Radio tag and system
First Claim
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1. A system for detection and tracking of entities, said system comprising:
- a) a low frequency radio tag, carried by each of the entities, said tag comprising;
(i) a tag communication antenna, operable at a first radio frequency not exceeding one megahertz;
(ii) a transceiver, operatively connected to said tag communication antenna, said transceiver being operable to transmit and receive data signals at said first radio frequency;
(iii) a data storage device, operable to store data comprising identification data for identifying said low frequency radio tag;
(iv) a programmed data processor, operable to process data received from said transceiver and said data storage device, and to send data to cause said transceiver to emit an identification signal based upon said identification data stored in said data storage device; and
(v) an energy source for activating said transceiver and said data processor, said energy source comprising a tag energization antenna operable to receive radio frequency energy from an ambient radio frequency field of a second radio frequency;
b) at least one field communication antenna disposed within a distance from each entity that permits effective communication therewith at said first radio frequency;
c) a reader, in operative communication with said field communication antenna, said reader being operable to receive data signals from said low frequency radio tags;
d) a transmitter in operative communication with said field antenna, said transmitter being operable to send data signals to said low frequency radio tags;
e) a central data processor in operative communication with said reader and transmitter; and
f) a field energization antenna operable to produce said ambient radio frequency at the tag energization antenna of said tag.
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Abstract
Passive tags use two antennas with only limited mutual coupling, one of which receives a power/clock field and the other of which receives a data signal. An area-reading antenna, or two or more antennas, are deployed to generate the power/clock field, from a base station. The base station, or active tags, or both, generate the data signals from time to time. This topology together with the use of low frequencies permits area reads, and permits small and economical passive tags, and further permits localization of a particular passive tag as being nearby to a particular active tag.
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Citations
71 Claims
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1. A system for detection and tracking of entities, said system comprising:
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a) a low frequency radio tag, carried by each of the entities, said tag comprising; (i) a tag communication antenna, operable at a first radio frequency not exceeding one megahertz; (ii) a transceiver, operatively connected to said tag communication antenna, said transceiver being operable to transmit and receive data signals at said first radio frequency; (iii) a data storage device, operable to store data comprising identification data for identifying said low frequency radio tag; (iv) a programmed data processor, operable to process data received from said transceiver and said data storage device, and to send data to cause said transceiver to emit an identification signal based upon said identification data stored in said data storage device; and (v) an energy source for activating said transceiver and said data processor, said energy source comprising a tag energization antenna operable to receive radio frequency energy from an ambient radio frequency field of a second radio frequency; b) at least one field communication antenna disposed within a distance from each entity that permits effective communication therewith at said first radio frequency; c) a reader, in operative communication with said field communication antenna, said reader being operable to receive data signals from said low frequency radio tags; d) a transmitter in operative communication with said field antenna, said transmitter being operable to send data signals to said low frequency radio tags; e) a central data processor in operative communication with said reader and transmitter; and f) a field energization antenna operable to produce said ambient radio frequency at the tag energization antenna of said tag. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27)
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28. A method for detection and tracking of inanimate and animate entities, said method comprising the steps of:
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a) attaching a low frequency radio detection tag to each of the entities, each low frequency radio detection tag comprising; a tag communication antenna operable at a first radio frequency not exceeding 1 megahertz;
a transceiver operatively connected to said tag communication antenna, said transceiver being operable to transmit and receive data signals at said first radio frequency;a data storage device operable to store data comprising identification data for identifying said low frequency radio detection tag, a programmed data processor operable to process data received from said transceiver and said data storage device and to send data to cause said transceiver to emit an identification signal based upon said identification data stored in said data storage device; and an energy source for activating said transceiver and said data processor, said energy source comprising a tag energization antenna operable to receive radio frequency energy from an ambient radio frequency field of a second radio frequency; b) storing, in the data storage device of each low frequency radio detection tag, entity data relating to said entity; c) commingling the entities in a repository, said repository being provided with at least one field communication antenna operable at said first radio frequency, said field communication antenna being disposed at a distance from each entity that permits effective communication therewith at said first radio frequency; d) generating said ambient radio frequency field at the energization tag antenna of each entity by radiating said second radio frequency from a field energization antenna; e) reading the identification data and entity data from the transceiver of each low frequency radio detection tag by interrogating all low frequency radio detection tags in said repository with RF interrogation signals at said first radio frequency via said field communication antenna; and
f) transmitting the identification data and entity data from each low frequency radio detection tag to a central data processor to provide a tally of the entities in said repository. - View Dependent Claims (29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34)
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35. A low frequency radio tag for detection and tracking of animate and inanimate entities, said low frequency radio tag comprising:
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a) a communication antenna operable at a first radio frequency not exceeding 1 megahertz; b) a transceiver operatively connected to said communication antenna, said transceiver being operable to transmit and receive data signals at said first radio frequency; c) a data storage device operable to store data comprising identification data for identifying said low frequency radio tag; d) a data processor operable to process data received from said transceiver and said data storage device and to send data to cause said transceiver to emit an identification signal based upon said identification data stored in said data storage device; and e) an energy source for activating said transceiver and said data processor, said energy source comprising a tag energization antenna operable to receive radio frequency energy from an ambient radio frequency field of a second radio frequency. - View Dependent Claims (36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 71)
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56. An integrated microelectronic device for use in a low frequency radio tag for detection and tracking of animate and inanimate entities, said low frequency radio tag comprising a communication antenna operable at a first radio frequency not exceeding 1 megahertz, said low frequency radio tag further comprising a tag energization antenna operable to receive radio frequency energy from an ambient radio frequency field of a second radio frequency, said microelectronic device comprising:
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a) a transceiver for operative connection to said communication antenna, said transceiver being operable to transmit and receive data signals at said first radio frequency; b) a data storage device operable to store data comprising identification data for identifying said low frequency radio tag; c) a data processor operable to process data received from said transceiver and said data storage device and to send data to cause said transceiver to emit an identification signal based upon said identification data stored in said data storage device; d) an energy source circuit for operative connection to said tag energization antenna for activating said transceiver and said data processor. - View Dependent Claims (57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70)
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Specification