System and method for rebalancing a vehicle battery

• US 8,030,894 B2
• Filed: 08/03/2010
• Issued: 10/04/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 08/03/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Ford Global Technologies, LLC (Ford Motor Company)
• Original Assignee: Ford Global Technologies, LLC (Ford Motor Company)
• Inventors: Gonzales, Philip Michael, Tabatowski-Bush, Benjamin A., Tran, Tuyen Quoc
• Primary Examiner(s): Tso; Edward
• Assistant Examiner(s): Fantu; Yalkew
• Application Number:
  US12/849,281
• Publication Number:
  US 20110163720A1
• Time in Patent Office: 427 Days
• Field of Search: 320/116
• US Class Current: 320/116
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/12 responding to state of charge [SoC]
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/22 Balancing the charge of battery modules
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0014 Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Abstract

A vehicle may include an electric machine, a battery, a driver interface and one or more controllers. The one or more controllers may be configured to determine whether a battery imbalance condition exists, to cause an alert to be generated via the driver interface if a battery imbalance condition exists, to determine whether a response to the alert is received, and to cause the battery to be rebalanced in a single cycle if a response to the alert is received.

Claims

1. A vehicle comprising:

an electric machine configured to generate motive power for the vehicle;

a battery configured to store energy for the electric machine;

a driver interface; and

one or more controllers configured to

determine whether a battery imbalance condition exists,

cause an alert to be generated via the driver interface if a battery imbalance condition exists,

determine whether a response to the alert is received, and

cause the battery to be rebalanced in a single cycle if a response to the alert is received.

2. The vehicle of claim 1 wherein the one or more controllers are further configured to cause the battery to be rebalanced in a plurality of cycles if a response to the alert is not received.

3. The vehicle of claim 1 wherein the battery includes a plurality of cells, wherein the one or more controllers are further configured to monitor a voltage of each of the cells, and wherein the one or more controllers are configured to determine whether a battery imbalance condition exists based on the voltages.

4. The vehicle of claim 1 wherein the one or more controllers are further configured to monitor a vehicle run time and wherein the one or more controllers are configured to determine whether a battery imbalance condition exists based on the vehicle run time.

5. The vehicle of claim 1 wherein the battery includes a plurality of cells, wherein the one or more controllers are further configured to determine a self-discharge rate for each of the cells, and wherein the one or more controllers are configured to determine whether a battery imbalance condition exists based on the self-discharge rates.

6. The vehicle of claim 1 wherein the driver interface is a button, wherein causing an alert to be generated via the driver interface if a battery imbalance condition exists includes causing the button to be illuminated, and wherein determining whether a response to the alert is received includes determining whether the button has been pressed.

7. A method for rebalancing a vehicle battery including a plurality of cells comprising:

determining whether an imbalance condition of the battery exists;

generating an alert if an imbalance condition of the battery exists;

determining whether the battery is to be rebalanced in a single cycle or in a plurality of cycles based on a response from a driver to the alert; and

rebalancing the battery in accordance with the determination.

8. The method of claim 7 further comprising monitoring a voltage of each of the cells and wherein determining whether an imbalance condition of the battery exists includes determining a maximum difference between the voltages.

9. The method of claim 8 wherein determining whether an imbalance condition of the battery exists further includes comparing the maximum difference to a predetermined difference.

10. The method of claim 7 further comprising monitoring a vehicle run time and wherein determining whether an imbalance condition of the battery exists includes comparing the vehicle run time to a predetermined vehicle run time.

11. The method of claim 7 further comprising monitoring, over time, a voltage of each of the cells to determine a self-discharge rate for each of the cells and wherein determining whether an imbalance condition of the battery exists includes comparing each of the self-discharge rates to a predetermined self-discharge rate.

12. The method of claim 11 wherein the predetermined self-discharge rate is temperature dependent.

13. A vehicle comprising:

an electric machine configured to generate motive power for the vehicle;

a battery configured to store energy for the electric machine; and

one or more controllers configured to determine whether to rebalance the battery in a single cycle or in a plurality of cycles and to cause the battery to be rebalanced in accordance with the determination.

14. The vehicle of claim 13 wherein the one or more controllers are further configured to determine whether a battery imbalance condition exists.

15. The vehicle of claim 14 wherein the battery includes a plurality of cells, wherein the one or more controllers are further configured to monitor a voltage of each of the cells, and wherein the one or more controllers are configured to determine whether a battery imbalance condition exists based on the voltages.

16. The vehicle of claim 14 wherein the one or more controllers are further configured to monitor a vehicle run time and wherein the one or more controllers are configured to determine whether a battery imbalance condition exists based on the vehicle run time.

17. The vehicle of claim 14 wherein the battery includes a plurality of cells, wherein the one or more controllers are further configured to determine a self-discharge rate for each of the cells, and wherein the one or more controllers are configured to determine whether a battery imbalance condition exists based on the self-discharge rates.

18. The vehicle of claim 14 further comprising a display and wherein the one or more controllers are further configured to cause an alert to be generated via the display if a battery imbalance condition exists.