Electrical power distribution control methods, electrical energy demand monitoring methods, and power management devices

• US 8,073,573 B2
• Filed: 06/14/2006
• Issued: 12/06/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 06/13/2003
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Battelle Memorial Institute
• Original Assignee: Battelle Memorial Institute
• Inventors: Chassin, David P., Donnelly, Matthew K., Dagle, Jeffery E.
• Primary Examiner(s): KASENGE, CHARLES R
• Application Number:
  US11/453,465
• Publication Number:
  US 20060229768A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,001 Days
• Field of Search: 700/295, 700/296, 700/286, 700/291, 700/297, 700/22, 700/293, 700/294, 700/298, 713/340, 713/601, 713/300, 713/320, 713/323, 705/400, 705/412, 705/295, 705/296, 705/286, 705/291, 307/11, 307/31, 307/35, 361/601, 361/622, 702/75
• US Class Current: 700/286
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 7/588 Random number generators, i.e. based on natural stochastic processes
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00002 characterised by monitoring
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00004 characterised by the power network being locally controlled
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00034 the elements or equipment being or involving an electric power substation
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/12 The local stationary network supplying a household or a building
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/58 The condition being electrical
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/003 Load forecast, e.g. methods or systems for forecasting future load demand
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/14 by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/241 The oscillation concerning frequency
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/3225 Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/00 Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 80/10 Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 10/30 State monitoring, e.g. fault, temperature monitoring, insulator monitoring, corona discharge
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/222 Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving

Abstract

Electrical power distribution control methods, electrical energy demand monitoring methods, and power management devices are described. In one aspect, an electrical power distribution control method includes providing electrical energy from an electrical power distribution system, applying the electrical energy to a load, providing a plurality of different values for a threshold at a plurality of moments in time and corresponding to an electrical characteristic of the electrical energy, and adjusting an amount of the electrical energy applied to the load responsive to an electrical characteristic of the electrical energy triggering one of the values of the threshold at the respective moment in time.

Claims

1. An electrical power distribution control method comprising:

applying electrical energy from an electrical power distribution system to a load;

varying a single threshold to comprise a plurality of different values at a plurality of respective moments in time, and wherein the single threshold corresponds to an electrical characteristic of the electrical energy; and

adjusting an amount of the electrical energy applied to the load as a result of the electrical characteristic of the electrical energy triggering one of the values of the single threshold at one of the moments in time when the single threshold comprises the one of the values.

2. The method of claim 1 further comprising monitoring the electrical characteristic of the electrical energy, and wherein the adjusting comprises adjusting as a result of the monitoring.

3. The method of claim 2 wherein the monitoring comprises monitoring frequency of the electrical energy.

4. The method of claim 3 wherein the adjusting comprises adjusting as a result of the frequency of the electrical energy dropping below the one of the values of the threshold.

5. The method of claim 2 wherein the applying comprises applying the electrical energy to the load located at a customer location, and the monitoring comprises monitoring using control circuitry located proximate to the customer location.

6. The method of claim 1 wherein the applying comprises applying the electrical energy to the load located at a customer location, and the adjusting comprises adjusting using control circuitry located proximate to the customer location.

7. The method of claim 6 wherein the control circuitry comprises control circuitry of a power management device coupled with the load.

8. The method of claim 6 wherein the control circuitry comprises control circuitry of the load.

9. The method of claim 1 wherein the providing the different values comprises randomly assigning the values.

10. The method of claim 1 wherein the providing comprises providing the different values according to a statistical distribution.

11. The method of claim 1 wherein the adjusting comprises reducing the amount of the electrical energy, and further comprising:

monitoring a length of time of the adjustment; and

increasing an amount of the electrical energy to the load as a result of the length of time exceeding a time out.

12. The method of claim 1 wherein the adjusting comprises adjusting for a variable length of time.

13. The method of claim 1 wherein the adjusting comprises adjusting for a random length of time.

14. The method of claim 1 wherein the adjusting comprises reducing the amount of electrical energy applied to the load.

15. The method of claim 1 wherein the adjusting comprises ceasing the applying of the electrical energy.

16. The method of claim 1 wherein the applying comprises applying the electrical energy received from a grid of the electrical power distribution system and the adjusting comprises adjusting as a result of the electrical characteristic of the electrical energy of the grid triggering the one of the values of the threshold.

17. The method of claim 1 wherein the applying comprises applying the electrical energy received from a transmission network of a grid of the electrical power distribution system and the adjusting comprises adjusting as a result of the electrical characteristic of the electrical energy of the transmission network triggering the one of the values of the threshold.

