Post data-collection synchronization for approximation of simultaneous data

• US 8,050,881 B1
• Filed: 10/01/2008
• Issued: 11/01/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 10/18/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Enbiomedic Co.
• Original Assignee: Enbiomedic Co.
• Inventors: Yeung, King-Wah Walter, Yeung, Wei-Wei Vivian
• Primary Examiner(s): Kundu; Sujoy
• Application Number:
  US12/243,702
• Time in Patent Office: 1,126 Days
• Field of Search: 702/89, 702/187, 702/188, 370/503, 370/507, 370/510, 370/512, 375/354, 375/356, 375/359, 375/362
• US Class Current: 702/89
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/0204 Acoustic sensors
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/0219 Inertial sensors, e.g. accelerometers, gyroscopes, tilt switches
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0024 for multiple sensor units attached to the patient, e.g. using a body or personal area network
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/02055 Simultaneously evaluating both cardiovascular condition and temperature
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/02438 with portable devices, e.g. worn by the patient
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1126 using a particular sensing technique
• CPC Class Codes: G01D 21/00 Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 9/04 Arrangements for synchronous operation

Abstract

A system for synchronizing data after they are collected and stored locally in sensor units in a distributed sensor system, so that wired or wireless communication is not required during a data-collection session. Each sensor unit has a local clock providing local-clock times before and after a data-collection session, and a data processor uses its local clock or a sensor unit'"'"'s local clock as the reference to compute each sensor unit'"'"'s time-scaling factor, which is the ratio of the elapsed reference local-clock time and the elapsed local-clock time. The data processor uses the time-scaling factor to convert each sensor unit'"'"'s local-clock data-sampling times to the reference local-clock data-sampling times, and the data processor subsequently interpolates sensor data to approximate simultaneous sensor-data values at desired reference local-clock times. A physical-activity monitoring system can use this synchronization method to reduce the size, power consumption, and cost of the sensor units.

Claims

1. A method for post data-collection synchronization of data of at least one sensor unit in a distributed sensor system, comprising:

(a) reading an initial local-clock time of a sensor unit, having a local clock, by a data processor before a data-collection session;

(b) reading an initial reference local-clock time of said data processor, having a reference local clock, by said data processor before the data-collection session;

(c) reading a final local-clock time of said sensor unit by said data processor after the data-collection session;

(d) reading a final reference local-clock time of said data processor by said data processor after the data-collection session;

(e) computing a time-scaling factor by said data processor as the ratio of the difference between the final and initial reference local-clock times and the difference between the final and initial local-clock times;

(f) converting at least two local-clock sampling times of said sensor unit'"'"'s collected data from the data-collection session by said data processor to their corresponding reference local-clock sampling times using the time-scaling factor; and

(g) interpolating said sensor unit'"'"'s collected data from the data-collection session by said data processor to approximate a data value of said sensor unit at a reference local-clock time between said reference local-clock sampling times.

2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising:

(a) computing a frequency difference between said local clock of said sensor unit and said reference local clock of said data processor using the time-scaling factor; and

(b) adjusting the frequency of said local clock of said sensor unit to match the frequency of said reference local clock of said data processor more closely by using said frequency difference.

3. The method according to claim 1 further comprising collecting acceleration data from a body segment of a human being by said sensor unit during the data-collection session.

4. The method according to claim 3 wherein the local clock of said sensor unit is a wristwatch.

5. The method according to claim 4 wherein said sensor unit further comprising a voice recorder for recording the types of physical activity performed by the human being.

6. A method for post data-collection synchronization of data of a plurality of sensor units in a distributed sensor system, comprising:

(a) reading an initial local-clock time of each sensor unit, having a local clock, of a plurality of sensor units by a data processor before a data-collection session;

(b) reading a final local-clock time of each sensor unit of said plurality of sensor units by said data processor after the data-collection session;

(c) computing a time-scaling factor for each sensor unit of said plurality of sensor unit sensor units by said data processor as the ratio of the difference between the final and initial local-clock times of a selected sensor unit of said plurality of sensor units and the difference between the final and initial local-clock times of said sensor unit;

(d) converting at least two local-clock sampling times of collected sensor data from the data-collection session of each sensor unit of said plurality of sensor units by said data processor to their corresponding local-clock sampling times of said selected sensor unit using the time-scaling factor; and

(e) interpolating the collected sensor data from the data-collection session of each sensor unit of said plurality of sensor unit by said data processor to approximate simultaneous sensor-data values of said plurality of sensor units at a time between said local-clock sampling times of said selected sensor unit.

