Flexible template-directed microporous partially pyrolyzed polymeric membranes
First Claim
1. A flexible organic micropore-forming template-directed microporous partially pyrolyzed polymeric organic membrane comprising partially pyrolyzed organic polymer wherein said organic polymer is selected from the group consisting of polysulfones, poly(styrenes), styrene-containing copolymers, polycarbonates, cellulosic polymers, polyamides, polyamic acids, polyimides, polyethers, poly(arylene oxides), poly(esteramide-diisocyanate), polyurethanes, polysulfides, polymers from monomers having alpha-olefinic unsaturation, polyvinyls, polyhydrazides, polyoxadiazoles, polytriazoles, poly(benzimidazole), polycarbodiimides, polyphosphazines, and mixtures thereof and wherein said organic micropore-forming template is selected from the group consisting of crown ethers, cyclodextrins, calixarenes, and spherands, polyvinylpyrrolidone, poly(acrylic acid), poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), hyperbranched amine-terminated PEO, poly(propylene oxide) (PPO), co-block-poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide) (PEO-PPO), tri-block-poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide) (PPO-PEO-PPO), poly(propylene glycol)-block-poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(propylene glycol) bis(2-aminepropyl ether) (PAPE), linear and star-shaped poly(caprolactone), and mixtures thereof and wherein said flexible organic micropore-forming template-directed microporous partially pyrolyzed polymeric organic membrane has micropores that have an average pore diameter of less than 2 nm.
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Abstract
This invention describes a new concept of flexible template-directed microporous partially pyrolyzed polymeric membranes which have greatly improved performance in separation of gas pairs compared to their precursor polymeric membranes. Organic hosts, such as crown ethers, cyclodextrins (CDs), calixarenes (CXs), and spherands, or polymeric additives, such as poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) were used as the micropore-forming templates. Micropore-forming template/polymer blend membranes comprising organic micropore-forming templates embedded in a polymer matrix were prepared by dissolving the organic micropore-forming templates in the polymer solution followed by solution-casting and solvent evaporation or solvent exchange. Low-temperature selectively pyrolyzing micropore-forming templates in the micropore-forming template/polymer blend membranes at a nitrogen flow resulted in the formation of flexible microporous partially pyrolyzed polymeric membranes.
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7 Claims
- 1. A flexible organic micropore-forming template-directed microporous partially pyrolyzed polymeric organic membrane comprising partially pyrolyzed organic polymer wherein said organic polymer is selected from the group consisting of polysulfones, poly(styrenes), styrene-containing copolymers, polycarbonates, cellulosic polymers, polyamides, polyamic acids, polyimides, polyethers, poly(arylene oxides), poly(esteramide-diisocyanate), polyurethanes, polysulfides, polymers from monomers having alpha-olefinic unsaturation, polyvinyls, polyhydrazides, polyoxadiazoles, polytriazoles, poly(benzimidazole), polycarbodiimides, polyphosphazines, and mixtures thereof and wherein said organic micropore-forming template is selected from the group consisting of crown ethers, cyclodextrins, calixarenes, and spherands, polyvinylpyrrolidone, poly(acrylic acid), poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), hyperbranched amine-terminated PEO, poly(propylene oxide) (PPO), co-block-poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide) (PEO-PPO), tri-block-poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide) (PPO-PEO-PPO), poly(propylene glycol)-block-poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(propylene glycol) bis(2-aminepropyl ether) (PAPE), linear and star-shaped poly(caprolactone), and mixtures thereof and wherein said flexible organic micropore-forming template-directed microporous partially pyrolyzed polymeric organic membrane has micropores that have an average pore diameter of less than 2 nm.
- 3. A method of making a flexible template-directed microporous partially pyrolyzed polymeric organic membrane comprising combining an organic polymer and an organic micropore-forming template and then heating the organic polymer and the organic micropore-forming template to a low-temperature pyrolysis.
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