Subcutaneous ICD with separate cardiac rhythm sensor

• US 8,050,759 B2
• Filed: 01/31/2006
• Issued: 11/01/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 01/31/2006
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Medtronic Incorporated (Medtronic Plc)
• Original Assignee: Medtronic Incorporated (Medtronic Plc)
• Inventors: Bruns, Hans-Juergen, Stegemann, Berthold
• Primary Examiner(s): Getzow; Scott
• Assistant Examiner(s): PATTON, AMANDA K
• Application Number:
  US11/343,677
• Publication Number:
  US 20070179540A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,100 Days
• Field of Search: 607/17, 607129-131
• US Class Current: 607/17
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0031 Implanted circuitry
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/283 Invasive
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/29 for permanent or long-term implantation
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/363 Detecting tachycardia or bradycardia
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/05 for implantation or insertion into the body, e.g. heart electrode A61N1/06 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/0587 Epicardial electrode systems; Endocardial electrodes piercing the pericardium
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/37217 characterised by the communication link, e.g. acoustic or tactile
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/37252 Details of algorithms or data aspects of communication system, e.g. handshaking, transmitting specific data or segmenting data
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/37288 Communication to several implantable medical devices within one patient
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/37518 Anchoring of the implants, e.g. fixation
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3756 Casings with electrodes thereon, e.g. leadless stimulators
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/39622 Pacing therapy

Abstract

A cardiac rhythm sensor positioned on or close to the heart senses electrical or mechanical activity and transmits a cardiac rhythm signal wirelessly to a subcutaneous ICD. Arrhythmia detection and delivery of therapy are performed by the SubQ ICD based upon the cardiac rhythm signal received from the sensor.

Claims

1. An implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) system comprising:

a cardiac rhythm sensor for sensing cardiac activity and transmitting wirelessly a cardiac rhythm signal, wherein the cardiac rhythm sensor is configured to produce the cardiac rhythm signal only when a bradycardia or tachycardia condition exists;

a subcutaneous implantable lead carrying a defibrillation electrode; and

a subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillator (SubQ ICD) for receiving the cardiac rhythm signal transmitted by the cardiac rhythm sensor and detecting tachycardia or bradycardia based on the cardiac rhythm signal, wherein the SubQ ICD is connected to the lead for providing electrical pulses to the defibrillation electrode upon the SubQ ICD detection of tachycardia or bradycardia based on the cardiac rhythm signal transmitted by the cardiac rhythm sensor to the SubQ ICD,

wherein the SubQ ICD includes at least one electrode located on a housing of the SubQ ICD and configured to receive the cardiac rhythm signal and apply pacing pulses.

2. The ICD system of claim 1, wherein the cardiac rhythm sensor comprises:

a plurality of electrodes for sensing an electrogram signal; and

signal processing circuitry for filtering, analyzing and amplifying the electrogram signal.

3. The ICD system of claim 2, wherein the cardiac rhythm sensor further comprises:

a transmitter for transmitting the electrogram signal.

4. The ICD system of claim 3, wherein the cardiac rhythm sensor further comprises:

an antenna connected to the transmitter.

5. The ICD system of claim 3, wherein the signal processing circuitry produces the cardiac rhythm signal only when a bradycardia or tachycardia condition exists.

6. The ICD system of claim 3, wherein the signal processing circuitry selectively enables the transmitter based on analysis of the electrogram signal.

7. The ICD system of claim 1, wherein the cardiac rhythm sensor includes a motion sensing device for sensing mechanical activity of a heart.

8. The ICD system of claim 1, wherein the cardiac rhythm sensor is untethered to the SubQ ICD.

9. The ICD system of claim 1, wherein the cardiac rhythm sensor is sized to be implanted with a minimally invasive procedure.

10. The ICD system of claim 1, wherein the cardiac rhythm sensor has a length of less than about 10 mm and a width of less than about 10 mm.

11. The ICD system of claim 1, wherein the cardiac rhythm sensor includes an attachment device for attaching the cardiac rhythm sensor to cardiac tissue.

12. The ICD system of claim 1, wherein the at least one electrode of the SubQ ICD includes a sensing electrode.

13. The ICD system of claim 12, wherein the at least one electrode of the SubQ ICD includes a pacing electrode.

14. The ICD system of claim 1, wherein the lead carries a sensing electrode.

15. The ICD system of claim 1, wherein the cardiac rhythm sensor includes an accelerometer for sensing mechanical movement.

16. The ICD system of claim 1, further comprising an external programmer for programming the SubQ ICD.

17. An implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) system comprising:

a subcutaneous implantable lead;

a subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillator (SubQ ICD) including electrodes on a housing of the SubQ ICD for sensing and pacing;

a cardiac rhythm sensor for sensing cardiac activity and transmitting wirelessly a cardiac rhythm signal to the SubQ ICD, wherein the cardiac rhythm sensor comprises a plurality of electrodes for sensing an electrogram signal, signal processing circuitry for filtering, analyzing and amplifying the electrogram signal, and a transmitter for transmitting a cardiac rhythm signal corresponding to the electrogram signal, wherein the cardiac rhythm sensor is configured to produce the cardiac rhythm signal only when a bradycardia or tachycardia condition exists.

18. The system of claim 17, wherein the subcutaneous implantable lead includes a defibrillation electrode and a sensing electrode.

19. The ICD system of claim 17, wherein the SubQ ICD includes an ovoid housing with a substantially kidney-shaped profile.

20. An implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) system comprising:

a subcutaneous implantable lead including a defibrillation coil electrode and a sensing electrode;

a cardiac rhythm sensor including a ring electrode and a tip electrode for sensing cardiac activity and a distal electrode on an antenna for transmitting wirelessly a cardiac rhythm signal to the SubQ ICD, wherein the signal is only produced when a bradycardia or tachycardia condition exists; and

a subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillator (SubQ ICD) including canister electrodes positioned orthogonally to form signal vectors for receiving the cardiac rhythm signal transmitted by the cardiac rhythm sensor and detecting tachycardia or bradycardia based on the cardiac rhythm signal, wherein the SubQ ICD provides pacing pulses to the canister electrodes and is connected to the lead for providing electrical pulses to the defibrillation electrode upon the SubQ ICD detection of tachycardia or bradycardia based on the cardiac rhythm signal transmitted by the cardiac rhythm sensor to the SubQ ICD.