Non-volatile memory cache performance improvement

• US 8,041,904 B2
• Filed: 11/30/2009
• Issued: 10/18/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 05/03/2004
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Microsoft Technology Licensing LLC (Microsoft Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Microsoft Corporation
• Inventors: Obr, Nathan Steven, Kodavalla, Hanumantha R., Parchem, John M., Powell, Therron, Nagar, Rajeev Y., Stemen, Patrick L., DeWhitt, Dean L., Verma, Surenda, Hill, Emily Nicole, Zbikowski, Mark Joseph, Fortin, Michael R., Ergan, Cenk, Zwilling, Michael J., Westerinen, William J., Nicholson, Clark D., Teodosiu, Dan
• Primary Examiner(s): YU, JAE UN
• Application Number:
  US12/627,710
• Publication Number:
  US 20100077197A1
• Time in Patent Office: 687 Days
• Field of Search: 711/154, 711/161, 711/162, 714/6.1, 713/1
• US Class Current: 711/154
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 12/08 in hierarchically structured memory systems, e.g. virtual memory systems
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 12/0866 for peripheral storage systems, e.g. disk cache
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2212/1016 Performance improvement
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2212/222 Non-volatile memory
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2212/281 Single cache
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2212/305 being part of a memory device, e.g. cache DRAM
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2212/312 In storage controller
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2212/313 In storage device
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/061 Improving I/O performance
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0656 Data buffering arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0679 Non-volatile semiconductor memory device, e.g. flash memory, one time programmable memory [OTP]
• CPC Class Codes: Y02D 10/00 Energy efficient computing, e.g. low power processors, power management or thermal management

Abstract

In order to provide a more efficient persistent storage device, one or more long-term storage media are included along with a non-volatile memory. In one embodiment, one portion of the non-volatile memory is used as a write buffer and a read cache for writes and reads to the long-term storage media. Interfaces are provided for controlling the use of the non-volatile memory as a write buffer and a read cache. Additionally, a portion of the non-volatile memory is used to provide a direct mapping for specified sectors of the long-term storage media. Descriptive data regarding the persistent storage device is stored in another portion of the non-volatile memory.

Claims

1. A method of operating a computer system having a non-volatile memory and a long-term storage medium, the method comprising:

defining in the non-volatile memory, a mapped portion that is mapped to at least one logical sector address, the at least one logical sector address selected for use by an operating system to access said mapped portion in said non-volatile memory;

using said at least one logical sector address for storing in said mapped portion, a first boot data that is used for initializing said computer system;

utilizing said first boot data stored in said non-volatile memory to initialize said computer system; and

defining in the non-volatile memory, a cache portion that is not under direct control of the operating system and is different than the mapped portion which is under exclusive and direct control of the operating system.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

receiving a request to transition said computer system to a shut-down state; and

storing in said mapped portion of the non-volatile memory, a second boot data that is used for a subsequent initialization of said computer system.

3. A computer-readable storage medium having computer-executable instructions to perform the method of claim 1.

4. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

populating the cache portion with specific sectors that are likely to be needed at the time of the next boot.

5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

populating the cache portion with specific sectors that are likely to be needed when the computer system resumes after hibernation.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the long-term storage medium comprises a hard disk and wherein said first boot data stored in said mapped portion of the non-volatile memory permits said computer system to power up in a safe mode for diagnosing a mechanical failure of said hard disk.

7. A method of operating a computer system having a non-volatile memory and a long-term storage medium, comprising:

storing operational data regarding the operations of said computer system in said non-volatile memory;

using said operational data to analyze a failure in the long-term storage medium after an abnormal shutdown of said computer system; and

defining in the non-volatile memory, a first portion that is not under direct control of an operating system of the computer system and is different than a second portion of the non-volatile memory which is under exclusive and direct control of the operating system.

8. The method of claim 7 wherein the operational data is stored in a third portion of the non-volatile memory that is different than the first and second portions of the non-volatile memory.

9. The method of claim 7 wherein the operational data is stored in the second portion of the non-volatile memory.

10. The method of claim 7, wherein the long-term storage medium is a mechanical disk, and the failure is a mechanical failure in the mechanical disk.

11. A computer-readable storage medium having computer-executable instructions to perform the method of claim 7.

12. A method of storing data in a computer system having a non-volatile memory and a long-term storage medium, the method comprising:

storing a first version of data in said non-volatile memory;

storing a second version of data in said non-volatile memory, wherein said second version is a copy of said first version;

updating thereafter, said second version of data with at least one data change; and

defining in the non-volatile memory, a first portion that is not under direct control of an operating system of the computer system and is different than a second portion of the non-volatile memory which is under exclusive and direct control of the operating system.

13. The method of claim 12, further comprising:

providing an indication that said first version of data is a current version of data; and

upon updating of said second version of data, changing said indication to indicate that said first version is an archived version of data.

14. A computer-readable storage medium having computer-executable instructions to perform the method of claim 12.

15. A computer system utilizing a non-volatile memory and a long-term storage medium, the system comprising:

logic for defining in the non-volatile memory, a mapped portion that is mapped to at least one logical sector address, the at least one logical sector address selected for use by an operating system to access said mapped portion in said non-volatile memory;

logic for using said at least one logical sector address for storing in said mapped portion, a first boot data that is used for initializing said computer system;

logic for utilizing said first boot data stored in said non-volatile memory to initialize said computer system; and

logic for defining in the non-volatile memory, a cache portion that is not under direct control of the operating system and is different than the mapped portion which is under exclusive and direct control of the operating system.

16. The computer system of claim 15, further comprising:

logic for receiving a request to transition said computer system to a shut-down state; and

logic for storing in said mapped portion of the non-volatile memory, a second boot data that is used for a subsequent initialization of said computer system.

17. The computer system of claim 16, where said storing second boot data comprises:

logic for performing a preparatory action on said long-term storage medium to prepare said long-term storage medium for activity; and

logic for writing other data from said non-volatile memory to said long-term storage medium.

18. A computer system utilizing a non-volatile memory and a long-term storage medium, the system comprising:

logic for storing operational data regarding the operations of said computer system in said non-volatile memory;

logic for using said operational data to analyze a failure in the long-term storage medium after a failure of said computer system; and

logic for defining in the non-volatile memory, a first portion that is not under direct control of an operating system of the computer system and is different than a second portion of the non-volatile memory which is under exclusive and direct control of the operating system.

19. The computer system of claim 18, wherein the long-term storage medium is a mechanical disk, and the failure is a mechanical failure in the mechanical disk.

20. The method of claim 18 wherein the operational data is stored in the second portion of the non-volatile memory.

21. The method of claim 18 wherein the operational data is stored in a third portion of the non-volatile memory that is different than the first and second portions of the non-volatile memory.

22. A computer system utilizing a non-volatile memory and a long-term storage medium, comprising:

logic for storing a first version of data in said non-volatile memory;

logic for storing a second version of data in said non-volatile memory, wherein said second version is a copy of said first version;

logic for updating thereafter, said second version of data with at least one data change; and

logic for defining in the non-volatile memory, a first portion that is not under direct control of an operating system of the computer system and is different than a second portion of the non-volatile memory which is under exclusive and direct control of the operating system.

23. The computer system of claim 22, further comprising:

logic for providing an indication that said first version of data is a current version of data; and

logic for changing thereafter, said indication to indicate that said first version is an archived version of data.