Method and apparatus for encoding an audio signal using multiple coders with plural selection models

• US 8,069,034 B2
• Filed: 05/06/2005
• Issued: 11/29/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 05/17/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Nokia Technologies Oy (Nokia Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Nokia Corporation
• Inventors: Ojala, Pasi, Mäkinen, Jari, Lakaniemi, Ari
• Primary Examiner(s): SHAH, PARAS D
• Application Number:
  US11/126,380
• Publication Number:
  US 20050261892A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,398 Days
• Field of Search: 704/214, 704/201, 704/203, 704/208, 704/215, 704/217, 704/211, 704/500, 704/503
• US Class Current: 704/201
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 19/20 using sound class specific coding, hybrid encoders or object based coding

Abstract

A method for supporting an encoding of an audio signal is shown, wherein at least a first and a second coder mode are available for encoding a section of the audio signal. The first coder mode enables a coding based on two different coding models. A selection of a coding model is enabled by a selection rule which is based on signal characteristics which have been determined for a certain analysis window. In order to avoid a misclassification of a section after a switch to the first coder mode, it is proposed that the selection rule is activated only when sufficient sections for the analysis window have been received. The invention relates equally to a module in which this method is implemented, to a device and a system comprising such a module and to a software program product including a software code for realizing the proposed method.

Claims

1. A method comprising:

after a switch from a second coder mode to a first coder mode of an encoder activating at least one selection rule in response to having received for said first coder mode at least as many sections of an audio signal as are covered by an analysis window, wherein at least said first coder mode and said second coder mode are available for encoding a specific section of said audio signal, wherein at least said first coder mode enables a coding of a specific section of said audio signal based on at least two different coding models, and wherein in said first coder mode a selection of a respective coding model for encoding said specific section of an audio signal is enabled by said at least one selection rule which is based on signal characteristics, which signal characteristics have at least partly been determined from said analysis window, which analysis window covers at least one section of said audio signal preceding said specific section; and

encoding said audio signal using said first coder mode, resulting in an encoded audio signal.

2. A method according to claim 1, wherein in said first coder mode the selection of a respective coding model for encoding a specific section of an audio signal is further enabled by at least one further selection rule using no information on sections of said audio signal preceding said specific section, said at least one further selection rule being applied at least as long as the number of received sections is less than the number of sections covered by an analysis window, in which signal characteristics are determined for said at least one selection rule.

3. A method according to claim 1, wherein said at least one selection rule, which is based on signal characteristics that have been determined from an analysis window, comprises a first selection rule, which is based on signal characteristics that have been determined in a shorter analysis window, and a second selection rule, which is based on signal characteristics that have been determined in a longer analysis window, wherein said first selection rule is activated as soon as sufficient sections of said audio signal for said shorter analysis window have been received, and wherein said second selection rule is activated as soon as sufficient sections of said audio signal for said longer analysis window have been received.

4. A method according to claim 3, wherein a respective section of said audio signal corresponds to a respective audio signal frame having a length of 20 ms, wherein said shorter window covers an audio signal frame for which a coding model is to be selected and in addition four preceding audio signal frames, and wherein said longer window covers an audio signal frame for which a coding model is to be selected and in addition sixteen preceding audio signal frames.

5. A method according to claim 1, wherein said signal characteristics comprise a standard deviation of energy related values in a respective analysis window.

6. A method according to claim 1, wherein said first coder mode is an extension mode of an extended adaptive multi-rate wideband codec and enables a coding based on an algebraic code-excited linear prediction coding model and in addition a coding based on a transform coding model, and wherein said second coder mode is an adaptive multi-rate wideband mode of said extended adaptive multi-rate wideband codec and enables a coding based on an algebraic code-excited linear prediction coding model.

7. A method according to claim 1, wherein said section is a frame or a sub-frame of said audio signal.

8. An apparatus comprising a processor,

said processor configured to encode a section of an audio signal in a first coder mode using one of at least two different coding models, said encoding resulting in an encoded audio signal;

said processor configured to encode a section of an audio signal in a second coder mode, said encoding resulting in an encoded audio signal;

said processor configured to switch between said first coder mode and said second coder mode; and

said processor configured to apply at least one selection rule for selecting a specific coding model of said first coder mode, which coding model is to be used for encoding a specific section of an audio signal in said first coder mode, wherein said at least one selection rule is based on signal characteristics, which have at least partly been determined from an analysis window covering at least one section of an audio signal preceding said specific section, and wherein said processor is further configured to activate said at least one selection rule after a switch from said second coder mode to said first coder mode in response to having received for said first coder mode at least as many sections of said audio signal as are covered by said analysis window.

9. The apparatus according to claim 8, further comprising a counter adapted to count the number of sections of said audio signal, to which said first coder mode is to be applied, after a switch from said second coder mode to said first coder mode.

10. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein said processor is further configured to apply at least one further selection rule for selecting a respective coding model, which coding model is to be used for encoding a specific section of an audio signal, wherein said at least one further selection rule uses no information on sections of said audio signal preceding said specific section, and wherein said processor is configured to apply said at least one further selection rule after a switch from said second coder mode to said first coder mode at least as long as the number of sections received for said first coder mode is less than the number of sections covered by an analysis window employed for said at least one selection rule which is based on an analysis of signal characteristics in an analysis window.

11. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein said processor is configured to apply a first selection rule which is based on signal characteristics which have been determined in a shorter analysis window and to apply a second selection rule, which is based on signal characteristics that have been determined in a longer analysis window, wherein said processor is configured to activate said first selection rule as soon as sufficient sections of said audio signal for said shorter analysis window have been received for said first coder model after a switch from said second coder mode to said first coder mode, and wherein said processor is configured to activate said second selection rule as soon as sufficient sections of said audio signal for said longer analysis window have been received for said first coder model after a switch from said second coder mode to said first coder mode.

12. The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein a respective section of said audio signal corresponds to a respective audio signal frame having a length of 20 ms, wherein said shorter window covers an audio signal frame for which a coding model is to be selected and in addition four preceding audio signal frames, and wherein said longer window covers an audio signal frame for which a coding model is to be selected and in addition sixteen preceding audio signal frames.

13. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein said processor is further configured to determine signal characteristics of said audio signal in a respective analysis window, said signal characteristics including a standard deviation of energy related values in a respective analysis window.

14. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein said first coder mode is an extension mode of an extended adaptive multi-rate wideband codec, said processor being configured to encode sections of an audio signal in said first coder mode based on an algebraic code-excited linear prediction coding model and in addition based on a transform coding model, and wherein said second coder mode is an adaptive multi-rate wideband mode of said extended adaptive multi-rate wideband codec, said processor being configured to encode sections of an audio signal in said second coder mode based on an algebraic code-excited linear prediction coding model.

15. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein said section is a frame or a sub-frame of said audio signal.

16. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein said apparatus is one of an encoder, a part of an encoder and an electronic device comprising an encoder.

17. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein said apparatus is a mobile device.

18. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein said apparatus is a mobile phone.

20. An audio coding system comprising an apparatus according to claim 8 and a decoder for decoding audio signals, which have been encoded by said apparatus.

19. An apparatus comprising:

means for encoding a respective section of an audio signal in a first coder mode based on at least two different coding models, said encoding resulting in an encoded audio signal;

means for encoding a respective section of an audio signal in a second coder mode, said encoding resulting in an encoded audio signal;

means for switching between said means for encoding a respective section of an audio signal in said first coder mode and said means for encoding a respective section of an audio signal in said second coder mode;

means for applying at least one selection rule for selecting a specific coding model, which coding model is to be used for encoding a specific section of an audio signal in said first coder mode, wherein said at least one selection rule is based on signal characteristics, which have at least partly been determined from an analysis window covering at least one section of an audio signal preceding said specific section; and

means for activating said at least one selection rule after a switch from said means for encoding a respective section of an audio signal in said second coder mode to said means for encoding a respective section of an audio signal in said first coder mode in response to having received for said first coder mode at least as many sections of said audio signal as are covered by said analysis window.

21. A non-transitory computer readable medium, in which a software code is stored, wherein at least a first coder mode and a second coder mode are available for encoding a respective section of said audio signal, wherein at least said first coder mode enables a coding of a respective section of said audio signal based on at least two different coding models, and wherein in said first coder mode a selection of a respective coding model for encoding a specific section of an audio signal is enabled by at least one selection rule, which is based on signal characteristics that have been determined from an analysis window, which covers at least one section of said audio signal preceding said specific section, said software code realizing the following when running in a processing component of an encoder:

activating said at least one selection rule after a switch from said second coder mode to said first coder mode in response to having received for said first coder mode at least as many sections of said audio signal as are covered by said analysis window; and

encoding said audio signal using said first coder mode, resulting in an encoded audio signal.

22. The non-transitory computer readable medium according to claim 21, wherein in said first coder mode a selection of a respective coding model for encoding a specific section of an audio signal is further enabled by at least one further selection rule using no information on sections of said audio signal preceding said specific section, said at least one further selection rule being applied at least as long as the number of received sections is less than the number of sections covered by an analysis window, in which signal characteristics are determined for said at least one selection rule.

23. The non-transitory computer readable medium according to claim 21, wherein said at least one selection rule, which is based on signal characteristics that have been determined from an analysis window, comprises a first selection rule, which is based on signal characteristics that have been determined in a shorter analysis window, and a second selection rule, which is based on signal characteristics that have been determined in a longer analysis window, wherein said first selection rule is activated as soon as sufficient sections of said audio signal for said shorter analysis window have been received, and wherein said second selection rule is activated as soon as sufficient sections of said audio signal for said longer analysis window have been received.