Packet relay apparatus

• US 8,085,795 B2
• Filed: 02/15/2007
• Issued: 12/27/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 09/29/2006
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Fujitsu Limited
• Original Assignee: Fujitsu Limited
• Inventors: Yamane, Shinji
• Primary Examiner(s): Zhou, Yong
• Application Number:
  US11/675,353
• Publication Number:
  US 20080080533A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,776 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 370/401
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/4641 Virtual LANs, VLANs, e.g. virtual private networks [VPN] LAN interconnection over a bridge based backbone H04L12/462; encapsulation techniques H04L12/4633; routing of packets H04L45/00; packet switches H04L49/00; virtual private networks for security H04L63/0272
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/04 Interdomain routing, e.g. hierarchical routing

Abstract

A unicast-use tunnel is added between the Note-C and GW-B (i.e., a unicast optimization). Then, the Note-C transmits, to a GW-C, a second IP packet encapsulating a first IP packet, to which an inter-GW header is added, by an IP header to which a multicast address is set. The multicast-use second IP packet is transferred to a CE by way of a tunnel. The CE copies the received second IP packet and transfers it to a GW-A and the GW-B by way of the tunnel (i.e., a multicast optimization).

Claims

1. A packet relay apparatus connecting a sub-network accommodated by the apparatus itself to a global network, grouping terminals within the sub-network virtually and building up a virtual private network by an intra-group member communication that is a communication between members within a group made by a grouping of the terminals, comprising:

a first storage unit which stores routing information for use in an intra-group member communication relating to a main route and a sub-route, of a first Internet protocol (IP) packet and a second IP packet, and route identification information for identifying an event of being transferred by way of the main route and the sub-route, wherein the first IP packet is managed by an internal management transfer number for identifying the main route used for the intra-group member communication, a sub internal management transfer number for identifying the sub-route used for the intra-group member communication, a transfer number for identifying a transfer route of the first IP packet which is transferred to another packet relay apparatus on the global network and a group number for identifying a group, and the second IP packet is transmitted and received to and from a terminal under a control of the apparatus itself;

an information management unit which sets and updates the routing information and the route identification information stored in the first storage unit;

a first transmission/reception unit which transmits and receives the second IP packet between itself and the terminal under the control of the apparatus itself;

a first packet creation unit which creates the first IP packet by adding an inter-packet relay apparatus header to the second IP packet received by the first transmission/reception unit by referring to the routing information and the route identification information which are stored in the first storage unit, the inter-packet relay apparatus header including information related to the main route, the route identification information and a packet identification information for identifying a packet;

a second transmission/reception unit which transmits the first IP packet created by the first packet creation unit to another packet relay apparatus by referring to the routing information and route identification information which are stored in the first storage unit and also receives the first IP packet created by the first packet creation unit of another packet relay apparatus and addressed to a terminal under a control of the apparatus itself; and

a second packet creation unit which creates the second IP packet by deleting the inter-packet relay apparatus header from the first IP packet received by the second transmission/reception unit and outputs the second IP packet to the first transmission/reception unit.

2. The packet relay apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a transfer unit which transfers the first IP packet received by the apparatus itself to another packet relay apparatus by referring to the routing information and route identification information which are stored in the first storage unit.

3. The packet relay apparatus according to claim 1, wherein

the second transmission/reception unit comprises an encryption unit which encrypts the first IP packet to be transmitted to another packet relay apparatus, and a decryption unit which decrypts the first IP packet received from another packet relay apparatus.

4. The packet relay apparatus according to claim 1, wherein

the routing information is constituted by

a first table storing a sender identification number assigned to a the first terminal and the group number of the group, to which the first terminal belongs, corresponding to a real IP address assigned to the first terminal under the control of the apparatus itself,

a second table storing an addressee identification information assigned to a second terminal which is a destination of the second IP packet transmitted by the first terminal, a group number for a group to which the first terminal belongs, the internal management transfer number and the sub-internal management transfer number,

a third table storing routing information of a first IP packet corresponding to the internal management transfer number and storing routing information of the second IP packet corresponding to the sub-internal management transfer number, and

a fourth table managing routing information of the received second IP packet by the internal management transfer number, sub-internal management transfer number and group number.

5. The packet relay apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising

an update unit which updates the routing information and route identification information according to a condition of a route used by a terminal under the control of the apparatus itself for communicating the second IP packet.

