Decoding of forward error correction codes in the presence of phase noise

• US 8,040,985 B2
• Filed: 10/09/2007
• Issued: 10/18/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 10/09/2007
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Maxlinear Israel Ltd. (Maxlinear Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: Provigent Ltd. (Maxlinear Incorporated)
• Inventors: Friedmann, Jonathan, Yonesi, Ronen, Montekyo, Zohar
• Primary Examiner(s): Fan; Chieh M
• Assistant Examiner(s): Joseph; Jaison
• Application Number:
  US11/973,464
• Publication Number:
  US 20090092208A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,470 Days
• Field of Search: 375/346, 375/326, 375/316, 375/350, 375/341, 375/340, 714/752, 714/800
• US Class Current: 375/346
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/005 Iterative decoding, including iteration between signal detection and decoding operation
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/205 jitter monitoring

Abstract

A communication receiver includes a front end, which is arranged to receive a Radio Frequency (RF) signal, which includes modulated symbols carrying data that have been encoded by a block Forward Error Correction (FEC) code. The front end converts the RF signal to a sequence of soft received symbols, wherein the soft received symbols are subject to distortion by at least first and second noise components having respective at least first and second statistical distributions. A metric calculation unit is arranged to process the soft received symbols so as to extract parameters indicative of the at least first and second statistical distributions, and to compute FEC metrics based on the extracted parameters. A FEC decoder is arranged to accept the FEC metrics as input, and to process the metrics in an iterative FEC decoding process so as to decode the FEC code and reconstruct the data.

Claims

1. A communication receiver, comprising:

a front end, which is arranged to receive a Radio Frequency (RF) signal, which comprises modulated symbols carrying data that have been encoded by a block Forward Error Correction (FEC) code, and to convert the RF signal to a sequence of soft received symbols, wherein the soft received symbols are subject to distortion by at least first and second noise components having respective at least first and second statistical distributions;

a metric calculation unit, which is arranged to process the soft received symbols so as to extract a first parameter indicative of the first statistical distribution and a second parameter indicative of the second statistical distribution, and to compute FEC metrics based on the extracted first and second parameters by evaluating the FEC metrics responsively to the first statistical distribution over a range of values of the second noise component assuming the second statistical distribution is constant, weighting the evaluated FEC metrics using a weight function, and integrating the weighted FEC metrics over the range of values of the second noise component; and

a FEC decoder, which is arranged to accept the FEC metrics as input, and to process the metrics in an iterative FEC decoding process so as to decode the FEC code and reconstruct the data.

2. The receiver according to claim 1, wherein one of the first and second noise components comprises thermal noise.

3. The receiver according to claim 1, wherein one of the first and second noise components comprises phase noise.

4. The receiver according to claim 1, wherein the FEC code comprises one of a Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) code, a turbo code and a Turbo Product Code (TPC).

5. The receiver according to claim 1, wherein, for a soft received symbol that is received responsively to a modulated symbol and for a target bit in a group of bits represented by the modulated symbol, the metric calculation unit is arranged to approximate a first probability that the target bit equals “

1”

given the soft received symbol, and a second probability that the target bit equals “

0”

given the soft received symbol, and to compute the FEC metrics based on the first and second probabilities.

6. The receiver according to claim 5, wherein the metric calculation unit is arranged to compute one of Log-Likelihood Ratios (LLRs) and Likelihood Ratios (LRs) based on the first and second probabilities.

7. The receiver according to claim 1, wherein the modulated symbols are selected from a predetermined constellation of nominal symbols, and wherein the metric calculation unit is arranged to compute the FEC metrics by comparing the soft received symbols to only two nominal symbols per each of the at least first and second noise components.

8. The receiver according to claim 7, wherein the soft received symbols and the nominal symbols are represented by respective coordinates in an In-phase/Quadrature (I/Q) plane, wherein the at least first and second noise components have respective at least first and second distance metrics in the I/Q plane, and wherein, for a soft received symbol that is received responsively to a modulated symbol and for a target bit in a group of bits represented by the modulated symbol, the two nominal symbols corresponding to a noise component comprise a first nominal symbol that is nearest to the soft received symbol in accordance with a respective distance metric of the noise component within a first subset comprising the nominal symbols whose target bit equals “

0”

, and a second nominal symbol that is nearest to the soft received symbol in accordance with the respective distance metric of the noise component within a second subset comprising the nominal symbols whose target bit equals “

1”

.

