System and method for providing a waveform for stimulating biological tissue

• US 8,082,033 B2
• Filed: 04/13/2006
• Issued: 12/20/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 04/13/2005
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Cleveland Clinic Foundation
• Original Assignee: Cleveland Clinic Foundation
• Inventors: Rezai, Ali R., Hatoum, Nagi
• Primary Examiner(s): Getzow, Scott
• Assistant Examiner(s): PATTON, AMANDA K
• Application Number:
  US11/404,006
• Publication Number:
  US 20070000372A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,077 Days
• Field of Search: 607/5, 607/45, 607/46, 607/30, 607/57, 607/59
• US Class Current: 607/2
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/025 Digital circuitry features of electrotherapy devices, e.g. memory, clocks, processors
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/37229 Shape or location of the implanted or external antenna

Abstract

An implantable programmable stimulator system includes memory that stores waveform data for at least one waveform. A playback system provides at least one output waveform based on the waveform data.

Claims

1. An implantable programmable stimulator system, comprising:

a processor configured to operate the implantable programmable stimulator system in a plurality of modes, wherein each mode is selected using command data that programs the stimulator system to operate in the respective mode, the processor comprising;

memory containing the command data and non-parametric waveform data for the at least one waveform preprogrammed to achieve electrical stimulation of the brain; and

a playback system programmed to play back the non-parametric waveform data for the at least one preprogrammed waveform as at least one output waveform; and

at least one electrode in electrical communication with the playback system and programmed to receive the at least one output waveform and deliver an electrical pulse to stimulate the brain using the at least one output waveform,

wherein responsive to first command data corresponding to a first mode, the processor stores non-parametric waveform data received by a data bus into the memory, and wherein responsive to second command data corresponding to a second mode, the processor selectively retrieves non-parametric waveform data to provide to the playback system.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the waveform data comprises non-parametric waveform data corresponding to at least a fraction of a period of the at least one waveform.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein the non-parametric waveform data further comprises non-parametric waveform data for a plurality of different waveforms, the playback system playing back the non-parametric waveform data for at least one of the plurality of different waveforms as the at least one output waveform.

4. The system of claim 3, wherein the processor is configured to construct the output waveform by combining at least two of the plurality of different waveforms contained in the memory.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the waveform data is encoded according to a CODEC, the playback system being operative to decode the waveform data according to the CODEC to play back the waveform data as the output waveform.

6. The system of claim 1, further comprising an amplifier that provides an amplified output signal corresponding to the output waveform.

7. The system of claim 6, wherein the amplifier comprises a switching amplifier that provides the amplified output signal as a pulse-width-modulated signal.

8. The system of claim 6, wherein the at least one electrode receives the amplified output signal and emits an electrical stimulation signal having desired waveform characteristics according to the amplified output signal.

9. The system of claim 8, further comprising feedback from an output of the amplifier to the processor, the feedback providing the processor with information about at least one of the electrical stimulation signal emitted by the at least one electrode or a characteristic of the electrode.

10. The system of claim 1, wherein the playback system is at least one of programmed and configured to manipulate the output waveform to vary at least one parameter of the output waveform.

11. The system of claim 1, wherein a receiver receives an input signal that comprises the at least one waveform, the waveform data being stored in the memory according to the input signal to enable the playback system to play back at least a portion of the at least one waveform as the output waveform.

12. The system of claim 11, further comprising an external transmitter that provides the input signal according to at least one communication mode.

13. The system of claim 12, further comprising a waveform generator that provides the external transmitter with the at least one waveform, the external transmitter providing the input signal to program the memory with the waveform data for the at least one waveform.

14. The system of claim 13, wherein the waveform generator is programmed with at least one biological recorded electrical waveform, the waveform generator providing the at least one biological recorded waveform to the external transmitter, the input signal provided by the external transmitter comprising the at least one biological recorded electrical waveform.

15. The system of claim 12, wherein the memory and the playback system form part of a single integrated circuit that is separate from the external transmitter.

16. The system of claim 1, wherein the playback system is configured to play back at least one selected waveform from the memory according to a defined schedule.

17. The system of claim 1, wherein the playback system is configured to play back at least one selected waveform from the memory in response to a physiological stimulus to provide a corresponding electrical waveform.

18. The system of claim 1, wherein the memory contains waveform data for a plurality of waveforms, at least one of the plurality waveforms comprising a biological electrical waveform recorded from a biological subject.

19. The implantable programmable stimulator system of claim 1, wherein the at least one waveform is a train of waveform pulses.

20. The implantable programmable stimulator system of claim 19, wherein the train of waveform pulses is arranged in a predetermined order, and wherein each waveform pulse is one of the at least one preprogrammed waveform and an aggregate waveform combined from at least two of the at least one waveform.

21. The implantable programmable stimulator system of claim 1, wherein responsive to third command data corresponding to a third mode, the processor obtains feedback diagnostic information about the system.

22. An implantable programmable stimulator system, comprising:

a processor configured to operate the implantable programmable stimulator system in a plurality of modes, wherein each mode is selected using command data that programs the stimulator system to operate in the respective mode, the processor comprising;

memory containing command data and non-parametric waveform data representing for the at least one electrical waveforms pre-programmed to achieve predetermined electrical stimulation of the brain; and

a playback system configured to retrieve at least one of the stored waveform representations from the memory and to play back the retrieved at least one waveform representation as at least one corresponding output waveform signal;

at least one amplifier that amplifies the at least one corresponding output waveform signal to provide at least one corresponding amplified output waveform signal; and

at least one electrode in electrical communication with the at least one amplifier and programmed to receive the at least one corresponding amplified output waveform signal and deliver an electrical pulse to stimulate the brain using the at least one corresponding amplified output waveform,

wherein responsive to first command data corresponding to a first mode, the processor stores non-parametric waveform data received by a data bus into the memory, and wherein responsive to second command data corresponding to a second mode, the processor selectively retrieves the at least one of the stored waveform representations from the memory to provide to the playback system.