18. The method of claim 1 wherein the adjusting comprises increasing the amount of the electrical energy applied to the load.

19. The method of claim 1 wherein the adjusting comprises initiating the applying of the electrical energy to the load.

20. The method of claim 1 wherein the electrical characteristic is indicative of an electrical characteristic of the electrical energy upon a grid of the electrical power distribution system.

21. The method of claim 1 wherein the adjusting comprises adjusting as a result of the electrical characteristic of the electrical energy upon a grid of the electrical power distribution system triggering the one of the values of the threshold.

22. The method of claim 2 wherein the monitoring comprises monitoring the electrical characteristic which is indicative of an electrical characteristic of the electrical energy upon a grid of the electrical power distribution system.

23. The method of claim 1 wherein the adjusting comprises adjusting as a result of the electrical characteristic of the electrical energy triggering the one of the values of the threshold comprising falling below the one of the values of the threshold at the one of the moments in time.

24. An electrical power distribution control method comprising:

applying electrical energy from an electrical power distribution system to a load;

providing a plurality of different values for a threshold at a plurality of moments in time and corresponding to an electrical characteristic of the electrical energy;

adjusting an amount of the electrical energy applied to the load as a result of an electrical characteristic of the electrical energy triggering one of the values of the threshold at the respective moment in time; and

wherein the providing the different values comprises randomly assigning the values.

25. An electrical energy demand monitoring method comprising:

applying electrical energy from an electrical power distribution system to a plurality of loads coupled with the electrical power distribution system;

monitoring an electrical characteristic of the electrical energy;

adjusting an amount of electrical energy which is consumed by at least one of the loads as a result of the monitoring; and

calculating a deficit of the electrical energy of the electrical power distribution system using the monitoring.

26. The method of claim 25 wherein the monitoring comprises monitoring frequency of the electrical energy.

27. The method of claim 25 wherein the adjusting comprises reducing the amount of electrical energy which is consumed by the at least one of the loads.

28. The method of claim 25 wherein the adjusting comprises ceasing the consumption of the electrical energy by the at least one of the loads.

29. The method of claim 25 wherein the calculating comprises:

determining a number of the loads whose consumption of electrical energy has been adjusted using the monitoring; and

quantifying an amount of electrical energy consumed by the number of the loads.

30. The method of claim 29 wherein the determining comprises statistically determining.

31. The method of claim 29 further comprising associating a plurality of threshold values with respective ones of the loads, and wherein the adjusting comprises adjusting as a result of the electrical characteristic triggering a respective one of the threshold values, and wherein the determining comprises determining using the threshold values.

32. The method of claim 25 further comprising estimating a price of electrical energy using the calculated deficit.

33. The method of claim 25 wherein the applying comprises applying the electrical energy received from a grid of the electrical power distribution system.

34. The method of claim 33 wherein the monitoring comprises monitoring the electrical characteristic of the electrical energy of the grid.

35. The method of claim 34 wherein the deficit is indicative of a relationship of generation and consumption of the electrical energy on the grid of the electrical power distribution system.

36. The method of claim 33 wherein the calculating comprises calculating the deficit of the electrical energy on the grid of the electrical power distribution system.

37. The method of claim 25 wherein the applying comprises applying the electrical energy received from a transmission network of a grid of the electrical power distribution system.

38. The method of claim 37 wherein the monitoring comprises monitoring the electrical characteristic of the electrical energy of the transmission network.

39. The method of claim 38 wherein the deficit is indicative of a relationship of generation and consumption of the electrical energy on the transmission network of the electrical power distribution system.

40. The method of claim 37 wherein the calculating comprises calculating the deficit of the electrical energy on the transmission network of the electrical power distribution system.

41. An electrical energy demand monitoring method comprising:

applying electrical energy from an electrical power distribution system to a plurality of loads coupled with the electrical power distribution system;

monitoring an electrical characteristic of the electrical energy;

adjusting an amount of the electrical energy applied to at least one of the loads as a result of the monitoring;

calculating a deficit of the electrical energy of the electrical power distribution system using the monitoring;

wherein the calculating comprises;

determining a number of the loads having the application of electrical energy adjusted using the monitoring; and

quantifying an amount of electrical energy consumed by the number of the loads;

associating a plurality of threshold values with respective ones of the loads;

wherein the adjusting comprises adjusting as a result of the electrical characteristic triggering respective ones of the threshold values; and

wherein the determining comprises determining using the threshold values.