9. The receiver according to claim 8, wherein the first noise component comprises thermal noise, wherein the first distance metric comprises Euclidean distance, wherein the second noise component comprises phase noise, and wherein the second distance metric comprises a Euclidean distance metric adjusted by a correction factor derived from the second statistical distribution.

10. The receiver according to claim 1, wherein the metric calculation unit is arranged to compute the FEC metrics by multiplying a first function of the first statistical distribution by a second function of the second statistical distribution.

11. The receiver according to claim 1, wherein the FEC metrics depend on a timing of the soft received symbols.

12. The receiver according to claim 1, wherein the weighting function comprises a Probability Density Function (PDF) of the second noise component.

13. The receiver according to claim 1, wherein the metric calculation unit is arranged to compute the FEC metrics responsively to parameters of the reconstructed data that are fed back from the FEC decoder.

14. A communication receiver, comprising:

a front end, which is arranged to receive a Radio Frequency (RF) signal comprising modulated symbols, which carry data and are selected from a predetermined constellation of nominal symbols that correspond to respective decision regions in an In-phase/Quadrature (I/Q) plane, and to convert the RF signal to a sequence of soft received symbols, wherein the soft received symbols are subject to distortion by at least first and second noise components having respective at least first and second statistical distributions; and

a slicer circuit, which is arranged to convert the soft received symbols to respective hard symbol decisions based on the decision regions in which the soft received symbols fall, to reconstruct the data from the hard symbol decisions, and to modify the decision regions in the I/Q plane responsively to the at least first and second statistical distributions,

wherein the constellation is divided into multiple cosets and wherein each of the nominal symbols represents a respective group of bits, such that one or more of the bits, which are coded by a Forward Error Correction (FEC) code, select a coset from among the cosets and the other bits, which are not coded by the FEC code, select the nominal symbol within the selected coset, and wherein the slicer circuit is arranged to separately modify the decision regions among the nominal symbols of each coset.

15. The receiver according to claim 14, wherein the slicer circuit is arranged to select a configuration of the decision regions from a predetermined set of configurations responsively to the at least first and second statistical distributions.

16. A method for communication, comprising:

receiving a Radio Frequency (RF) signal, which comprises modulated symbols carrying data that have been encoded by a block Forward Error Correction (FEC) code;

converting the RF signal to a sequence of soft received symbols, wherein the soft received symbols are subject to distortion by at least first and second noise components having respective at least first and second statistical distributions;

processing the soft received symbols responsively to the at least first and second statistical distributions, so as to extract from the soft received symbols a first parameter indicative of the first statistical distribution and a second parameter indicative of the second statistical distribution;

computing FEC metrics based on the extracted first and second parameters by evaluating the FEC metrics responsively to the first statistical distribution over a range of values of the second noise component assuming the second statistical distribution is constant, weighting the evaluated FEC metrics using a weight function, and integrating the weighted FEC metrics over the range of values of the second noise component; and

processing the FEC metrics in an iterative FEC decoding process that uses the FEC metrics as input, so as to decode the FEC code and reconstruct the data.

17. The method according to claim 16, wherein, for a soft received symbol that is received responsively to a modulated symbol and for a target bit in a group of bits represented by the modulated symbol, processing the soft received symbols comprises approximating a first probability that the target bit equals “

1”

given the soft received symbol, and a second probability that the target bit equals “

0”

given the soft received symbol, and computing the FEC metrics based on the first and second probabilities.

18. The method according to claim 16, wherein the modulated symbols are selected from a predetermined constellation of nominal symbols, and wherein computing the FEC metrics comprises comparing the soft received symbols to only two nominal symbols per each of the at least first and second noise components.

