting states of X symbols in said combined signal, where X is an integer greater than 1, and where each of said X symbols has one of a first state and a second state;

receiving Y preamble sequences each comprising X predetermined symbols;

generating X sums for each of said Y preamble sequences by adding each of said states of said X symbols with corresponding states of said X predetermined symbols of each of Y preamble sequences, where Y is an integer greater than 1;

generating cross-correlation values by adding said X sums generated for each of said Y preamble sequences;

selecting a largest one of said cross-correlation values and detecting one of said Y preamble sequences in said modulated signals when said largest one of said cross-correlation values is greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold; and

generating correlation values by correlating at least one of said differentially demodulated signals and at least one of derived preamble sequences that generate at least two of said cross-correlation values, wherein said cross-correlation values are greater than said predetermined threshold and are substantially the same.

36. The method of claim 35, further comprising calculating said predetermined threshold based on a signal strength of said modulated signals.

37. The method of claim 35, further comprising identifying, based on said one of said Y preamble sequences detected in said modulated signals, a segment of a base station that transmitted said modulated signals.

38. The method of claim 35, further comprising selecting said largest of said cross-correlation values based on a signal strength of said modulated signals.

39. The method of claim 35, further comprising (i) selecting one of said correlation values having a largest real part, (ii) detecting one of said Y preamble sequences in said modulated signals based on said largest real part, and (iii) identifying, based on said one of said Y preamble sequence detected in said modulated signals, a segment of a base station that transmitted said modulated signals.

40. The method of claim 35, further comprising (i) selecting one of said correlation values having a largest magnitude, (ii) detecting one of said preamble sequences in said modulated signals based on said largest magnitude, and (iii) identifying, based on said one of said Y preamble sequence detected in said modulated signals, a segment of a base station that transmitted said modulated signals.

41. The method of claim 35, further comprising generating an estimate for an integer carrier frequency offset (CFO) present in said modulated signals when selecting said largest of said cross-correlation values.