Control apparatus of a hybrid vehicle and method for controlling the same

• US 8,060,268 B2
• Filed: 11/26/2008
• Issued: 11/15/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 11/29/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.
• Original Assignee: Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.
• Inventors: Yoshida, Susumu, Hasegawa, Masami, Tsuchikawa, Haruhisa
• Primary Examiner(s): Nguyen; Kim T
• Application Number:
  US12/323,742
• Publication Number:
  US 20090143950A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,084 Days
• Field of Search: 701/22, 701/67, 701/68, 701/82, 701/90, 180/65.21, 180/65.22, 180/65.25, 180/65.265, 180/65.275, 180/65.6, 180/65.7, 477/5, 477/6
• US Class Current: 701/22
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/48 Parallel type
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/26 Vehicle weight
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/421 Speed
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/507 Operating parameters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/15 with additional electric power supply with capacitors charged by engine-driven generators B60L50/40; with batteries charged by engine-driven generators B60L50/61
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/02 including control of driveline clutches
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/06 including control of combustion engines
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/08 including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 20/00 Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles hybrid vehicle design, B60K6/00; electric vehicles B60L
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 20/40 Controlling the engagement or disengagement of prime movers, e.g. for transition between prime movers power-up or power-down of the driveline B60W30/192
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2510/0291 Clutch temperature
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2510/244 Charge state
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2520/10 Longitudinal speed
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2540/10 Accelerator pedal position
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2552/15 Road slope, i.e. the inclination of a road segment in the longitudinal direction
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2710/025 Clutch slip, i.e. difference between input and output speeds
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2710/0644 Engine speed
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2710/081 Speed
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 30/18027 Drive off, accelerating from standstill
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 30/18063 Creeping
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 30/186 : excessive wear or burn out of friction elements, e.g. clutches
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/62 : Hybrid vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/64 : Electric machine technologies in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 : Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 : Electric energy management in electromobility

Abstract

A control apparatus for a hybrid vehicle that is capable of suppressing overheating of the second clutch is taught herein. Control is switched between engine-used slip drive control and motor drive control on a basis of a vehicle load such as weight or a road incline gradient. Control methods for hybrid vehicles are also disclosed.

Claims

1. A control apparatus of a hybrid vehicle comprising:

an engine;

a motor configured to output a driving force of the vehicle and perform a start of the engine;

a first clutch installed between the engine and the motor, the first clutch configured to connect and disconnect the engine and the motor;

a second clutch installed between the motor and drive wheels, the second clutch configured to connect and disconnect the motor and the drive wheels;

a vehicle load detector configured to determine a vehicle load; and

a controller configured to control the first clutch, the second clutch, the engine, and the motor,

wherein, when the vehicle load determined by the vehicle load detector is greater than or equal to a predetermined load value, the controller is configured to select a motor slip drive mode in which the first clutch is disengaged, the second clutch is slip-engaged, the engine is operating at a predetermined first revolution speed, and the motor is operating at a second revolution speed which is lower than the predetermined first revolution speed.

2. The control apparatus of claim 1, wherein when the vehicle load detected by the vehicle load detector is less than the predetermined load value, the controller is further configured to select an engine-used slip drive mode in which the first clutch is engaged, the second clutch is slip-engaged, and the engine is operating.

3. The control apparatus of claim 2, wherein when a driver'"'"'s required driving force is greater than or equal to a predetermined force value, the controller is further configured to select the engine-used slip drive mode.

4. The control apparatus of claim 2, wherein when a vehicle speed is greater than or equal to a predetermined speed value, the controller is further configured to select the engine-used slip drive mode.

5. The control apparatus of claim 2, wherein when the controller transitions from selecting the motor slip drive mode to selecting the engine-used slip drive mode, the controller is further configured to control the engine to transition from operating at the predetermined first revolution speed to operating at a third speed corresponding to a target torque, and

wherein when transitioning from the engine-used slip drive mode to the motor slip drive mode, the controller is further configured to control the engine to transition from operating at the third revolution speed corresponding to the target torque to operating at the predetermined first revolution speed.

6. The control apparatus of claim 5, wherein when the controller transitions from the motor slip drive mode to the engine-used slip drive mode, the controller is further configured to increase the second revolution speed of the motor at a predetermined rate of change, until the second revolution speed becomes synchronized with the predetermined first revolution speed of the engine;

and

wherein the engine is configured to operate at at least a minimum revolution speed, and when the controller transitions from the engine-used slip drive mode to the motor slip drive mode, the controller is further configured to decrease the second revolution speed of the motor at a predetermined rate of change, until the second revolution speed becomes less than the minimum revolution speed of the engine.