19. The method according to claim 18, wherein the soft received symbols and the nominal symbols are represented by respective coordinates in an In-phase/Quadrature (I/Q) plane, wherein the at least first and second noise components have respective at least first and second distance metrics in the I/Q plane, and wherein, for a soft received symbol that is received responsively to a modulated symbol and for a target bit in a group of bits represented by the modulated symbol, the two nominal symbols corresponding to a noise component comprise a first nominal symbol that is nearest to the soft received symbol in accordance with a respective distance metric of the noise component within a first subset comprising the nominal symbols whose target bit equals “

0”

, and a second nominal symbol that is nearest to the soft received symbol in accordance with the respective distance metric of the noise component within a second subset comprising the nominal symbols whose target bit equals “

1”

.

20. The method according to claim 16, wherein processing the soft received symbols comprises computing the FEC metrics by multiplying a first function of the first statistical distribution by a second function of the second statistical distribution.

21. The method according to claim 16, wherein processing the soft received symbols comprises computing the FEC metrics responsively to parameters of the reconstructed data that are fed back from an output of the iterative decoding process.

22. A method for communication, comprising:

receiving a Radio Frequency (RF) signal comprising modulated symbols, which carry data and are selected from a predetermined constellation of nominal symbols that correspond to respective decision regions in an In-phase/Quadrature (I/Q) plane;

converting the RF signal to a sequence of soft received symbols, wherein the soft received symbols are subject to distortion by at least first and second noise components having respective at least first and second statistical distributions;

converting the soft received symbols to respective hard symbol decisions based on the decision regions in which the soft received symbols fall, so as to reconstruct the data from the hard symbol decisions; and

modifying the decision regions in the I/Q plane responsively to the at least first and second statistical distributions,

wherein the constellation is divided into multiple cosets and wherein each of the nominal symbols represents a respective group of bits, such that one or more of the bits, which are coded by a Forward Error Correction (FEC) code, select a coset from among the cosets and the other bits, which are not coded by the FEC code, select the nominal symbol within the selected coset, and wherein the slicer circuit is arranged to separately modify the decision regions among the nominal symbols of each coset.

23. A communication receiver, comprising:

a front end, which is arranged to receive a Radio Frequency (RF) signal, which comprises modulated symbols carrying data that have been selected from a constellation of nominal symbols and encoded by a block Forward Error Correction (FEC) code, and to convert the RF signal to a sequence of soft received symbols, wherein the soft received symbols are subject to distortion by at least a thermal noise component and a phase noise component having respective at least first and second statistical distributions;

a metric calculation unit, which is arranged to process the soft received symbols so as to extract parameters indicative of the at least first and second statistical distributions, and to compute FEC metrics based on the extracted parameters, such that computation of each FEC metric is performed only over a respective subset of the nominal symbols that are selected by applying a Euclidean distance metric to the thermal noise component and a modified Euclidean distance metric, modified based on the second noise distribution, to the phase noise component; and

a FEC decoder, which is arranged to accept the FEC metrics as input, and to process the metrics in an iterative FEC decoding process so as to decode the FEC code and reconstruct the data.

24. A method for communication, comprising:

receiving a Radio Frequency (RF) signal, which comprises modulated symbols carrying data that have been selected from a constellation of nominal symbols and encoded by a block Forward Error Correction (FEC) code;

converting the RF signal to a sequence of soft received symbols, wherein the soft received symbols are subject to distortion by at least a thermal noise component and a phase noise component having respective at least first and second statistical distributions;

processing the soft received symbols responsively to the at least first and second statistical distributions, so as to extract from the soft received symbols parameters indicative of the at least first and second statistical distributions;

computing FEC metrics based on the extracted parameters, such that computation of each FEC metric is performed only over a respective subset of the nominal symbols that are selected by applying a Euclidean distance metric to the thermal noise component and a modified Euclidean distance metric, modified based on the second noise distribution, to the phase noise component; and

processing the FEC metrics in an iterative FEC decoding process that uses the FEC metrics as input, so as to decode the FEC code and reconstruct the data.