Rechargeable battery and method for its operation

• US 8,049,464 B2
• Filed: 03/08/2006
• Issued: 11/01/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 03/08/2005
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Axel Muntermann
• Original Assignee: Axel Muntermann
• Inventors: Muntermann, Axel
• Primary Examiner(s): DIAO, M BAYE
• Application Number:
  US11/817,964
• Publication Number:
  US 20090051320A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,064 Days
• Field of Search: 320/128, 320/134, 320/116
• US Class Current: 320/128
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0068 Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply H02J7/0013 takes precedence

Abstract

An apparatus and a method are disclosed relating to a rechargeable battery for operation with an external voltage which is applied at least at times to the output of the rechargeable battery and is below the output voltage of the rechargeable battery when in its fully charged state, which has at least one chargeable electrochemical cell, an electrical connection to the output of the rechargeable-battery for inputting and/or outputting electrical energy, a housing which surrounds the at least one chargeable electrochemical cell, and a control circuit for controlling the charging process of the rechargeable battery and/or the production of the rechargeable-battery voltage at the output of the rechargeable battery. The disclosed battery offers better characteristics, in particular for mobile electrical appliances, and is useable in appliances that are designed for use with rechargeable batteries of a different type, in particular with cells with a different cell voltage.

Claims

1. A rechargeable battery for operation with an external voltage which is applied at least at times to the output of the rechargeable battery and is below the output voltage of the rechargeable battery when in its fully charged state, comprising

at least one chargeable electrochemical cell,

an electrical connection to the output of the rechargeable-battery for inputting and/or outputting electrical energy,

a housing which surrounds the at least one chargeable electrochemical cell, and

a control circuit for controlling the charging process of the rechargeable battery and/or the production of the rechargeable-battery voltage at the output of the rechargeable battery, the control circuit being adapted to disconnect the rechargeable-battery voltage from the output of the rechargeable battery at cyclic time intervals in order to check whether the external voltage is applied to the output of the rechargeable battery.

2. The rechargeable battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the external voltage which is applied at least at times to the output of the rechargeable battery is provided by a power supply unit which is connected to an electrical power supply system at least at times.

3. The rechargeable battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control circuit is arranged within the housing.

4. The rechargeable battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control circuit has a controllable switch for production of the rechargeable-battery voltage at the output of the rechargeable battery.

5. The rechargeable battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control circuit has a controllable charging circuit for charging the rechargeable battery.

6. The rechargeable battery as claimed in claim 5, wherein the charging circuit has a voltage converter.

7. The rechargeable battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control circuit has at least one comparator which is designed to compare the voltage at the output of the rechargeable battery with a reference voltage.

8. The rechargeable battery as claimed in claim 7, wherein the at least one comparator is designed to drive the controllable switch and/or the controllable charging circuit.

9. The rechargeable battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control circuit is designed to produce the rechargeable-battery voltage at the output of the rechargeable battery on identification of a voltage at the output of the rechargeable battery which is below the reference voltage, and to interrupt the charging process of the rechargeable battery by the charging circuit.

10. The rechargeable battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control circuit is designed to disconnect the rechargeable-battery voltage from the output of the rechargeable battery on identification of a voltage at the output of the rechargeable battery which is above the reference voltage, and to carry out the charging process of the rechargeable battery by means of the charging circuit.

11. The rechargeable battery as claimed in claim 1, furthermore having at least one timer which is connected between the at least one comparator and the controllable switch and/or the controllable charging circuit, and that is designed to delay the control signal for the comparator by a predetermined delay time.

12. The rechargeable battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control circuit has an energy store for storage of electrical energy.

13. The rechargeable battery as claimed in claim 1, having at least two series-connected and/or at least two parallel-connected cells.

23. The rechargeable battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the at least one chargeable electrochemical cell comprises at least one lithium-ion cell, wherein the housing surrounds the at least one lithium-ion cell, and wherein the rechargeable battery further comprises:

a communication interface for communication between the rechargeable battery and a load to be supplied, which communication interface is matched to the characteristics of the at least one lithium-ion cell, wherein the at least one lithium-ion cell is suitable for operation without a protection circuit.

24. The rechargeable battery as claimed in claim 23, wherein at least one electrode of the lithium-ion cell is composed of manganese.

25. The rechargeable battery as claimed in claim 23, wherein the positive electrode of the lithium-ion cell has a nickel/manganese mixture.

26. The rechargeable battery as claimed in claim 23, having at least two series-connected and/or at least two parallel-connected lithium-ion cells.

27. The rechargeable battery as claimed in claim 23, wherein the at least one lithium-ion cell complies with the UL1642 safety standard.

28. The rechargeable battery as claimed in claim 23, wherein the at least one lithium-ion cell is suitable for discharging in an operating temperature range from at least 0°

to 40°

C.

29. The rechargeable battery as claimed in claim 23, wherein the at least one lithium-ion cell is suitable for charging in an operating temperature range from at least 10°

to 40°

C.

