Passive microwave speed and intrusion detection system
First Claim
1. A method for detecting at least one of temperature, average speed within a receiving antenna lobe and a first source of microwave radiation using passive reception of said microwave radiation, comprising:
- receiving a first microwave radiation signal at a first receiver from the first source, said first receiver including a first antenna having said receiving antenna lobe, a first magnitude of said first received microwave radiation signal being indicative of a first temperature of said first source of said first received microwave radiation signal;
receiving a second microwave radiation signal from said first source at said first receiver later in time, a second magnitude of said second microwave radiation signal being indicative of a second temperature of said first source of said first and said second received microwave radiation signals, wherein the difference in time between receipt of said first and said second microwave radiation signals is indicative of speed of said first source within said receiving antenna lobe, said first and said second microwave radiation signals being within a range of frequencies protected from active transmission in a geographic area encompassing a location of said first receiver, said first and said second microwave radiation signals being in a range of frequencies between 0.5 and 3 GHz; and
calculating average speed of said first source within said receiving antenna lobe from the difference in time between receipt of said first and said second microwave signals and a distance said first source travels within said receiving antenna lobe.
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Accused Products
Abstract
A passive microwave receiver, receiving a WARC protected frequency of 1420 MHz may be used for fire, temperature speed detection and intrusion detection. One or more receiver arrays can be used to provide a plurality of frequency ranges that can be detected. In an interior installation, one or more receiver arrays can be placed inside a wall made of non-metallic substance and capable of passively receiving frequencies at less than 3 GHz. In other embodiments, the receiver and array can be in the form of a hand-held or wearable device. This method and apparatus achieves high performance by exploiting conventional low noise amplification block conversion circuits and provides the detection of thermal signals through clear, smoky, misty, or environmentally untenable conditions as well as the detection of automobiles and intruders via black box emission. A passive microwave detector may be used at a highway where the highway intersects an associated antenna lobe for a distance, mounted on a wall or pole and have line-of-sight view of an intruder or automobile.
58 Citations
18 Claims
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1. A method for detecting at least one of temperature, average speed within a receiving antenna lobe and a first source of microwave radiation using passive reception of said microwave radiation, comprising:
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receiving a first microwave radiation signal at a first receiver from the first source, said first receiver including a first antenna having said receiving antenna lobe, a first magnitude of said first received microwave radiation signal being indicative of a first temperature of said first source of said first received microwave radiation signal; receiving a second microwave radiation signal from said first source at said first receiver later in time, a second magnitude of said second microwave radiation signal being indicative of a second temperature of said first source of said first and said second received microwave radiation signals, wherein the difference in time between receipt of said first and said second microwave radiation signals is indicative of speed of said first source within said receiving antenna lobe, said first and said second microwave radiation signals being within a range of frequencies protected from active transmission in a geographic area encompassing a location of said first receiver, said first and said second microwave radiation signals being in a range of frequencies between 0.5 and 3 GHz; and calculating average speed of said first source within said receiving antenna lobe from the difference in time between receipt of said first and said second microwave signals and a distance said first source travels within said receiving antenna lobe. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7)
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8. A system for passive microwave detection of at least one of temperature, speed and a first source of microwave radiation, comprising:
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a first receiver configured to detect a first passively received microwave radiation signal from the first source of microwave radiation, a first voltage peak signal level of said first passively received microwave radiation signal being indicative of a first temperature of said first source; the first receiver being configured to detect a second passively received microwave radiation signal from the first source later in time, a second voltage peak signal level of said second passively received microwave radiation signal being indicative of a second temperature of said first source of said second passively received microwave radiation signal, a frequency of said received first and said second passively received microwave radiation signals being within a range of frequencies protected from active transmission in a geographic area encompassing a location of said first receiver; a signal processor, said signal processor being configured to receive said first and said second passively received microwave radiation signals from said first receiver and being further configured to convert said first and said second passively received microwave radiation signals to first and second voltages, respectively, said signal processor further being configured to calculate a voltage signal height representing temperature of said first source and a passively received microwave signal duration indicative of a duration of time of said first source traveling within a receiving parabolic antenna lobe of the first receiver; the signal processor calculating an average speed of said first source within said receiving parabolic antenna lobe from the difference in time between receipt of said first and said second passively received microwave radiation signals and a distance of travel of said first source within said receiving parabolic antenna lobe where speed of said first source is said first source travel distance divided by the time duration between receiving said first and said second passively received microwave radiation signals. - View Dependent Claims (9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15)
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16. A method for detecting at least one of temperature and speed of an automobile serving as a source of microwave radiation signal using passive reception of microwave radiation, comprising:
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receiving a microwave radiation signal from said source at a passive microwave receiver, said passive microwave receiver including at least one antenna having a receiving antenna lobe, a voltage level of said received microwave radiation signal being indicative of a temperature of said source, the frequency of operation of said passive microwave receiver being a World Administrative Radio Conference (WARC) protected frequency between 0.5 and 2 GHz; storing a receiving antenna lobe pattern in memory comprising the locations of the receiving antenna lobe boundaries that the source of the microwave radiation signal crosses based on received signals at the at least one antenna having said receiving antenna lobe, measuring a passage of time said source of the microwave radiation signal travels within said receiving antenna lobe, and calculating a speed of said automobile source from said passage of time and a distance along the highway between the boundaries of the receiving antenna lobe traveled by said source of microwave radiation signal. - View Dependent Claims (17, 18)
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Specification