6. The packet relay apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising

a second storage unit which stores packet identification information for identifying the first IP packet if a terminal under the control of the apparatus itself receives the first IP packet addressed to the terminal from another packet relay apparatus in a duration of the terminal communicating the first IP packet by utilizing the main route and sub-route, and

a delayed delivery discard process unit which discards a first IP packet belatedly received among two of the same first packet addressed to the terminal receiving from the main route and sub-route, based on the packet identification information stored in the second storage unit.

7. The packet relay apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising

a communication route optimization unit which optimizes a communication route for the first IP packet by updating the routing information and route identification information.

8. The packet relay apparatus according to claim 7, wherein

the communication route optimization unit optimizes the communication route when a communication volume of the second IP packet exceeds a specified value at a terminal transmitting/receiving the second IP packet.

9. The packet relay apparatus according to claim 7, wherein

the communication route optimization unit optimizes the communication route when a transfer volume of the first IP packet exceeds a specified value at a packet relay apparatus placed at a relay spot of the communication route.

10. The packet relay apparatus according to claim 7, wherein

the communication route optimization unit optimizes the communication route stepwise.

11. The packet relay apparatus according to claim 10, wherein

the communication route optimization unit first adds a route for communicating the first IP packet so as to communicate the second IP packet in two routes as a first stage, followed by narrowing down to one route with a better transfer ratio of the second IP packet from the two routes communicating the first IP packet in a second stage.

12. The packet relay apparatus according to claim 11, wherein

a communication route optimized by the communication route optimization unit is for a unicast-use communication route.

13. The packet relay apparatus according to claim 12, wherein

the communication route optimization unit

adds routing information, which is related to an added communication route, to the first storage unit in the first stage, and

deletes a transfer identification number and the internal management transfer number or sub internal management transfer number which are related to a communication route becoming redundant from the routing information by changing a setup of at least one of the internal management transfer number or sub internal management transfer number in the second stage.

14. The packet relay apparatus according to claim 11, wherein

a communication route optimized by the communication route optimization unit is for a multicast-use communication route.

15. The packet relay apparatus according to claim 14, wherein

the communication route optimization unit

adds routing information, which is related to an added communication route, makes the transfer numbers for identifying the transfer route of the first IP packet common and forcibly converts the group number in the first stage, and

deletes a transfer identification number and the internal management transfer number or sub internal management transfer number which are related to a communication route becoming redundant from the routing information by changing a setup of at least one of the internal management transfer number or sub internal management transfer number in the second stage.

16. The packet relay apparatus according to claim 11, wherein

a communication route optimized by the communication route optimization unit is for a broadcast-use communication route.

17. The packet relay apparatus according to claim 16, wherein

the communication route optimization unit

adds routing information, which is related to an added communication route, makes the transfer numbers for identifying the transfer route of the first IP packet common and forcibly converts the group number in the first stage, and

changes a setup of at least one of the internal management transfer number or sub internal management transfer number, and deletes a transfer identification number and the internal management transfer number or sub internal management transfer number which are related to a communication route becoming redundant from the routing information in the second stage.

18. The packet relay apparatus according to claim 17, wherein

the communication route optimization unit switches over between a main route and a sub-route as the second stage when the apparatus itself receives the second IP packet of no less than a specified value from two communication route.

19. The packet relay apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising

a synchronous update unit which monitors a usage condition of a communication route used by a terminal under the control of the apparatus itself for a communication of the second IP packet, and which updates the routing information and route identification information synchronously with another packet relay apparatus placed in the communication route.

20. The packet relay apparatus according to claim 19, wherein

the synchronous update unit carries out the synchronous update when the apparatus itself switches a communication route for the first IP packet from one route over to two routes.

21. The packet relay apparatus according to claim 19, wherein

the synchronous update unit carries out the synchronous update when the apparatus itself switches a communication route for the first IP packet from two routes over to one route.

22. A terminal apparatus performing an IP packet communication with a first packet relay apparatus that connects a sub-network accommodated by the first packet relay apparatus to a global network, groups terminals within the sub-network virtually and builds up a virtual closed net by an intra-group member communication that is a communication between members within a group made by a grouping of the terminals in the sub-network, comprising:

a storage unit which stores routing information for use in an intra-group member communication relating to a main route and a sub-route, of a first Internet protocol (IP) packet and a second IP packet, and route identification information for identifying an event of being transferred by way of the main route and the sub-route, wherein the first IP packet is managed by an internal management transfer number for identifying the main route used for the intra-group member communication, a sub internal management transfer number for identifying the sub-route used for the intra-group member communication, a transfer number for identifying a transfer route of the first IP packet which is transferred to a second packet relay apparatus on the global network via the first packet relay apparatus, and a group number for identifying a group, and the second IP packet is transmitted and received to and from a terminal under a control of the terminal apparatus itself;