7. The control apparatus of claim 1, wherein the engine is configured to operate at at least a minimum revolution speed, and the controller is further configured to control the engine so that the first predetermined revolution speed becomes the minimum revolution speed while the motor slip drive mode is selected.

8. The control apparatus of claim 1, wherein the vehicle load detector calculates the vehicle load by detecting a road incline gradient.

9. The control apparatus of claim 1, wherein the controller is further configured to prevent selection of the motor slip drive mode when a transmission torque capacity of the second clutch is greater than or equal to a predetermined torque value.

10. The control apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:

a battery having a charge amount and configured to supply power to the motor, wherein the controller is further configured to prevent selection of the motor slip drive mode when the charge amount of the battery is less than a predetermined charge value.

11. The control apparatus of claim 1, wherein the controller is further configured to control the motor to operate at a revolution speed that is less than the predetermined first revolution speed and greater than or equal to a predetermined minimum slip revolution speed in the motor slip drive mode.

12. A controller for a hybrid vehicle having an engine, a motor, a first clutch installed between the engine and the motor, and a second clutch installed between the motor and drive wheels, the controller comprising:

means for determining a vehicle load;

means for controlling the engine;

means for controlling the motor;

means for performing a start of the engine; and

means for selecting a drive mode, wherein a motor slip drive mode is selected in which the first clutch is disengaged, the second clutch is slip-engaged, the means for controlling the engine operates the engine at a predetermined first revolution speed, and the means for controlling the motor operates the motor at a second revolution speed which is lower than the predetermined first revolution speed when the vehicle load is greater than or equal to a predetermined load value; and

wherein the means for selecting a drive mode selects an engine-used slip drive mode in which the first clutch is engaged, the second clutch is slip-engaged, and the engine is operating when the vehicle load is less than the predetermined load value.

13. A control method for a hybrid vehicle including an engine, a motor configured to perform a start of the engine, a first clutch installed between the engine and the motor, a second clutch installed between the motor and drive wheels and a controller, the method comprising:

determining a vehicle load;

selecting a motor slip drive mode with the controller when the vehicle load is less than a predetermined load value, the motor slip drive mode comprising;

disengaging the first clutch;

slip-engaging the second clutch;

operating the engine at a predetermined first revolution speed; and

operating the motor at a second revolution speed which is lower than the predetermined first revolution speed; and

selecting an engine-used slip drive mode with the controller when the vehicle load is less than the predetermined load value, the engine-used slip drive mode comprising;

engaging the first clutch;

slip-engaging the second clutch; and

operating the engine.

14. The control method of claim 13, further comprising:

selecting the engine-used slip drive mode when at least one of a driver'"'"'s required driving force is greater than or equal to a predetermined force value and when a vehicle speed is greater than or equal to a predetermined speed value.

15. The control method of claim 13, further comprising:

controlling the engine from operating at the predetermined first revolution speed to operating at a third speed corresponding to a target torque when selecting the engine-used slip drive mode from the motor slip drive mode; and

controlling the engine from operating at the third speed corresponding to the target torque to the predetermined first revolution speed when selecting the motor slip drive mode from the engine-used slip drive mode.

16. The control method of claim 13 wherein the engine is configured to operate at at least a minimum revolution speed, the method further comprising:

increasing the second revolution speed of the motor at a predetermined rate of change until the second revolution speed becomes synchronized with the predetermined first revolution speed of the engine when selecting the engine-used slip drive mode from the motor slip drive mode; and

decreasing the second revolution speed of the motor at a predetermined rate of change until the second revolution speed becomes less than the minimum revolution speed of the engine when selecting the motor slip drive mode from the engine-used slip drive mode.

17. The control method of claim 13 wherein the engine is configured to operate at at least a minimum revolution speed, the method further comprising:

controlling the engine so that the first predetermined revolution speed becomes the minimum revolution speed when in the motor slip drive mode; and

controlling the motor to operate at a revolution speed that is less than the predetermined first revolution speed and greater than or equal to a predetermined minimum slip revolution speed.

18. The control method of claim 13, further comprising:

supplying power to the motor with a battery; and

preventing selection of the motor slip drive mode when a charge amount of the battery is less than a predetermined charge amount.

19. The control method of claim 13 wherein determining a vehicle load comprises calculating the vehicle load by detecting a road incline gradient.

20. The control method of claim 13, further comprising:

preventing the selection of the motor slip drive mode when a transmission torque capacity of the second clutch is greater than or equal to a predetermined torque value.