Power output device with fuel cell and method therefor

• US 8,017,276 B2
• Filed: 03/02/2007
• Issued: 09/13/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 06/15/2001
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Inventors: Kotoh, Takashi, Fujita, Tatsuya, Mizuno, Hideaki, Watanabe, Nobuo, Matsumoto, Tadaichi, Niimi, Yasuhiko
• Primary Examiner(s): HODGE, ROBERT W
• Application Number:
  US11/681,618
• Publication Number:
  US 20070154756A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,656 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 429/432
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2260/162 of electrical cells or capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/33 by cooling
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/34 by heating
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/40 for controlling a combination of batteries and fuel cells
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 16/006 of fuel cells with rechargeable batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/04365 of other components of a fuel cell or fuel cell stacks
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/04373 of auxiliary devices, e.g. reformers, compressors, burners
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/04589 of fuel cell stacks
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/04619 of fuel cell stacks
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/04626 of auxiliary devices, e.g. batteries, capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/04753 of fuel cell reactants
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/04776 at auxiliary devices, e.g. reformer, compressor, burner
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/0494 of fuel cell stacks
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/04947 of auxiliary devices, e.g. batteries, capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/04992 characterised by the implementation of mathematical or computational algorithms, e.g. feedback control loops, fuzzy logic, neural networks or artificial intelligence
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/50 Fuel cells
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/40 Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells

Abstract

An output limitation warning lamp is turned on when a possible output Qf of the fuel cell is less than a predetermined value L2. The output limitation warning lamp is provided at a combination meter in an instrument panel. The output limitation warning lamp is also turned on when a possible output Qb of the secondary battery is less than a predetermined value L3. Furthermore, the output limitation warning lamp is also turned on when an allowable drive output Qh, which is the sum of the possible output Qf of the fuel cell and the possible output Qb of the secondary battery, has been less than a required output Ed* calculated at a step before carrying out output limitation to more than a certain extent for longer than a predetermined length of time.

Claims

1. A power output device comprising:

a fuel cell;

a fuel cell characteristic detecting device which detects a characteristic of the fuel cell;

a calculation device that calculates a parameter corresponding to a possible electric power of the fuel cell derived from data stored in a memory based on the characteristic detected by the cell characteristic detecting device;

a determining device that compares the calculated parameter with a predetermined value and for determining whether the possible electric power constitutes a power shortage; and

a notification device that provides a notification of the power shortage to a user or driver when the determining device has determined that a power shortage exists.

2. The power output device according to claim 1, wherein the calculation device includes a device that calculates the possible electric power value as a maximum output under a rated voltage according to the detected cell characteristic.

3. The power output device according to claim 1, wherein:

the fuel cell characteristic detecting device includes a fuel cell state detecting device that detects a state of the fuel cell; and

the calculation device includes a device that calculates the possible electric power as an amount of limiting output for limiting an output of the fuel cell.

4. The power output device according to claim 3, wherein the characteristic of the fuel cell detected through the fuel cell state detecting device at least includes a temperature of the fuel cell.

5. The power output device according to claim 1, wherein:

the fuel cell characteristic detecting device includes a fuel pump state detecting device that detects a state of a fuel pump for supplying fuel gas to the fuel cell; and

the calculation device includes a device that calculates the possible electric power as an amount of limiting fuel gas for limiting the amount of the fuel gas supplied from the fuel pump.

6. The power output device according to claim 5, wherein the state of the fuel pump detected through the fuel pump state detecting device is a temperature of a motor for the fuel pump.

7. The power output device according to claim 1, wherein:

the fuel cell characteristic detecting device includes a compressor state detecting device that detects a state of a compressor for supplying pressurized oxidizing gas to the fuel cell; and

the calculation device includes a device that calculates the possible electric power value as an amount of limiting oxidizing gas for limiting the amount of the oxidizing gas supplied from the compressor.

8. The power output device according to claim 7, wherein the state of the compressor detected through the compressor state detecting device is a temperature of a motor for the compressor.

9. The power output device according to claim 1, wherein the notification device includes a notification lamp for visually carrying out the notification.

10. The power output device according to claim 1, wherein the notification device provides the notification of the power shortage when the state of power shortage is determined by the determining device while the fuel cell outputs electric power.

11. The power output device according to claim 9, wherein the notification device switches the notification lamp from turning off to lighting to provide the notification of power shortage.

12. A vehicle comprising:

the power output device according to claim 1; and

a motor that generates thrust of the vehicle by electric power from the fuel cell, wherein the notification device provides the notification of power shortage when the state of power shortage is determined by the determining device while the vehicle is running by the motor.

14. The power output device according to claim 1, further including:

an idle determining device which determines whether an idling condition is present;

wherein the calculation device calculates the possible electric power in response to a determination that the idling condition is present, such that the possible electric power is calculated during idling; and

wherein the notification device provides the notification when a state of power shortage is determined based on the calculation of the possible electric power during the idling condition.

15. The power output device according to claim 14, wherein the calculation device includes a plurality of maps for respective different values of the detected characteristic at the idling condition.

16. The power output device according to claim 14, wherein the detected characteristic is a fuel cell temperature and wherein the calculation device includes a plurality of maps for indicating possible electric power values for different temperatures detected during idling.

17. The power output device according to claim 1, wherein the characteristic detected by the fuel cell characteristic detecting device is a fuel cell temperature, and the calculation device calculates the possible electric power based on the detected temperature.

18. The power output device according to claim 17, wherein the detected fuel cell temperature is an idling temperature.

19. The power output device according to claim 18, wherein the calculation device includes a plurality of maps corresponding to different idling temperatures, and wherein the plurality of maps indicate a possible power for a plurality of idling temperatures.

20. A power output device according to claim 19, wherein each map includes a voltage-current characteristic of the fuel cell for a corresponding idling temperature.

13. A power output device comprising:

a fuel cell;

a cell characteristic detecting device that detects a temperature of the fuel cell;

a calculation device which calculates a possible electric power of the fuel cell based on the detected temperature;

a determining device that determines whether the possible electric power from the fuel cell constitutes a power shortage on the basis of the calculated possible electric power calculated by the calculation device; and

a notification device that provides a notification of the power shortage to a user or driver when the existence of a power shortage has been determined by the determining device.

21. The power output device according to claim 13, wherein the calculation device calculates the possible electric power from a plurality of voltage-current relationships corresponding to a plurality of different fuel cell temperatures.

22. The power output device according to claim 21, wherein the plurality of relationships are provided in the form of a plurality of maps with each map corresponding to a different temperature.

23. The power output device according to claim 13, further including:

an idle determining device which determines whether an idling condition is present;

wherein the detecting device and the calculation device respectively detect the temperature and calculate the possible electric power in response to a determination that the idling condition is present.