Apparatus for dispensing and detecting solid pharmaceutical articles and related methods of operation

• US 8,054,086 B2
• Filed: 06/25/2009
• Issued: 11/08/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 06/25/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Parata Systems, LLC (Becton, Dickinson & Co)
• Original Assignee: Parata Systems, LLC (Becton, Dickinson & Co)
• Inventors: Rivenbark, James Robert Jr.
• Primary Examiner(s): Phan; Huy Q
• Assistant Examiner(s): Le; Son
• Application Number:
  US12/491,691
• Publication Number:
  US 20100332021A1
• Time in Patent Office: 866 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 324/555
• CPC Class Codes: G07F 11/165 using xyz-picker or multi-dimensional article picking arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: G07F 11/32 two or magazines having a common delivery chute
• CPC Class Codes: G07F 17/0092 for assembling and dispensing of pharmaceutical articles medical dispensers for private use, A61J7/00
• CPC Class Codes: G07F 9/026 for alarm, monitoring and auditing in vending machines or means for indication, e.g. when empty

Abstract

A method for dispensing and detecting solid pharmaceutical articles includes: forcing an article through a dispensing channel and past a sensor configured and positioned to detect the article passing through the dispensing channel, wherein the article includes one of the solid pharmaceutical articles; generating a detection signal using the sensor responsive to the article passing through the dispensing channel, wherein the detection signal indicates a time that the article takes to traverse the sensor; and determining whether the article is a complete article or an article fragment responsive to a comparison of the time indicated by the detection signal and an article fragment travel time representing an expected travel time for a complete article to traverse the sensor that is determined independent of physical attributes of the solid pharmaceutical articles.

Claims

1. A method for dispensing and detecting solid pharmaceutical articles, the method comprising:

forcing an article through a dispensing channel and past a sensor configured and positioned to detect the article passing through the dispensing channel, wherein the article comprises one of the solid pharmaceutical articles;

generating a detection signal using the sensor responsive to the article passing through the dispensing channel, wherein the detection signal indicates a time that the article takes to traverse the sensor;

determining whether the article is a complete article or an article fragment responsive to a comparison of the time indicated by the detection signal and an article fragment travel time representing an expected travel time for a complete article to traverse the sensor that is determined independent of physical attributes of the solid pharmaceutical article, wherein the article fragment travel time comprises a complete article travel time, representing an expected travel time that is determined independent of physical attributes of the solid pharmaceutical articles, multiplied by a fragment percentage value, wherein the fragment percentage value is configurable and represents a percentage of the article under which the article is considered as an article fragment;

comparing the time indicated by the detection signal and the complete article travel time; and

altering the complete article travel time responsive to the comparison of the time indicated by the detection signal and the complete article travel time.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the fragment percentage value is about 0.5.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein determining whether the article is a complete article or an article fragment further comprises:

detecting a complete article where the time indicated by the detection signal is greater than or equal to the article fragment travel time; and

detecting an article fragment where the time indicated by the detection signal is less than the article fragment travel time.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein altering the complete article travel time comprises altering the complete article travel time where the time indicated by the detection signal is greater than or equal to the article fragment travel time.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein altering the complete article travel time comprises:

increasing the complete article travel time by a first fixed amount where the time indicated by the detection signal is greater than the complete article travel time;

decreasing the complete article travel time by a second fixed amount where the time indicated by the detection signal is less than the complete article travel time;

maintaining the complete article travel time where the time indicated by the detection signal is equal to the complete article travel time.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the first and second fixed amounts are about 0.1 milliseconds.

7. The method of claim 5, further comprising dynamically updating the article fragment travel time after altering the complete article travel time.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the dispensing channel includes a dispensing channel inlet and a dispensing channel outlet downstream of the dispensing channel inlet, and wherein the sensor comprises a photodetector located proximate the dispensing channel outlet.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the expected travel time for a complete article to traverse the sensor is determined independent of an average travel time based on previous detection signals.

10. An apparatus for dispensing and detecting solid pharmaceutical articles, the apparatus comprising:

a dispensing channel;

a drive mechanism to force an article through the dispensing channel, wherein the article comprises one of the solid pharmaceutical articles;

a sensor configured and positioned to detect the article passing through the dispensing channel and generate a detection signal responsive thereto; and

a controller configured to;

receive the detection signal from the sensor responsive to the article passing through the dispensing channel, wherein the detection signal indicates a time that the article takes to traverse the sensor;

determine whether the article is a complete article or an article fragment responsive to a comparison of the time indicated by the detection signal and an article fragment travel time representing an expected travel time for a complete article to traverse the sensor that is determined independent of physical attributes of the solid pharmaceutical articles, wherein the article fragment travel time comprises a complete article travel time, representing an expected travel time that is determined independent of physical attributes of the solid pharmaceutical articles, multiplied by a fragment percentage value, wherein the fragment percentage value is configurable and represents a percentage of the article under which the article is considered as an article fragment;

compare the time indicated by the detection signal and the complete article travel time and

alter the complete article travel time responsive to the comparison of the time indicated by the detection signal and the complete article travel time.

11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the fragment percentage value is about 0.5.

12. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the controller is configured to:

identify a complete article where the time indicated by the detection signal is greater than or equal to the article fragment travel time; and

identify an article fragment where the time indicated by the detection signal is less than the article fragment travel time.

13. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the controller is configured to alter the complete article travel time where the time indicated by the detection signal is greater than or equal to the article fragment travel time.

14. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the controller is configured to:

increase the complete article travel time by a first fixed amount where the time indicated by the detection signal is greater than the complete article travel time;

decrease the complete article travel time by a second fixed amount where the time indicated by the detection signal is less than the complete article travel time;

maintain the complete article travel time where the time indicated by the detection signal is equal to the complete article travel time.

15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the first and second fixed amounts are about 0.1 milliseconds.

16. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the controller is configured to dynamically update the article fragment travel time after altering the complete article travel time.

17. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the dispensing channel includes a dispensing channel inlet and a dispensing channel outlet downstream of the dispensing channel inlet, and wherein the sensor comprises a photodetector located proximate the dispensing channel outlet.

18. A computer program product for dispensing and detecting solid pharmaceutical articles, the computer program product comprising a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having computer readable program code embodied therein, the computer readable program code comprising:

computer readable program code that is configured to receive a detection signal from a sensor responsive to an article passing through a dispensing channel, wherein the article comprises one of the solid pharmaceutical articles, and wherein the detection signal indicates a time that the article takes to traverse the sensor;

computer readable program code that is configured to determine whether the article is a complete article or an article fragment responsive to a comparison of the time indicated by the detection signal and an article fragment travel time representing an expected travel time for a complete article to traverse the sensor that is determined independent of physical attributes of the solid pharmaceutical articles, wherein the article fragment travel time comprises a complete article travel time, representing an expected travel time that is determined independent of physical attributes of the solid pharmaceutical articles, multiplied by a fragment percentage value, wherein the fragment percentage value is configurable and represents a percentage of the article under which the article is considered as an article fragment;

computer readable program code that is configured to compare the time indicated by the detection signal and the complete article travel time; and

computer readable program code that is configured to alter the complete article travel time responsive to the comparison of the time indicated by the detection signal and the complete article travel time.