7. The method according to claim 6, further comprising:

(a) computing a frequency difference between the local clock of a sensor unit of said plurality of sensor units and the local clock of said selected sensor unit using the time-scaling factor; and

(b) adjusting the frequency of the local clock of said sensor unit to match the frequency of the local clock of said selected sensor unit more closely by using said frequency difference.

8. The method according to claim 6 further comprising collecting acceleration data from a body segment of a human being by a sensor unit of said plurality of sensor units during the data-collection session.

9. The method according to claim 6, further comprising:

(a) collecting acceleration data from a wrist of a human being by a wrist sensor unit of said plurality of sensor units during the data-collection session;

(b) collecting acceleration data from the waist of the human being by a waist sensor unit of said plurality of sensor units during the data-collection session; and

(c) collecting acceleration data from a thigh of the human being by a thigh sensor unit of said plurality of sensor units during the data-collection session.

10. The method according to claim 9 wherein the local clock of said wrist sensor unit is a wristwatch.

11. The method according to claim 10 wherein said wrist sensor unit further comprising a voice recorder for recording the types of physical activity performed by the human being.

12. A post data-collection synchronization system, comprising:

(a) a plurality of sensor units, each sensor unit having a local clock, a synchronization-signal receiver for receiving synchronization signals, a sensor, a sensor-data controller for data acquisition from said sensor, a sensor-data memory for storing said sensor'"'"'s data and said local clock'"'"'s times, a communication port for sending said sensor'"'"'s data and said local clock'"'"'s times to a data processor, and a data-interpolating means for approximation of simultaneous sensor-data values of said plurality of sensor units after a data-collection session; and

(b) a synchronization-signal transmitter for transmitting an initial synchronization signal to said synchronization-signal receiver of each sensor unit of said plurality of sensor units simultaneously before the data-collection session and a final synchronization signal to said synchronization-signal receiver of each sensor unit of said plurality of sensor units simultaneously after the data-collection session, so that said local clock'"'"'s time of each sensor unit of said plurality of sensor units is stored in said sensor-data memory when one of said initial synchronization signal and said final synchronization signal is received by said synchronization-signal receiver.

13. The system according to claim 12 further comprising a means for adjusting the frequency of the local clock of a sensor unit of said plurality of sensor units.

14. The system according to claim 12 further comprising a container for placing said plurality of sensor units, so that said synchronization-signal transmitter can transmit said initial synchronization signal and said final synchronization signal to said plurality of sensor units at the beginning and the end of the data collection session, respectively.

15. The system according to claim 14 wherein said container further comprising:

(a) a lid; and

(b) a plurality of switches in said container for sensing closing and opening of said lid and presence and absence of said plurality of sensor units in said container, so that said synchronization-signal transmitter can transmit said initial synchronization signal and said final synchronization signal to said plurality of sensor units at the beginning and the end of the data collection session, respectively.

16. The system according to claim 12 wherein a sensor in a sensor unit of said plurality of sensor units is an accelerometer for monitoring acceleration of a body segment of a human being.

17. The system according to claim 12 wherein said plurality of sensor units comprising:

(a) a wrist sensor unit for collecting acceleration data from a wrist of a human being during the data-collection session;

(b) a waist sensor unit for collecting acceleration data from the waist of the human being during the data-collection session; and

(c) a thigh sensor unit for collecting acceleration data from a thigh of the human being during the data-collection session.

18. The system according to claim 17 wherein the local clock of said wrist sensor unit is a wristwatch.

19. The system according to claim 18 wherein said wrist sensor unit further comprising a voice recorder for recording the types of physical activity performed by the human being.

20. The system according to claim 12 further comprising a communication-link hub for providing communication between said data processor and each sensor unit of said plurality of sensor units.