42. An electrical power distribution control method comprising:

applying electrical energy from an electrical power distribution system to a load using a power management device;

detecting a power oscillation within the electrical power distribution system; and

adjusting an amount of electrical energy applied to the load using the power management device as a result of the detecting; and

wherein the detecting comprises monitoring system frequency of the electrical energy and the monitoring comprises;

decimating data of the system frequency of the electrical energy;

low pass filtering the data;

Fourier processing the data; and

comparing the processed data to an oscillation threshold.

43. The method of claim 42 wherein the adjusting comprises reducing the amount of the electrical energy applied to the load.

44. The method of claim 42 wherein the adjusting comprises ceasing the application of the electrical energy.

45. The method of claim 42 wherein the adjusting comprises:

modulating the amount of electrical energy applied to the load using the power management device; and

synchronizing the modulation with the power oscillation.

46. The method of claim 42 wherein the detecting comprises detecting an amplitude of the power oscillation reaching an oscillation threshold, and the adjusting comprises adjusting to reduce the amplitude of the power oscillation.

47. The method of claim 42 further comprising:

further detecting an electrical characteristic of the electrical energy triggering a shed threshold; and

adjusting an amount of electrical energy applied to the load as a result of the further detecting.

48. The method of claim 42 wherein the detecting comprises detecting the power oscillation on a grid of the electrical power distribution system.

49. The method of claim 42 wherein the detecting comprises detecting the power oscillation on a transmission network of a grid of the electrical power distribution system.

50. The method of claim 49 wherein the adjusting comprises adjusting to reduce an amplitude of the power oscillation.

51. The method of claim 42 wherein the detecting comprises detecting using the power management device.

52. The method of claim 42 wherein the detecting comprises detecting using the power management device and only using the electrical energy received by the power management device.

53. The method of claim 42 wherein the adjusting comprises adjusting to provide a reduced non-zero amount of electrical energy to the load compared with the amount of electrical energy applied to the load before the detecting.

54. A power management device comprising:

an interface configured to receive electrical energy from an electrical power distribution system; and

control circuitry configured to control an amount of the electrical energy provided to a load coupled with the power management device, to vary a single threshold to comprise a plurality of different values at a plurality of moments in time and corresponding to an electrical characteristic of the electrical energy, to monitor the electrical characteristic of the electrical energy with respect to the threshold, and to adjust the amount of the electrical energy provided to the load as a result of the electrical characteristic of the electrical energy triggering one of the values of the single threshold at one of the moments in time when the single threshold comprises the one of the values.

55. The device of claim 54 wherein the control circuitry is configured to access the different values comprising values generated in accordance with a statistical distribution.

56. The device of claim 54 wherein the control circuitry is configured to adjust the amount of the electrical energy for a variable length of time.

57. The device of claim 54 wherein the control circuitry of the power management device is proximately located with respect to the load.

58. The device of claim 54 wherein the control circuitry of the power management device is located within the load.

59. The device of claim 54 wherein the interface is located intermediate the electrical power distribution system and the load.

60. The device of claim 54 wherein the control circuitry of the power management device comprises control circuitry of the load.

61. The device of claim 54 wherein the control circuitry is configured to adjust the amount of the electrical energy comprising reducing the amount.

62. The device of claim 54 wherein the control circuitry is configured to adjust the amount of the electrical energy comprising ceasing the provision of the electrical energy to the load.

63. The device of claim 54 wherein the interface is configured to receive the electrical energy from a grid of the electrical power distribution system, and the control circuitry is configured to adjust the amount of the electrical energy as a result of the electrical characteristic of the electrical energy of the grid triggering the one of the values of the threshold.

64. The device of claim 54 wherein the interface is configured to receive the electrical energy from a transmission network of a grid of the electrical power distribution system, and the control circuitry is configured to adjust the amount of the electrical energy as a result of the electrical characteristic of the electrical energy of the transmission network triggering the one of the values of the threshold.

65. The device of claim 54 wherein the control circuitry is configured to monitor the electrical characteristic which is indicative of an electrical characteristic of the electrical energy upon a grid of the electrical power distribution system.

66. The device of claim 54 wherein the control circuitry is configured to adjust the amount of the electrical energy provided to the load as a result of the electrical characteristic of the electrical energy upon a grid of the electrical power distribution system triggering the one of the values of the threshold.

67. The device of claim 54 wherein the control circuitry is configured to adjust the amount of the electrical energy provided to the load as a result of the electrical characteristic of the electrical energy triggering the one of the values of the threshold comprising falling below the one of the values of the threshold.