23. The implantable pulse generator of claim 22, wherein a receiver receives a signal corresponding to at least one waveform according to a predetermined communication mode, the memory storing at least some of the stored waveform representations based on the signal received by the receiver.

24. The implantable pulse generator of claim 22, wherein the playback system is configured to retrieve and play back at least one selected waveform from the memory in response to a stimulus, such that the output waveform signal played back by the playback system comprises the at least one selected waveform for the electrical stimulation of biological tissue.

25. The implantable pulse generator of claim 22, wherein the playback system is configured to retrieve and play back at least one selected waveform from the memory according to a schedule, such that the output waveform signal played back by the playback system comprises the at least one selected waveform.

26. The implantable pulse generator of claim 22, wherein the memory and the playback system form part of a single integrated circuit.

27. The implantable pulse generator of claim 22, wherein the at least one electrode is electrically connected with the at least one amplifier, the at least one electrode emitting an electrical stimulation signal having waveform characteristics according to the corresponding amplified output waveform signal.

28. The implantable pulse generator of claim 27, further comprising feedback connected to provide the processor with information about at least one of the electrical stimulation signal emitted by the at least one electrode or a characteristic of the electrode.

29. The implantable pulse generator of claim 22, wherein the processor is configured to construct the at least one corresponding output waveform signal by combining at least two of the plurality of waveform representations stored in the memory.

30. The implantable pulse generator of claim 22, wherein the processor is at least one of programmed and configured to manipulate at least one of the plurality of waveforms retrieved from the memory so as to vary at least one parameter of the corresponding output waveform signal.

31. The implantable pulse generator of claim 22, wherein a receiver receives an input signal that is provided according to at least one communication mode, at least one waveform representation being stored in the memory according to the input signal.

32. The implantable pulse generator of claim 31, further comprising an external transmitter that provides the input signal according to the at least one communication mode.

33. The implantable pulse generator of claim 32, further comprising a waveform generator that provides the external transmitter with at least one of the plurality of waveforms, the external transmitter providing the input signal to program the memory with the waveform representation for the at least one of the plurality of waveforms provided by the waveform generator.

34. The implantable pulse generator of claim 33, wherein the waveform generator is programmed with waveforms recorded from a biological subject, the at least one of the plurality of waveforms provided by the waveform generator comprising at least one of the biological recorded electrical waveforms.

35. The implantable pulse generator of claim 22, wherein the memory contains a plurality of waveforms, at least one of the plurality waveforms contained in the memory comprising a biological electrical waveform recorded from a biological subject.

36. The implantable pulse generator of claim 22, wherein the plurality of waveforms are contained in the memory as digital data and the playback system plays back the at least one corresponding output waveform signal as a digital output waveform signal, the implantable pulse generator further comprising a digital-to-analog converter that converts the digital output waveform signal to a corresponding analog output waveform signal, the amplifier comprising analog amplifier that amplifies the analog output waveform signal to provide the at least one corresponding amplified output waveform signal.

37. The implantable programmable stimulator system of claim 22, wherein responsive to third command data corresponding to a third mode, the processor obtains feedback diagnostic information about the system.

38. A method for electrically stimulating a brain, the method comprising:

implanting an implantable programmable stimulator in a patient'"'"'s body, the implantable programmable stimulator programmed to operate in a plurality of modes, wherein each mode is selected using command data that programs the stimulator system to operate in the respective mode, the stimulator having a processor and at least one electrode programmed to deliver an electrical signal to a brain, the processor comprising memory and a playback system, the memory containing the command data and non-parametric waveform data corresponding to at least one waveform preprogrammed to electrically stimulate the brain;

responsive to first command data corresponding to a first mode, storing non-parametric waveform data received by a data bus into the memory; and

responsive to second command data corresponding to a second mode;

selectively retrieving the at least one waveform;

playing back the selected at least one waveform as an output waveform; and

delivering an electrical signal to the brain corresponding to the output waveform via the at least one programmed electrode.

39. The method of claim 38, further comprising, responsive to third command data corresponding to a third mode, obtaining feedback diagnostic information about the stimulator.

40. An implantable programmable stimulator system, comprising:

a processor configured to operate the implantable programmable stimulator system in a plurality of modes, wherein each mode is selected using command data that programs the stimulator system to operate in the respective mode, the processor comprising;

memory containing the command data and non-parametric waveform data representing at least one waveform preprogrammed to achieve electrical stimulation of a brain; and

a playback system programmed to retrieve the processed non-parametric data representing the at least one preprogrammed waveform from the memory and to play back a composite waveform combined from at least two of the retrieved at least one preprogrammed waveform; and

at least one electrode in electrical communication with the playback system and programmed to receive the composite waveform and deliver an electrical pulse to stimulate the brain using the composite waveform,

wherein responsive to first command data corresponding to a first mode, the processor stores non-parametric waveform data received by a data bus into the memory, wherein responsive to second command data corresponding to a second mode, the processor selectively retrieves the at least one of the stored waveform representations from the memory to provide to the playback system.

41. The implantable programmable stimulator system of claim 40, wherein responsive to third command data corresponding to a third mode, the processor obtains feedback diagnostic information about the system.