an information management unit which sets and updates the routing information and the route identification information stored in the storage unit;

a first packet creation unit which creates the first IP packet by adding a terminal-packet relay apparatus header being used for transfer a packet in a communication between a terminal and the packet relay apparatus to the second IP packet in which a real IP address of the terminal apparatus itself is set as a sender address of an IP header and a virtual IP address of a transmission destination terminal is set as a destination address, by referring to the routing information stored in the storage unit, the terminal-packet relay apparatus header including information related to the main route, the route identification information and a packet identification number for identifying a packet;

a transmission/reception unit which transmits the first IP packet created by the first packet creation unit to the first packet relay apparatus accommodating the terminal apparatus itself by referring to the routing information and the route identification information which are stored in the storage unit and also receives the first IP packet created by the first packet relay apparatus; and

a second packet creation unit which deletes the terminal-packet relay apparatus header from the first IP packet received by the transmission/reception unit, followed by creating the second IP packet by referring to the routing information stored in the storage unit.

23. The terminal apparatus according to claim 22, wherein

the transmission/reception unit, comprising a communication unit used for a wired communication and one used for a wireless communication, transmits and receives the first IP packet to and from the packet relay apparatus by utilizing the wired communication-use communication unit and wireless communication-use communication unit.

24. The terminal apparatus according to claim 22, further comprising

a tunnel establishment unit which establishes a tunnel connection to a packet relay apparatus capable of carrying out a routing process utilizing the inter-packer relay apparatus header.

25. The terminal apparatus according to claim 22, wherein

the routing information is constituted by

a first table storing a sender identification number assigned to the first terminal and the group number, to which the first terminal belongs, corresponding to a real IP address assigned to a first terminal under the control of the terminal apparatus itself,

a second table storing a destination identification information assigned to a second terminal which is an addressee of the second IP packet transmitted by the first terminal, a group number for a group to which the first terminal belongs, the internal management transfer number and the sub-internal management transfer number,

a third table storing routing information of a first IP packet corresponding to the internal management transfer number and storing routing information of the second IP packet corresponding to the sub-internal management transfer number, and

a fourth table managing routing information of the received second IP packet by the internal management transfer number, sub-internal management transfer number and group number.

26. The terminal apparatus according to claim 22, further comprising

a communication route optimization unit which optimizes a communication route for the first IP packet by updating the routing information and route identification information.

27. The terminal apparatus according to claim 22, further comprising

a synchronous update unit which monitors a usage condition of a communication route used by the terminal apparatus itself for a communication of the first IP packet, and updates the routing information and route identification information synchronously with another packet relay apparatus placed in the communication route.

28. A packet relay method for connecting a sub-network accommodated by the apparatus itself to a global network, grouping terminals within the sub-network virtually and building up a virtual private network by an intra-group member communication that is a communication between members within a group made by a grouping of the terminals, the method being performed by a packet relay apparatus, wherein

the packet relay apparatus comprises

a storage unit which stores routing information for use in an intra-group member communication relating to a main route and a sub-route, of a first Internet protocol (IP) packet and a second IP packet, and route identification information for identifying an event of being transferred by way of the main route and the sub-route, wherein the first IP packet is managed by an internal management transfer number for identifying the main route used for the intra-group member communication, a sub internal management transfer number for identifying the sub-route used for the intra-group member communication, a transfer number for identifying a transfer route of the first IP packet which is transferred to another packet relay apparatus on the global network and a group number for identifying a group, and the second IP packet is transmitted and received to and from a terminal under a control of the apparatus itself, and wherein

the packet relay apparatus performs:

setting and updating the routing information and the route identification information stored in the storage unit;

transmitting and receiving the second IP packet between itself and the terminal under the control of the apparatus itself;

creating the first IP packet by adding an inter-packet relay apparatus header to the received second IP packet by referring to the routing information and the route identification information which are stored in the storage unit, the inter-packet relay apparatus header including information related to the main route, the route identification information and a packet identification information for identifying a packet;

transmitting the created first IP packet to another packet relay apparatus by referring to the routing information and route identification information which are stored in the storage unit and also receiving the first IP packet created by another packet relay apparatus and addressed to a terminal under a control of the apparatus itself; and

creating the second IP packet by deleting the inter-packet relay apparatus header from the received first IP packet and outputting the second IP packet.