30. The rechargeable battery as claimed in claim 23, wherein the at least one lithium-ion cell is resistant to vibration in accordance with EN1789.

31. The rechargeable battery as claimed in claim 23, wherein the at least one lithium-ion cell has an initial capacity of at least 1400 mAh.

32. The rechargeable battery as claimed in claim 23, wherein the at least one lithium-ion cell has a capacity of at least 60% of the initial capacity after about 500 charging cycles with an average discharge current of 1.5 A and with the rechargeable battery being discharged at about 3 V.

33. The rechargeable battery as claimed in claim 23, wherein the at least one lithium-ion cell has a capacity of at least 40% of the initial capacity after about 500 charging cycles with an average discharge current of 4.5 A and with the rechargeable battery being discharged at about 3 V.

34. The rechargeable battery as claimed in claim 23, wherein the at least one lithium-ion cell has a maximum discharge current of at least 10 A.

35. The rechargeable battery as claimed in claim 23, further comprising a wear indication which generates a visual indication as a function of the charging cycles of the rechargeable battery.

36. The rechargeable battery as claimed in claim 23, further comprising at least one power supply unit which is integrated in the housing.

37. The rechargeable battery as claimed in claim 23, characterized in that the surface of the housing has a signal color, at least in places.

38. The rechargeable battery as claimed in claim 23, characterized in that the surface of the housing has a fluorescent color, at least in places.

39. The rechargeable battery as claimed in claim 23, having at least one light source which emits light preferably continuously and/or in pulses.

40. The rechargeable battery as claimed in claim 23, having at least one sound source which has means for detection of an acoustic signal.

41. A rechargeable-battery arrangement comprising:

a first rechargeable battery and a second rechargeable battery, each battery as claimed in claim 1,

a connection for inputting and/or outputting electrical energy, electrically connected to at least one of the first and second chargeable batteries, and

an electronics assembly which is designed to discharge the second rechargeable battery during discharging of the rechargeable-battery arrangement only when the first rechargeable battery has been completely discharged.

42. The rechargeable-battery arrangement as claimed in claim 41 having means for automatically switching from the first rechargeable battery to the second rechargeable battery.

43. A medical appliance comprising a rechargeable-battery arrangement as claimed in claim 41.

44. The medical appliance as claimed in claim 43, furthermore having an integrated power supply unit connectable to an electrical power supply system.

45. The medical appliance as claimed in claim 43, having means for automatically switching from the first rechargeable battery to the second rechargeable battery.

46. The medical appliance as claimed in claim 43, characterized in that one housing surface has a signal color, at least in places.

47. The medical appliance as claimed claim 43, characterized in that one housing surface has a fluorescent color, at least in places.

48. The medical appliance as claimed in claim 43, having at least one light source which emits light continuously and/or in pulses.

49. The medical appliance as claimed in claim 43, having at least one sound source which has means for detection of an acoustic signal.

50. A charger which is designed to charge at least one rechargeable battery as claimed in claim 1.

51. A method for monitoring heart functions, comprising utilizing a medical appliance that has a rechargeable battery as claimed in claim 1.

52. The method of claim 51, wherein the medical appliance is situated in a rescue vehicle.

14. A method for operation of a rechargeable battery with a rechargeable-battery voltage which is applied switchably to the output of the rechargeable battery, and with an external voltage which is applied at least at times to the output of the rechargeable battery and is below the rechargeable-battery voltage when the rechargeable battery is fully charged, the method comprising:

monitoring the voltage at the output of the rechargeable battery,

producing the rechargeable-battery voltage at the output of the rechargeable battery as a function of the monitored voltage,

charging the rechargeable battery by the external voltage, which is applied to the output of the rechargeable battery, as a function of the monitored voltage, and

disconnecting the rechargeable-battery voltage from the output of the rechargeable battery at cyclic time intervals in order to check whether the external voltage is applied to the output of the rechargeable battery.

15. The method as claimed in claim 14, wherein the process of monitoring the voltage at the output of the rechargeable battery comprises comparison with a predetermined reference voltage.

16. The method as claimed in claim 15, wherein the rechargeable-battery voltage is produced at the output of the rechargeable battery, and the charging of the rechargeable battery is interrupted when the monitored voltage falls below a predetermined reference value.

17. The method as claimed in claim 14, wherein the rechargeable battery is charged when the monitored voltage is above a predetermined reference value over a predetermined time period.

18. The method as claimed in claim 16, wherein the predetermined reference value is below the voltage value of the external voltage.

19. The method as claimed in claim 14, wherein the process of charging the rechargeable battery by means of the external voltage which is applied to the output of the rechargeable battery comprises the conversion of a voltage.

20. The method as claimed in claim 14, further comprising storing electrical energy in an energy store.

21. The method as claimed in claim 14, wherein the external voltage which is applied to the output of the rechargeable battery at least at times is produced by a power supply unit which is connected to an electrical power supply system, at least at times.

22. The method as claimed in claim 14, wherein switching takes place automatically from at least one first rechargeable battery to at least one second rechargeable battery.