Apparatus and method for gas capture during electrolysis

• US 8,075,749 B2
• Filed: 02/17/2010
• Issued: 12/13/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 02/17/2009
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Advanced Green Innovations, LLC
• Original Assignee: McAlister Technologies, LLC
• Inventors: McAlister, Roy E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Wilkins, III, Harry D
• Application Number:
  US12/707,656
• Publication Number:
  US 20100213076A1
• Time in Patent Office: 664 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 204/252
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2001/46171 Cylindrical or tubular shaped
• CPC Class Codes: C25B 11/02 characterised by shape or form
• CPC Class Codes: C25B 11/03 perforated or foraminous
• CPC Class Codes: C25B 13/02 characterised by shape or form
• CPC Class Codes: F02B 43/08 Plants characterised by the engines using gaseous fuel generated in the plant from solid fuel, e.g. wood
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/36 Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/50 Fuel cells
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/30 Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
• CPC Class Codes: Y02W 10/33 using wind energy
• CPC Class Codes: Y02W 10/37 using solar energy
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 156/1059 Splitting sheet lamina in plane intermediate of faces
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 29/49947 by applying separate fastener
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/24322 Composite web or sheet
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/26 Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension

Abstract

In one embodiment of the present invention an electrolytic cell is provided comprising: a containment vessel configured for pressurization; a first electrode; a second electrode; a source of electrical current in electrical communication with the first electrode and the second electrode; an electrolyte in fluid communication with the first electrode and the second electrode; a first gas, wherein the first gas is formed during electrolysis at or near the first electrode; a second gas, wherein the second gas is formed during electrolysis at or near the second electrode; a separator; a first gas collection vessel; and a second gas collection vessel, wherein the separator includes a first inclined surface to direct flow of the electrolyte and the first gas due to a difference between density of the electrolyte and combined density of the electrolyte and the first gas such that the gas substantially flows in a direction distal the second electrode and towards the first gas collection vessel, and wherein the separator includes an second inclined surface to direct flow of the electrolyte and the second gas due to a difference between density of the electrolyte and combined density of the electrolyte and the second gas such that the gas substantially flows in a direction distal the first electrode and towards the second gas collection vessel.

Claims

1. An electrolytic cell comprising:

a containment vessel configured for pressurization;

a first electrode;

a second electrode;

a source of electrical current in electrical communication with the first electrode and the second electrode;

an electrolyte in fluid communication with the first electrode and the second electrode;

a first gas, wherein the first gas is formed during electrolysis at or near the first electrode;

a second gas, wherein the second gas is formed during electrolysis at or near the second electrode;

a separator wherein the separator comprises the first electrode;

a first gas collection vessel; and

a second gas collection vessel,

wherein the separator includes a first inclined surface to direct flow of the electrolyte and the first gas due to a difference between density of the electrolyte and combined density of the electrolyte and the first gas such that the gas substantially flows in a direction distal the second electrode and towards the first gas collection vessel, and wherein the separator includes an second inclined surface to direct flow of the electrolyte and the second gas due to a difference between density of the electrolyte and combined density of the electrolyte and the second gas such that the gas substantially flows in a direction distal the first electrode and towards the second gas collection vessel.

2. The electrolytic cell of claim 1 wherein the first gas collection vessel is configured to capture work produced by expansion of the first gas and the second gas collection vessel is configured to capture work produced by expansion of the second gas.

3. The electrolytic cell of claim 2 wherein the first gas comprises hydrogen.

4. The electrolytic cell of claim 2 wherein first gas comprises hydrogen and the second gas comprises oxygen.

5. The electrolytic cell of claim 4 further comprising a filter configured substantially remove impurities prior to capturing the first gas in the first gas collection vessel.

6. The electrolytic cell of claim 5 wherein the filter comprise a catalytic material.

7. An electrolytic cell comprising:

a containment vessel configured for pressurization;

a first electrode;

a second electrode;

a source of electrical current in electrical communication with the first electrode and the second electrode;

an electrolyte in fluid communication with the first electrode and the second electrode;

a first gas, wherein the first gas is formed during electrolysis at or near the first electrode;

a separator wherein the separator comprises the first electrode; and

a first gas collection vessel,

wherein the separator includes an inclined surface to direct flow of the electrolyte and the first gas due to a difference between density of the electrolyte and combined density of the electrolyte and the first gas such that the gas substantially flows in a direction distal the second electrode and towards the first gas collection vessel.

8. The electrolytic cell of claim 7 wherein the gas collection vessel is configured to capture work produced by expansion of the first gas.

9. The electrolytic cell of claim 8 further comprising a filter configured to substantially remove impurities prior to capturing the first gas in the first gas collection vessel.

10. The electrolytic cell of claim 9 wherein the filter comprises a catalytic material.

11. The electrolytic cell of claim 8 wherein first gas comprises hydrogen.

12. A method of improving the efficiency of an electrolytic cell comprising:

providing an electrolytic cell;

performing electrolysis in the electrolytic cell wherein a first gas and a second gas is produced in the electrolytic cell during the electrolysis;

separating the first gas and the second gas with a separator wherein the separator comprises an electrode;

providing a first gas collection vessel distinct from the electrolytic cell and in fluid communication with the electrolytic cell;

capturing the first gas in the first gas collection vessel prior to substantial expansion of the first gas;

expanding the first gas;

capturing work generated from the expansion of the first gas;

providing a second gas collection vessel distinct from the electrolytic cell and in fluid communication with the electrolytic cell;

capturing the second gas in the second gas collection vessel prior to substantial expansion of the second gas;

expanding the second gas; and

capturing work generated from the expansion of the second gas.

13. The method of claim 12 where the first gas comprises hydrogen.

14. The method of claim 12 where the first gas comprises hydrogen and the second gas comprises oxygen.

15. The method of claim 14 where the first gas collection vessel is substantially free of oxygen and the second gas collection vessel is substantially free of hydrogen.

16. The method of claim 15 further comprising the step of filtering the first gas to substantially remove the second gas prior to capturing the first gas in the first gas collection vessel.

17. The method of claim 16 wherein the step of filtering comprising reacting the second gas to form water to substantially remove the second gas prior to capturing the first gas in the first gas collection vessel.

18. A method of improving the efficiency of an electrolytic cell comprising:

providing an electrolytic cell;

performing electrolysis in the electrolytic cell wherein a gas is produced in the electrolytic cell during the electrolysis;

separating the first gas and the second gas with a separator wherein the separator comprises an electrode;

providing a gas collection vessel distinct from the electrolytic cell and in fluid communication with the electrolytic cell;

capturing the gas in the gas collection vessel prior to substantial expansion of the gas;

expanding the gas; and

capturing work generated from the expansion of the gas.

19. The method of claim 18 where the first gas comprises hydrogen.

20. The method of claim 19 where the step of capturing the gas in the gas collection vessel prior to substantial expansion of the gas comprises capturing hydrogen substantially free of impurities.

21. The method of claim 20 further comprising the step of filtering the gas prior to capturing the gas in the gas collection vessel.